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Information Journal Paper

Title

Effect of blending levels of wastewater-fresh water on yield and water use efficiency of three eucalyptus species

Pages

  73-81

Abstract

 Sewage and wastewater are extensive sources of water in the suburbs of many cities. In many parts of the world, treated sewage and wastewater have been successfully used for irrigation, and many researchers have recognized its benefits. In arid and semi-arid regions, good conditions are provided for planting of susceptible species by irrigation with sewage or wastewater for development of green cover and economic exploitation such as wood production. The aim of this study was to plant different eucalyptus species irrigated with industrial and household sewage and wastewater. Eucalyptus has been considered because of high growth rate and resistance to biotic and non-biotic stresses as well as high product of wood. In this regard, the study was conducted by measurements of yield, water use efficiency and some performance indicators in three eucalyptus species that were planted in drainage lysimeters and irrigated with wastewater. The experiments were carried out in Yazd city and greenhouse condition. The research was conducted by factorial experiment in completely randomized design and three replications. Two main treatments were applied: Irrigation with wastewater in three levels (control or without wastewater, 50% water and 50% wastewater, 100% wastewater). The examined eucalyptus species were Eucalyptus microtheca, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Eucalyptus rubida. Each treatment was applied to tow eucalyptus trees or two pots. Seedlings planted in drainage lysimeters (pots) with 7 liters capacity and they were kept for four months. The soil applied for the experimental pots was a field soil with loamy sand texture (76% sand, 20% silt and 4% clay). Wastewater was provided from the wastewater treatment plant of Yazd city. Wastewater samples were taken during the irrigation period. The chemical and biological analyses of the wastewater were according to standard methods. We studied the influence of irrigation with wastewater on high and diameter of trees, length and wide of leaves, leaf surface, dry mass of leaves, stem and root, specific leaf area, shoot and root dry mass, chlorophyll content and water use efficiency (WUE). The significance of differences between mean values was determined by one-way analysis of variance. Duncan’ s multiple-range test was used to compare the means. The use of tree plantations for the renovation of wastewater and the simultaneous production of forest produce is now being widely studied. In the condition of wastewater use, the presence of nutrients and organic matter in the wastewater helps develop growth and water use efficiency in some plant species. However, applying sewage or wastewater creates undesirable effects in soil, such as direct effects on soil suitability for cultivation and water availability. The use of wastewater for irrigation of fast growing trees can be useful. Wastewater can bring excessive fertility elements into the soil. Therefore, irrigation with wastewater can cause increase in number of leaves, length and width of leaves in plants. Increase of leaves number and leaves area can improve the absorption of solar energy and enhance the efficiency of photosynthesis. Irrigation with wastewater can accelerate the flowering of plants and make the produced seeds healthier. All of these factors can improve water use efficiency in plant. The results of the study showed the potential for utilizing tree plantations with wastewater management. According to this study, there was a significant difference between irrigation treatments at 1% level (p <0. 001) on morphological characters such as height and diameter of trees, length, width and leaf area. Specific leaf area, leaf water content, chlorophyll content also increased with increasing of wastewater concentration. We observed significant different at 1% level (p <0. 001) between of different irrigation treatments. In 100% treatment wastewater, chlorophyll content increased up to three times than the control treatment. Shoot dry weight and water use efficiency were improved with increasing of wastewater concentration which can be due to the high levels of fertilizer elements in the wastewater. According to the results, there was significant difference between trees species in the number of morphological and Physiological characteristics. By increasing the amount of wastewater concentration, these characteristics improved in three species experimented. E. camaldulensis had the highest growth and water use efficiency than others; therefore it can be appropriate for wastewater irrigating conditions. We suggested that for economic use of wastewater for wood producing, E. camaldulensis is more suitable than other species in this experiment.

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    APA: Copy

    Rad, M. H., TAJAMOLIYAN, M., & SOLTANI, M.. (2020). Effect of blending levels of wastewater-fresh water on yield and water use efficiency of three eucalyptus species. IRANIAN WATER RESEARCH JOURNAL, 13(4 (35) ), 73-81. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/159884/en

    Vancouver: Copy

    Rad M. H., TAJAMOLIYAN M., SOLTANI M.. Effect of blending levels of wastewater-fresh water on yield and water use efficiency of three eucalyptus species. IRANIAN WATER RESEARCH JOURNAL[Internet]. 2020;13(4 (35) ):73-81. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/159884/en

    IEEE: Copy

    M. H. Rad, M. TAJAMOLIYAN, and M. SOLTANI, “Effect of blending levels of wastewater-fresh water on yield and water use efficiency of three eucalyptus species,” IRANIAN WATER RESEARCH JOURNAL, vol. 13, no. 4 (35) , pp. 73–81, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/159884/en

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