Apical and lateral buds (bionodal microcuttings) were selected from some individuals among natural habitats of olive in Tarom, Mangil, Rudbar, Gorgan and also in Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands in different seasons. These explants were stabilished on OM and MS media after sterilization by sodium hypocloride or mercuric cloride lonely and in different combination rates.Stabilished explants were transfered on the same-media containing 1-3 mg/I BAP for proliferation. Obtaining desired number of shoots, they were subcultured on hormon free media (OM & MS) before transferring on rooting media with a reduction in nitrate concentration and in combination with NAA and IBA (0.5-2 mg/l) separately and also using darkness treatment.The plantlets were planted in pots containing perlit, vermiculit, sand and rice glume (1:1:1:1v/v). The results showed that mid autumn is the best time for taking explants. The most efficient sterilization procedure was:1- Brushing by common detergent2- Diping in ethyl alcohol (70%)3- Washing by running water4- Diping in 0.1% mercuric chloride for 2 minutes.The suitable medium for establishment was OM with 0.5 mg/l BAP, and for proliferation stage MS with 1 mg/l BAP.The highest percent of rooting was obtained on MS combination with 1 mg/l IBA and 1 week of darkness.Application of antibiotics caused transitory control of bacterial contamination but decreased the vigour of shoots. To overcome bacterial contaminations, fast subcultures of apical buds showed the best results. 

Shoot tips from different genotypes of Populus caspica, were collected from adult trees grown in northern forests of Iran. After surface sterilization, these explants were cultured on three different media containing BA (0.5 - 2) mg/lit and IBA (0.01) mg/lit .The rate of shoot multiplication, shoot length growth and other responses of these genotypes were investigated. All of them showed rapid multiplication, when cultured on half strength MS containing 0.5 - 2 mg/lit BA and 0.01 mg/lit IBA. The number of shoots formed per explants varied for each genotype. Genotype 3 had the highest proliferation in the same conditions. All of such shoots rooted in MS medium with 0.5 mg/lit IBA. This plantlets were transferred in soil and 100 % of these plants successfully established in the field conditions.

In order to investigate walnut (julgans regia), shoot tips and axillary buds of elite adult trees were collected from natural stands and used as explants.Suitable method of sterilization was found. Sterilized explants cultured on media with different concentration at different growth regulators. DKW medium containing BA= 1mg/lit was the best medium for shoot proliferation. GA3, promoted lateral bud growth and shoot proliferation. MS and DKW medium containing 0.25 mg/lit GA3 and 0.5 mg/lit BA, were the best composition for shoot proliferation.Shoots cultured on hormone free DKW medium before rooting treatments, were longer and more vigorous. There was no rooted shoot although many different treatments like decreasing macro elements and sucrose concentrates, using of activated charcole and adding different vitamins and amino acids to the medium have been investigated.

In this research, effective factors in sterilization, shooting and rhyzogenes of P. tremula buds' from adult trees, were investigated.Apical buds were cut in different seasons and sterilized with different treatments and then cultured on ACM and WS mediums.We found that (a) winter is the best season for explanation. (b) The most effective sterilization methods was treating with 1% sodium hypochloride for 6 minutes and then with 0.1% mercuric chloride for 10 seconds. The best treatment for effective proliferating was ACM medium containing BA (0.05 mg/l) + NAA (0.02 mg/l). In ACM medium containing both 0.5 mg/l IBA + 0.1 mg /1 NAA, 96% of the shoots were rooted after one week. Plantlets were transferred to sterile pots containing equal quantities of (peat, vermiculite, sand) and after gradual acclimatization (in germinator and greenhouse). These plants were planted in the field. 75% of the transplanted propagates were established in the field.

In the present investigation in vitro propagation of GF677 (Hybrid of almond x peach) rootstock was studied. Explants were isolated from apical and lateral buds early April. Plant materials were then sterilized using Hg Cl2 (0.1%) for 6 minutes. The culture media MS, 1/2 MS and modified Knop (with some changes in microelements) were used in experiments. The best shoot proliferation achieved on modified Knop medium containing 2% sucrose, 1mgll BA, without NAA (0.0). In this medium about 5 shoots per test tube were produced and there were significant difference between hormone concentrates at 0 1% level. The conditions of growth chamber was 16-h light period and a 24/26oC day/night temperature regime. Light intensity was 2500-3000 lux and air humidity was 45%. In rooting stage, use of LS medium containing 0.3 mg/l IBA , 1.6 mg/l thiamin and 7 days darkness period, gave the best results of rooting, up to 80% . Propagated plants via tissue culture were transferred to the soil consisting of 40% peat and 60 % sand mixture, or Jiffy blocks, but Jiffy blocks gave better results.

Jojoba is considered as a valuable crop species regarding its tolerance to draught and soil salinity as well as its economical importance as an industrial crop. This species is used in soil conservation activities, against desertification, as an ornamental and landscaping plant, and in some extend also can be considered as a nutritional plant. Seeds of jojoba contain 50-60% liquid wax which is used in electronic, medicine, nutrition and cosmetic industries. In this experiment, asexual propagation (micro propagation) was investigated. In surface sterilizing experiment, the use of 70% ethanol for 5 sec followed by 1% (w/v) benomyl for 30 min, 1% (v/v) sodium hypochlorite for 20 min containing 1-2 drops of liquid soap, gave the highest sterilizing efficiency. The results of micro propagation experiments showed that the best season for taking explants from the mother plants was late spring. The best hormonal combination for shoot proliferation were 4 ppm BA and 0.01 ppm IBA added to MS medium, while the best hormonal combination for root formation were 0.1 ppm BA and 3 ppm IBA added to MS medium.

Wild servis tree (Sorbus tormhnalis) is an important forest species for wood production in Iran. This experiment was conducted for shoot proliferation in this species. Apical and lateral buds from elite trees were collected in northern forest (Loveh, Farim and Pardcola) in different seasons (spring, autumn and winter). Sterilized explants were then cultured on basal MS medium.The results showed that the best treatments for explants sterilizing were:-1% (w/v) Benomyl for 30 minutes- 70% Ethanol for 5 seconds-0.1% Mercuric chloride with 1-2 drops of liquid soap for 1 minute. The results indicated that the best season for taking explants from mother plants was late autumn. The suitable media for explants establishment and shoot proliferation were basal MS supplemented with 0.5 ppm BAP and 1/2N basal medium with 1 ppm BAP, respectively. Using GA3 was not effective for stopping rosette growth and increasing internodes length.

Anatomic characteristics of elite adult trees of P. caspica and in vitro derived plants were compared. Results showed that plants from natural environment (Genotype 1,2) are different from Genotype 3 , because of less cuticole and tricomes on epidermis cells in the former(s).All of the plants showed oxalate calcium crystals in both collenchymatic cells of leaves and parenchymatic cells of petioles. Adult plants showed vascular bundles with a scleranshima ring around the phloem, but tissue cultured explants showed less cuticoles and tricomes on epidermis, small and restricted vessels without scleranshima ring. Also stomata were anemositic and bulgy in all of the test samples method of search is the microtome sectioned from leaves and petioles stained them, fixationed and microscopic studied between adult trees and tissue cultured species.