Evaluation of intercropping basil and forage turnip on yield, essential oil content, phenols and flavonoids of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)

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Kalhor Monfared Roma; Ardakani Mohammad Reza; Paknejad Farzad; Sarajuqi Mansour; Naghdi Badi Hassan Ali

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Journal Paper

Paper Information

Journal: JOURNAL OF ORGANIC FARMING OF MEDICINAL PLANTS Year:2024 | Volume:3 | Issue:1 Page(s): 16-24

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Title

Evaluation of intercropping basil and forage turnip on yield, essential oil content, phenols and flavonoids of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)

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Keywords

biochar

Environmental friendly farming

Dry matter yield

Soluble protein

Vermicompost

Abstract

Intercropping systems and soil amendments usage are the environmental friendly strategies to improve the quality of plants. A study was conducted to investigate the yield and some quality traits of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) in intercropping system with forage turnip (Brassica rapa L.) with the use of vermicompost and biochar as soil amendments. The research was conducted during 2018 and 2019 using split-plot randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments in the main plots were: A1: 90% forage turnip + 10% basil; A2: 80% forage turnip + 20% basil; A3: 70% forage turnip + 30% basil, also two vermicompost levels (15 ton ha-1, 18.5 ton ha-1) and two biochar levels (control, 5 ton ha-1) were placed in subplots. The results showed that intercropping of basil and forage turnip at level of 70% forage turnip + 30% basil with biochar and vermicompost at 18.5 ton ha-1 was the best performance compared to other treatments. That treatment raised dry matter yield (62.54%), essential oil (63.15%), essential oil yield (191.76%), and total flavonoids (36.18%), compared to 90% forage turnip + 10% basil and vermicompost at 15 ton ha-1, without biochar. In intercropping treatments, 70% forage turnip + 30% basil increased soluble protein (88.88%), and improved total phenols (103.98%), compared to 90% forage turnip + 10% basil. Application of vermicompost reduced soluble protein (50%), and improved total phenols (27.36%), and biochar usage raising soluble protein (75%) and increased total phenols (60.56%), compared to control. Generally, intercropping in level of 70% forage turnip + 30% basil and the application of vermicompost 18.5 ton ha-1 and biochar increased the yield, yield compounds and quality of basil and it can be suggested to farmers as environmental friendly methods to improve basil yield and quality.

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