Ammonium Polyphosphate and Organically-Modified Montmorillonite Synergistic Effect on Flame-Retardant and Foaming Properties of High Density Polyethylene/Walnut Shell Powder Biocomposite

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Bahreyni Ebrahim; Farid Mansure; Fakhari Mohammad Ali; FARID MOHAMMED

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Journal: Iranian Journal of Polymer Science and Technology Year:2017 | Volume:30 | Issue:4 Page(s): 299-310

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Title

Ammonium Polyphosphate and Organically-Modified Montmorillonite Synergistic Effect on Flame-Retardant and Foaming Properties of High Density Polyethylene/Walnut Shell Powder Biocomposite

Author(s)

Bahreyni Ebrahim | Farid Mansure | Fakhari Mohammad Ali | FARID MOHAMMED | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

foamQ3

biocompositeQ1

walnut shellQ1

HDPEQ3

flame retardantQ1

Abstract

Synergistic effects of organic montmorillonite (OMMT) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) on flame retardant enhancement of high density polyethylene/walnut shell powder (HDPE/WSP) biocomposites were investigated using limiting oxygen index (LOI), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and cone calorimetry test. The LOI data showed that OMMT had a synergistic flame retardant effect with APP and the LOI value reached 28% for the samples containing 9 phr OMMT and 15 phr APP. The TGA and cone calorimeter data demonstrated that the incorporation of OMMT and APP greatly enhanced the thermal stability of HDPE/WSP/OMMT/APP system. Based on the results of thermogravimetric analysis all samples decomposed in two steps. The addition of OMMT and APP also catalyzed the first stage of decomposition, and produced more char residual. The second decomposition stage occurred at higher temperature. This increase in temperature could be attributed to the presence of OMMT and APP which produced a charred layer and prevented the heat and mass transfer from melting polymer to the surface, leading to improved fire resistance of the composite. The addition of OMMT and APP and subsequent formation of charred layer reduced the HRR and MLR values. Microcellular HDPE/WSP biocomposite foams were prepared with a batch foaming apparatus using nitrogen as blowing agent. In the microcellular biocomposites, the relative density and cell size both were a strong function of the APP and OMMT contents and processing conditions. With increasing the APP content, the cell size increased and the relative density fell first and then increased. The addition of OMMT resulted in smaller cell size and higher relative density. The relative density decreased with increasing the saturation temperature and pressure.

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APA: Copy

Bahreyni, Ebrahim, Farid, Mansure, Fakhari, Mohammad Ali, & FARID, MOHAMMED. (2017). Ammonium Polyphosphate and Organically-Modified Montmorillonite Synergistic Effect on Flame-Retardant and Foaming Properties of High Density Polyethylene/Walnut Shell Powder Biocomposite. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (PERSIAN), 30(4 ), 299-310. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/6493/en

Vancouver: Copy

Bahreyni Ebrahim, Farid Mansure, Fakhari Mohammad Ali, FARID MOHAMMED. Ammonium Polyphosphate and Organically-Modified Montmorillonite Synergistic Effect on Flame-Retardant and Foaming Properties of High Density Polyethylene/Walnut Shell Powder Biocomposite. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (PERSIAN)[Internet]. 2017;30(4 ):299-310. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/6493/en

IEEE: Copy

Ebrahim Bahreyni, Mansure Farid, Mohammad Ali Fakhari, and MOHAMMED FARID, “Ammonium Polyphosphate and Organically-Modified Montmorillonite Synergistic Effect on Flame-Retardant and Foaming Properties of High Density Polyethylene/Walnut Shell Powder Biocomposite,” IRANIAN JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (PERSIAN), vol. 30, no. 4 , pp. 299–310, 2017, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/6493/en

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