Evaluating the Scale effect of Maps Derived via Remote Sensing and Ground Surveying on the Performance of HEC-HMS

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AZIZIAN A.; SHOKOOHI A.R.; ZAMANI F.

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Journal: Modares Civil Engineering journal Year:2018 | Volume:18 | Issue:1 Page(s): 157-170

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Title

Evaluating the Scale effect of Maps Derived via Remote Sensing and Ground Surveying on the Performance of HEC-HMS

Author(s)

AZIZIAN A. | SHOKOOHI A.R. | ZAMANI F. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Scale effectQ1

DEMQ2

geomorphologic parametersQ1

Rainfall runoff modelQ1

HEC-HMSQ1

Abstract

Rainfall-Runoff modeling especially in ungauged watersheds is almost dependent on hydro-geomorphologic data. With the advent of GIS based techniques, over the past decades, to obtain the watershed’ s geomorphologic data, topographic maps and Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) have become essential in hydrological modeling. DEMs are one of the most important inputs in most rainfall-Runoff models and also in deriving watersheds geomorphological characteristics. One of the most contributing factors that should be should be considered in Rainfall runoff modeling is the effects of DEM sources and DEM resolution on the results of the models. Currently, there are several sources such as: Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data and the advanced space thermal emission radiometer (ASTER) that due to ease of access and free of charge, have an important role in hydrological modeling and the extraction of geomorphological parameters of catchments. In this regard, the effects of data resolution and DEM resolution on deriving watershed’ s geo orphologic data such as sub-basins area, channels and sub-basins’ slope should be well realized in modeling. In this research, HEC-HMS as the event based Rainfall runoff model and two sub-basins with different areas, geomorphologic properties and climate were selected for studying for investigating the impacts of Scale effects on geomorphologic parameters and simulated hydrograph. Results show that by reducing the cell size of the DEM derived from a topo map, the watershed’ s geo orphologic features such as mean slope of main channel and sub-basins’ slope decrease. Reduction of slope para eter significantly affects the value of flood’ s traveling ti e in different sub-basins and subsequently the changes the shape of hydrograph and its simulated peak discharge. Moreover, for DEM cell sizes less than 100 m, the differences in simulated peak were limited between 2 and 5%. Searching for finding an optimum DEM resolution of flood simulation in Kasilian and Karde catchments indicate that DEMs with the cells of ranging between 25-100 m (in Kasilian) and 50-200m (in Karde) lead to efficiency higher than 70%. This result clearly show that the best cell size for using HEC-HMS in small and medium catchments is lower than 100 m and 200 m, respectively. Using SRTM DEMs against the topo DEM at the scale of 1: 25000, representing the effects of data resolution in Rainfall runoff modeling, led to higher flood peaks at the two watersheds. Such an outcome was obtained for time to peak, hydrograph base time, and the slope of hydrograph rising limb. Change of SRTM DEM resolution affected the model output more than the case of using topo DEM. Decreasing DEMs resolution by decreasing information content of the topo DEM reduced differences in the model output when using two different sources of DEM. Furthermore, it is concluded that the extent of Scale effect in modeling could not be inferred by watershed size. It was illustrated that HEC-HMS application in a watershed of more diversity was more sensitive to data resolution. Using cell size of 100 m and less could guaranty the result of the HEC-HMS application regardless of DEM origin and size of watersheds. Finally, the important conclusion can be drawn from the present research is that the information content of SRTM DEM is not nearly similar to TOPO DEM and almost is higher than that; therefore it needs more consideration and some improvements before applying for Rainfall runoff modeling in data sparse regions.

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APA: Copy

AZIZIAN, A., SHOKOOHI, A.R., & ZAMANI, F.. (2018). Evaluating the Scale effect of Maps Derived via Remote Sensing and Ground Surveying on the Performance of HEC-HMS. MODARES CIVIL ENGINEERING JOURNAL, 18(1 ), 157-170. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/256663/en

Vancouver: Copy

AZIZIAN A., SHOKOOHI A.R., ZAMANI F.. Evaluating the Scale effect of Maps Derived via Remote Sensing and Ground Surveying on the Performance of HEC-HMS. MODARES CIVIL ENGINEERING JOURNAL[Internet]. 2018;18(1 ):157-170. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/256663/en

IEEE: Copy

A. AZIZIAN, A.R. SHOKOOHI, and F. ZAMANI, “Evaluating the Scale effect of Maps Derived via Remote Sensing and Ground Surveying on the Performance of HEC-HMS,” MODARES CIVIL ENGINEERING JOURNAL, vol. 18, no. 1 , pp. 157–170, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/256663/en

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