Experimental Study on Effect of Nanostructures to Control Local Scour of Bridge Piers for Unsteady Flows

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GHASEMI E.; ZAHIRI A.; DEHGHANI A.A.; MEFTAH HALAGHI M.

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Journal: Journal of Water and Soil Conservation Year:2020 | Volume:26 | Issue:6 Page(s): 197-213

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Title

Experimental Study on Effect of Nanostructures to Control Local Scour of Bridge Piers for Unsteady Flows

Author(s)

GHASEMI E. | ZAHIRI A. | DEHGHANI A.A. | MEFTAH HALAGHI M. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

Bridge pierQ2

HydrographQ2

Nano-clayQ2

Scour protectionQ1

Unsteady flowQ1

Abstract

Background and Objectives: One of the major topics in river engineering is design and construction of the bridges. Beside their stability considerations, estimating the maximum depth of scour in the vicinity of the pier is also very important. Scour is one of the most important reasons for instability and ultimately the collapse of the bridges. While most of the previous researches on Bridge piers scour are mainly focused on steady flow conditions, in rivers and especially during flood events, the flow is unsteady and the time variations of flow discharge could be rather fast and rapid. The results of studies have shown that taking into account the Unsteady flow would cause more economic and realistic prediction for the maximum depth of scour around the Bridge piers. So far, many different methods have been used to protect piers of the bridges. In this research, a non-structural and environmental friendly solution has been used to reduce the depth of the scour of Bridge piers in Unsteady flow conditions. Materials and Methods: So far, nanostructured materials have been used mainly for improving concrete resistance behavior and earthen rural roads. In order to achieve the research objectives, the combination of nanostructured materials, called Nano-clay was used in a flume bed around the Bridge piers. Several experiments for both steady and Unsteady flow conditions were conducted on a cylindrical pier with a diameter of 35 mm, in a channel with a 9. 5 m length, height and width of 40 cm and a slope of 0. 001. Experiments have been carried out in two different cases, with and without the Nano clay materials on the channel bed. For simulating Unsteady flow conditions, some stepped triangular Hydrographs with a time to peak of 7. 5 minutes and peak flows of 8, 12, 16 and 20 liters per seconds were used in two different modes of with and without Nanostructure materials. Results: The results of experiments in Unsteady flow conditions indicated that with the presence of nano-materials and with increasing the flow discharges, the maximum scouring depth around the Bridge piers reduces. It has been also shown that the maximum reduction of scour depth was nearly 62. 86% which was happened at maximum flow discharge of 20 lit/sec. In this particular flow discharge, the maximum scour depth has been reduced from 47. 4 mm to 18 mm. The minimum reduction of scour depth was about 56. 15% which was happened at the minimum flow discharge of 8 lit/sec. Conclusion: The time evolution of scour around Bridge pier has been studied and compared in both cases, with and without presence of nano-materials. In the presence of nano-materials and for all maximum discharges, it has been observed that the scouring process at initial time steps was similar to the condition without nano-materials but with a sharper trend. The trend in later time steps has experienced with the lower changes and finally has reached to a constant value.

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APA: Copy

GHASEMI, E., ZAHIRI, A., DEHGHANI, A.A., & MEFTAH HALAGHI, M.. (2020). Experimental Study on Effect of Nanostructures to Control Local Scour of Bridge Piers for Unsteady Flows. JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES), 26(6 ), 197-213. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/389878/en

Vancouver: Copy

GHASEMI E., ZAHIRI A., DEHGHANI A.A., MEFTAH HALAGHI M.. Experimental Study on Effect of Nanostructures to Control Local Scour of Bridge Piers for Unsteady Flows. JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES)[Internet]. 2020;26(6 ):197-213. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/389878/en

IEEE: Copy

E. GHASEMI, A. ZAHIRI, A.A. DEHGHANI, and M. MEFTAH HALAGHI, “Experimental Study on Effect of Nanostructures to Control Local Scour of Bridge Piers for Unsteady Flows,” JOURNAL OF WATER AND SOIL CONSERVATION (JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES AND NATURAL RESOURCES), vol. 26, no. 6 , pp. 197–213, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/389878/en

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