In-situ removal of nitrate from groundwater with application of liquid carbon sources

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ANSARI SAMANI F.; TABATABAEI S.H.; ABBASI F.; Alaiee E.

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Journal: IRANIAN WATER RESEARCH JOURNAL Year:2019 | Volume:13 | Issue:3 (34) Page(s): 147-159

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Title

In-situ removal of nitrate from groundwater with application of liquid carbon sources

Author(s)

ANSARI SAMANI F. | TABATABAEI S.H. | ABBASI F. | Alaiee E. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

BacteriaQ1

BiologicalQ2

Efficiency NitratesQ1

PollutionQ1

Removal rateQ1

Abstract

Limited water resources will be available if the quality is desirable today. By entrance of extensive industrial waste into the environment and the use of fertilizers in agriculture, the most important source of human life is in danger. According to various research outputs, the groundwater contamination is often due to the poisoning wastewater from industries or the wastewater reservoir resources where one of the most important contaminants is nitrate. Nitrate in nature can be changed to nitrogen or other forms by microbial activity. There are various methods for removing nitrate from water, which the most common method is the use of denitrification substrates. It has been proposed to create a denitrification wall as a buffer against nitrate contaminated streams as a suitable way to prevent the entering of nitrate into the groundwater resources and then surface water resources. There are various ways to remove nitrate from the water. Nitrogen dehydration substrates are known as the most commonly used method for high-efficiency nitrate removal. In this research, we have tried to study nitrate depletion in nitrogen desalting process in homogeneous conditions and pH = 7 by designing nitrate desalting substrates containing a mixture of soil and carbon sources of methanol, ethanol, glucose and acetate during a column study. Also, the designed substrates were optimally optimized. In this research, we tried to study the effects of nitrification using denitrification substrates containing a mixture of soil and four liquid carbon sources including glucose, acetate, ethanol and methanol. In this research, a Plexiglas column was used as a pillar of Marriott and water source and a porous media column filled with soil with a loamy clay texture of 50 cm long and 10 cm diameter. Potassium nitrate salt was used to make a concentration of 100 mg/L nitrate solution. This study was carried out in two ratios of 1. 5 and 3. 5 C/N, and the nitrate concentration was measured until when the pore volume reached to 10 and also, nitrate output concentration was stabilized. This research was carried out at the research laboratory of the Water Engineering Department of Shahrekord University. After about 250 hours from the start of the Biological removal process, it was observed that the nitrate output concentration was almost constant and there was no considerable change. This phenomenon may occur due to the Bacteria growth because of the favorable growth conditions at the beginning of the experiment, nitrate optimal separation in a process and finally, the lack of one of the factors affecting the growth due to the Bacteria’ s maximum growth. It is clear that at the end of the experiments and after the output nitrate concentration from the column was fixed, green algae were observed in the absorption column’ s parts due to the Bacterial growth and massification. The nitrate’ s removal efficiency using glucose, acetate, ethanol and methanol was 97. 83%, 97%, 98. 66% and 99% respectively, and so methanol had the most efficiency in nitrate removal. Methanol, with 99% removal efficiency, can easily remove nitrate to a concentration of 100 mg/L at groundwater reduce to 2. 1 mg/L. Methanol with 131, 000 Bacteria had the highest Bacterial growth rate in the C/N ratio of 3. 5. In fact, by increasing the carbon concentration, the Bacteria’ s growth rate increased and the nitrate concentration decreased. In statistical analysis, both carbon-to-nitrogen ratios showed significant differences in carbon-nitrogen ratios other than glucose-acetate, with a significant difference in the mean carbon concentration. Also a paired test between different concentrations of a carbon source showed that there is a significant correlation between concentrations of 1. 5 and 3. 5 for each carbon source. The results of this study suggest that the nitrate desalination bed containing the carbon monoxide source with the C/N ratio of 3. 5 is the best substrate at higher glucose concentrations with the highest Bacteria growth. Statistical analysis confirmed the interaction effect of the inert nitrate concentration on the studied removal efficiency. Regarding the correlation coefficient, there is a significant difference between these two concentrations. Adding carbon sources to soil has a significant effect on the amount of soil’ s organic carbon and total soil nitrogen at the 5% probability level.

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APA: Copy

ANSARI SAMANI, F., TABATABAEI, S.H., ABBASI, F., & Alaiee, E.. (2019). In-situ removal of nitrate from groundwater with application of liquid carbon sources. IRANIAN WATER RESEARCH JOURNAL, 13(3 (34) ), 147-159. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/159857/en

Vancouver: Copy

ANSARI SAMANI F., TABATABAEI S.H., ABBASI F., Alaiee E.. In-situ removal of nitrate from groundwater with application of liquid carbon sources. IRANIAN WATER RESEARCH JOURNAL[Internet]. 2019;13(3 (34) ):147-159. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/159857/en

IEEE: Copy

F. ANSARI SAMANI, S.H. TABATABAEI, F. ABBASI, and E. Alaiee, “In-situ removal of nitrate from groundwater with application of liquid carbon sources,” IRANIAN WATER RESEARCH JOURNAL, vol. 13, no. 3 (34) , pp. 147–159, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/159857/en

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