One of the most challenging and difficult aspects of translation is related to the translation of idioms by both machine systems and human translators. The problem arises from the recognition of the idioms on the one hand and translating them on the other hand. idiom recognition is not easy since an idiom may change its form based on the context in which it is used. Using systematic idiom collections and special rules to recognize idioms, the problem can be solved to a great extent. Moreover, the inclusion of a morphological as well as syntactic parser can greatly enhance the idiom recognition and translation process. The aim of this paper is twofold. First, we want to test Google Translate to see how well it is capable of translating idioms and next to provide means to improve the quality of translation of idioms by Google Translate.

Google Translator Toolkit is one of the recent online translation tools made available to professional and non- professional users. This toolkit is an editing tool which enables users to edit the translations provided. by Google Translate. Google Translator Toolkit has several features which can make it interesting and at the same time useful for translators. First of all, it is rather easy to work. Second, its user- friendly interface allows users to easily edit the translations done by Google Translate, while at the same time provides access to existing translations done by other users. Last but not least, multiple users can work on a document and collaboratively translate it at the same time. The present paper elaborates on an observational study into the use of Google Translator Toolkit by a class of senior student translators at Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran in the context of translation of political texts from English into Persian. The results are drawn from the teacher's observation and the students' class discussions along with their answers to a questionnaire on the use of Google Translator Toolkit.

Nowadays many people talk about machine translation and computers' potentials for this purpose. Due to lack of sufficient or proper understanding of computer power in this area, in this paper first a brief introduction of MT is given. The output of three MT systems dealing with Persian and English, namely Pars, Padideh and Google are then evaluated. It is not the aim of this paper to underestimate the efforts of individuals and companies producing these systems; rather, we are trying to show that machine translation is a huge undertaking and beyond the resources available to individuals and companies. Therefore, there is a long way ahead to attain systems capable of producing perfect translations.

It is necessary to investigate what a translator needs in order to translate a text from one language to another, to design a training programme. For this purpose, the mental activities that a translator goes through in order to comprehend a text and then convert it into another language are described. Based on this, suggestion is made concerning how to select students for an M.A. programme in translation and train them for this purpose.

The present article seeks to study the concept of "attentiveness" in translation studies. This concept was introduced for the first time in psychology, then in second language teaching. In the field of translation studies, we will talk about "the attentiveness of the translator. " Firstly, we refer to the explanation of the concept from the point of view of its exponent, Eric Berne, and then we will use this version in the translation studies. From the importance of translation in the present era, we will find the importance of the translator and we will see that the interpreter, through translating, needs to be seen and filled with gratitude. In another part of this article, we will examine the causes of the attentiveness of the translator's paradoxical branches, the death and survival and contribution of the translator in power. A part of the forthcoming article is devoted to translators and interpreters will to take the form that we will explain.

The present article discusses and analyzes the following points:1. The meaning of translation and its difference from commentary2. The characteristics of a good translator, includingA. The knowledge and command of both languages and the subtletiesB. The knowledge and command of grammatical rules and literary expressions in both languagesC. The knowledge and command of lexical and semantic variety in both languages