Thymus vulgaris is one of the medicinal plants which in Iran is traditionally used for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. So far there is no scientific pharmacological evidence that could confirm its beneficial effect for this disorder. Therefore, we have investigated the anti-spasmodic effect of essential oil of Thymus vulgaris on contraction of isolated ileum. For this purpose Wistar rats were killed with a blow on the head and a portion of ileum was removed and placed in oxygenated Thyroid's solution. Isotonic contraction induced by KCL were recorded on a physiograph chart receded paper. Effect of series concentrations of essential oil were studied on tonic contraction induced by 80 mM KCl in order to determine the range of concentrations of essential oil which may have an inhibitory effect on ileum contraction. Effect of each concentration of essential oil was compared with its control tissue treated with an equivalent volume of vehicle. Essential oil of Thymus vulgaris, dose-despondently inhibited ileum contraction (potency=0.4±0.12). Comparison of inhibitory effect of essential oil of whole aerial part of the plant shows that pure leaf essential oil of thymus has more powerful inhibitory effect. Drop mixture of Thymus containing thymus (40%), spearmint (30%), cumin (20%) and fennel (10%) is recommended for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. The inhibitory effect of this mixture on equivalent concentration was similar to same proportion of essential oil of above plants. However, the potency of the drug mixture was far less than that of essential oil of leaf thymus. This study clearly shows the potential inhibitory effect of Thymus vulgaris. Since reduction of contraction of intestine is the bases of treatment of abdominal cramps and diarrhea. Our study indicated that usage of essential oil of Thymus vulgaris for above disorders has beneficial effect.

Diverticulosis of jejuneum and ileum has been reported in the literature but diverticulosis of jejuneum, ileum and ascending colon together is rare and mostly reported in young women. A 34 years old woman with complaint of abdominal pain and vomiting was admitted to the emergency room of Afshar hospital. Intestinal transit revealed plenty of divesticulosis of jejuneum and ileum causing subocclusion of small intestine. The patient was taken for laparatomy. There were several diverticulosis along the midgut, one of which was inclamed causing subocclusion. Following resection of this portion, end to end anastomosis was carried out. After a week, the patient was discharged from hospital in a good condition. Diverticulosis of small intestine is a rare disease which is diagnosed by one of its complications such as hemorrhage, perforation and obstruction. If it involves the whole length of intestine, then the portion causing the complication should be resected.    

Lymphomas accounts about 10% of all childhood malignancies, and non-Hodjkin's lymphomas are the major group of lymphomas in children, so it's necessary to increase our knowledge about this subject.This descriptive study was performed on 60 cases of non-Hodjkin's lymphoma aged 0-14 years, referring to Mophid Ped. Hospital in seven years (1369-1375) the considered parameters are type, grading, sex, age and site of involvement. Among the patients, 42 (70%) were male and 18 (30%) were female. 52 patients (86.6%) had high gradelymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma was seen in 39 (65%) of subjects. Thirty patients (50%) had 0-5 years. Extranodal involvements (ilium, ovary, nasopharynx, small intestine) were seen in 36 (60%) patients.The findings in the present study were similar to those reported from other countries. Although further studies should be done for approaching the better results.

During six years (1993-1999) nine Holstein calves were diagnosed with intestinal (colon and ileum) atresia and atresia ani in dairy fans around Tehran. Out of nine calves, two calves were diagnosed with atresia ani, two calves had atresia ani and lack of tail, one calf in addition to atresia ani had fifth limbs. The remaining four calves afflicted with segmental atresia coli and ilei. Only one case treated surgically, but died after one day. Four calves were culling from herd and four calves were necropsied.

Bladder cancer is the second most common cancer of the genito –urinary tract. Transurethral resection allows accurate estimate of tumor stagehand grade and need for additional treatment.This case report is pertaining to a rare form of bladder tumor invasion and T U R syndrome due to this complication. A 67 years old male was candidated for palliative TUR because of tumor relapse.During the procedure, he showed signs of TUR syndrome and follow up provided fertilization of bllader tumor into the ileum and dilutional hyponatremia because of excessive absorption of inigation fluid.Vesicoenteric fistulas are most commonly associated with diverticulitis, crohn's disease, and the carcinoma of the colon.

During 3 months in 2000, seven cattle were affected by rectal stricture. These animals were between 12 and 48 months old and only one of them was a bull which had been transferred to a beef production unit a week before affection. The status of the uterus of the other 6 affected females were as follows: impregnant (1), recently inseminated (1), 4-5 months pregnant (2), dry cow (1) and calved 48 hours before affection (1). The diseased animals were from 7 different rural farms located in Varamin region in Tehran province with herd population of 3-65 cattle.The affected animals had histories ranging from inappetence to anorexia, constipation, dysentery to melena with or withour tenesmus. On clinical examination, the following symptoms were found: temperature 40.3c, heart beat 60-80, number of rumen movements in 3 minutes 1-2 with low quality. Fecal status dysentery with mucous membrane or melena with tenesmus was not observed in either situation. Rectum had thickened wall and narrow lumen with diffeent severity. S. enterica. subsp. enterica serovar dublin were isolated from faecal samples. At necropsy of one affected cow there were no pathological changes in thoracic cavity and GI system up to jejunum. The ileum had hyperaemic and hemorrhagic surface. The large intestine had thick wall and hyperaemic and hemorrhagic surface. The rectum had quite thickened wall and hyperaemic and hemorrhagic surface and the lumen of rectum specially 10 cm to anus contained a remarkable amount of diphthertic - like lesion on mucous membrane surface.