Phytoremediation potential of maize (Zea mays L. ) using biochars produced from Walnut leaves in a contaminated soil

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KABIRI P.; MOTAGHIAN H.R.; HOSSEINPUR A.R.

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Journal: Journal of Water and Soil Conservation Year:2018 | Volume:25 | Issue:4 Page(s): 133-152

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Title

Phytoremediation potential of maize (Zea mays L. ) using biochars produced from Walnut leaves in a contaminated soil

Author(s)

KABIRI P. | MOTAGHIAN H.R. | HOSSEINPUR A.R. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Lead bioavailabilityQ1

PhytoremediationQ1

PhytostabilizationQ2

Walnut leavesQ2

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Today, it is necessary to develop biological soil remediation methods that are cost-effective and eliminate pollution without degrading soil fertility. So, studies have been done to reduce the mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals. Recently, biochar is widely used to reduce the toxicity of heavy metals. Biochar is a carbon-rich organic matter, which is produced from pyrolysis of residues under limited oxygen conditions. It is made up of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in which carbon atoms are annularly bounded. Aromatic structure makes it resistant to biological and chemical changes. This carbon-rich material has many functional groups such as, hydroxyl, ketone, ester, aldehyde, amine and carboxyl and significant amounts of humic and fulvic organic acids, which their composition and heterogeneous surface can exhibit different hydrophilic or hydrophobic properties and acidic and basic features. Therefore, biochar has the capacity to stabilize organic and inorganic materials. Furthermore, this material can reduce the risk of entering heavy metals contamination into food chain due to its surface area, porous structure, high pH and CEC. The aim of this study was to investigate the application of Walnut leaves and biochars produced from which at three temperatures of 200, 400 and 600 ° C on the availability and uptake of lead by maize (Zea mays L. Cv. Single cross 704). Materials and Methods: In this study, a pot experiment was conducted, consisting of soils treated with 0, 0. 5, 1 and 2 percent (w/w) of Walnut leaves and its derived biochars produced at 200, 400 and 600 ° C. Walnut leaves and biochars were mixed with 3 kg of soil in 3 replicates and were incubated for 45 days in greenhouse conditions. After incubation, 3 seeds of maize were planted in each pot while adding fertilizers needed. Shoots and roots were harvested after 8 weeks of planting. The maize indices (shoot and root dry weights, Pb and Zn concentration in shoots and roots, bioaccumulation factor and translocation factor) and DTPA-extractable of pb in soils were determined. Results: The results showed that DTPA-extractable of pb and its bioaccumulation reduced by increasing the producing temperature and the application rate of biochars in calcareous soils. Treating soil with 0. 5, 1 and 2% of biochar produced at 600 ° C, significantly reduced pb concentration in shoots by 31. 3%, 33. 5%, 36. 1%, respectively and pb concentration in roots by 32. 0%, 35. 6% and 36. 2%, respectively (P<0. 05). Physiological responses showed that modifiers were effective for increasing the ratio of shoot to root of maize throughout its growth. Treating soil with 2% of biochar produced at 600 ° C, increased significantly the dry weight of shoot and root by 131. 4% and 116. 7%, respectively compared to the control. Also, results showed that the DTPA-extractable of pb decreased by increasing the producing temperature and the application rate of amendments in soils. Treating soil with 0. 5, 1 and 2% biochar produced at 600 ° C, reduced the Bioavailable soil Pb concentrations (DTPA extraction) by 35. 3, 40. 1 and 49. 1%, respectively (P<0. 05). Therefore, biochars were able to reduce the contamination of Pb in treatments and increase maize dry weight. Conclusion: Biochar decreased the concentration of Pb in plant tissues and increased maize growth by reducing the bioavailable soil Pb concentrations (DTPA extraction). Therefore, biochar can be assisted to maize for phytostabilizing Pb in soil and improving Phytoremediation.

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APA: Copy

KABIRI, P., MOTAGHIAN, H.R., & HOSSEINPUR, A.R.. (2018). Phytoremediation potential of maize (Zea mays L. ) using biochars produced from Walnut leaves in a contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES), 25(4 ), 133-152. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/156031/en

Vancouver: Copy

KABIRI P., MOTAGHIAN H.R., HOSSEINPUR A.R.. Phytoremediation potential of maize (Zea mays L. ) using biochars produced from Walnut leaves in a contaminated soil. JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES)[Internet]. 2018;25(4 ):133-152. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/156031/en

IEEE: Copy

P. KABIRI, H.R. MOTAGHIAN, and A.R. HOSSEINPUR, “Phytoremediation potential of maize (Zea mays L. ) using biochars produced from Walnut leaves in a contaminated soil,” JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES), vol. 25, no. 4 , pp. 133–152, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/156031/en

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