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Information Journal Paper

Title

Assessment of Cellular Automata Application in Urban Flood Modelling

Pages

  85-98

Abstract

 Introduction: Increasing frequency and intensity of flooding due to urbanization and climate change have led to serious damages in urban areas. Flooding in urban catchments is different from other types of flooding in terms of intensity and volume. Due to the high percentage of impervious areas in these catchments, the flood peak is roughly 1. 8-8 times and the volume is six times larger than flooding in non-urban catchments. One of the major challenges in Urban Flood analysis is the two-dimensional (2D) simulation of Surface Runoff caused by surcharged flows from urban drainage systems. Thus, development of an Urban Flood simulation model, which can rout the water flow on complex topography of urban catchments and determine flooded areas with acceptable computational time and accuracy is important. In this study, a flood simulation model based on Cellular Automata approach (CA) is developed to reduce time and computational effort compared with other 2D conventional hydraulic models. The developed model performance is compared with HEC-RAS, shallow water equations and TUFLOW models which simulate the water movement using conventional numerical schemes. Also, the stability of the model is assessed by considering different time steps and mesh sizes. Methodology: Because of the complexity in both conventional hydraulic models and urban catchments topography, Urban Flood simulation using these hydraulic models is highly computational-intensive task. To overcome these drawbacks, in this study an Urban Flood simulation model based on CA was developed. In CA flood simulation, the study domain was discretized into regular grids which is called ‘ cell’ . The flow direction in each cell is determined comparing the water level in the objective cell and its neighbors. Then, the inflow and outflow of each cell is computed in x and y directions at each time step. The volume and depth of water in each cell is calculated based on the discharge into and out of the cell and the considered time step length. The process of calculating flow depth and volume in the cells continues till the end of simulation period. The neighborhood condition which is used for developing the proposed hydraulic model is Von-Neumann type. In this type of neighboring condition, four neighbors are considered (up, down, right and left sides) at each side of the cell. The amount of water which flows into or out of the cells depends on the width of the cells sides that water passes through. Results and Discussion: In this section, the performance of the model is evaluated in four different tests. In the first test, the models performance is compared with HEC-RAS model in which the water flow is one-dimensionally simulated in a channel and the water level variation during simulation was compared with HEC-RAS simulation. In the second test, the proposed the performance of the model in 2D flow simulation was compared with shallow water equations. The third test was about evaluating the model’ s ability in simulating water movement on a complex topography, and comparing the results with TUFLOW simulation. In the last test, CA performance was tested by simulating the flood propagation on a hypothesis floodplain-like domain, and the water level variation was assessed at six points and compared with that of obtained by TUFLOW simulation. The obtained results show that the proposed model, using topographic and surface roughness data as inputs, can simulate water movement with acceptable accuracy one-and two-dimensionally. In addition, the computational time is reduced up to almost 60 times compared to the model which was based on shallow water equations in test 2. Conclusion: In this study, an Urban Flood simulation model was developed and its performance was evaluated in four different tests. The obtained results showed that this model is capable of one and two dimensionally water movement simulation with acceptable computational time and accuracy. This model was developed following two main goals: First, proposing a simple and efficient model which is able to simulate flood on complex urban catchments accurately with low computational cost. The second goal was to develop a model that could be applied as an opensource software that provides researchers with the availability of modifying and combining it with various hydrologic models. In conclusion, based on obtained results, the proposed model could be considered as a valuable tool in determining flood-prone areas, managing urban runoff, designing flood warning systems and many other different applications.

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    APA: Copy

    Abbasizadeh, Hossein, Nazif, Sara, & HOSSEINI, SEYED ABBAS. (2019). Assessment of Cellular Automata Application in Urban Flood Modelling. JOURNAL OF HYDRAULICS, 14(3 ), 85-98. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/955821/en

    Vancouver: Copy

    Abbasizadeh Hossein, Nazif Sara, HOSSEINI SEYED ABBAS. Assessment of Cellular Automata Application in Urban Flood Modelling. JOURNAL OF HYDRAULICS[Internet]. 2019;14(3 ):85-98. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/955821/en

    IEEE: Copy

    Hossein Abbasizadeh, Sara Nazif, and SEYED ABBAS HOSSEINI, “Assessment of Cellular Automata Application in Urban Flood Modelling,” JOURNAL OF HYDRAULICS, vol. 14, no. 3 , pp. 85–98, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/955821/en

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