Optimization of Cow Manure Levels and Corm Weight in Saffron (Crocus sativus L. ) by Central Composite Design

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KHORRAMDEL SOROOR; REZVANI MOGHADDAM PARVIZ; Moallem Banhangi Fatemeh; Shabahng Javad

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Journal: JOURNAL OF SAFFRON RESEARCH Year:2019 | Volume:6 | Issue:2 Page(s): 233-249

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Title

Optimization of Cow Manure Levels and Corm Weight in Saffron (Crocus sativus L. ) by Central Composite Design

Author(s)

KHORRAMDEL SOROOR | REZVANI MOGHADDAM PARVIZ | Moallem Banhangi Fatemeh | Shabahng Javad | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

CrocinQ1

Response surface methodologyQ1

SafranalQ1

Sustainable productionQ1

Abstract

Optimization of inputs such as fertilizer consumption and corm weight are sustainable management approaches to conserve resources and mitigate environmental pollutions. Response surface methodology (RSM) is a statistical technique for optimization of multiple factors which determine optimum process conditions by combining experimental designs. In this work, optimization of cow manure and corm weight rates on flower yield, stigma yield, style weight and qualitative criteria of saffron using central composite design was done. This experiment was conducted with 13 treatments and two replications at the Research Field of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad during the growing season of 2015-2016 and 2016-2017. The treatments were allocated based on low and high levels of cow manure (0 and 40 t. ha-1, respectively) and corm weight (7 and 20 t. ha-1, respectively). Flower number, fresh weight of flower, dry weight of stigma, dry weight of style, stigma yield and Crocin (coloring agent), picroCrocin (a specific bitter taste) and Safranal (the main cause of odor) contents were calculated as dependent variables and changes of these variables were evaluated by a regression model. The quality of the fitted model was judged using the determination coefficient (R2). The results showed that the effect of linear component was significant (p≤ 0. 01) on all studied characteristics. Effect of square component was significant (p≤ 0. 01) on all studied criteria except for Crocin content. Interaction effect of full quadratic was not significant on none of these traits. The range of R2 was calculated from 79. 28 to 94. 30. The highest simulated and observed values of flower number (93 and 81. 36 flowers. m-2, respectively) and stigma yield (0. 523 and 0. 46 g. m-2, respectively) observed in 40 tons cow manure per ha and 13. 5 tons corms per ha. The highest simulated and observed values of Safranal (38. 94 and 38. 07 𝑬 𝟑 𝟑 𝟎 𝟏 %, respectively) and Crocin (170. 41 and 170. 36 𝑬 𝟒 𝟒 𝟎 𝟏 %, respectively) contents were recorded for 40 tons cow manure per ha-1 and 20 tons corms per ha. The slope of flower number, fresh weight of flower, dry weight of style, dry weight of stigma and qualitative criteria enhance by an increase in cow manure up to 40 t. ha-1 was higher under high levels than low levels. In general, it seems that resource use optimization based on the RSM may be suitable cropping approach for Sustainable production of saffron.

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APA: Copy

KHORRAMDEL, SOROOR, REZVANI MOGHADDAM, PARVIZ, Moallem Banhangi, Fatemeh, & Shabahng, Javad. (2019). Optimization of Cow Manure Levels and Corm Weight in Saffron (Crocus sativus L. ) by Central Composite Design. JOURNAL OF SAFFRON RESEARCH, 6(2 ), 233-249. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/240422/en

Vancouver: Copy

KHORRAMDEL SOROOR, REZVANI MOGHADDAM PARVIZ, Moallem Banhangi Fatemeh, Shabahng Javad. Optimization of Cow Manure Levels and Corm Weight in Saffron (Crocus sativus L. ) by Central Composite Design. JOURNAL OF SAFFRON RESEARCH[Internet]. 2019;6(2 ):233-249. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/240422/en

IEEE: Copy

SOROOR KHORRAMDEL, PARVIZ REZVANI MOGHADDAM, Fatemeh Moallem Banhangi, and Javad Shabahng, “Optimization of Cow Manure Levels and Corm Weight in Saffron (Crocus sativus L. ) by Central Composite Design,” JOURNAL OF SAFFRON RESEARCH, vol. 6, no. 2 , pp. 233–249, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/240422/en

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