This article seeks to reveal the theoretical basics of Islabmic Fundamentalism. Precedence of religion over reason in epistemology, emphasize on human being duties in anthropology, Government on the base of jurisprudence in political approach, and criticizing the western civilization, are the theoretical indicators of Islamic Fundamentalism. The Devotees of Islam (Fada'iyan-e Islam) as an important Islamic Fundamentalist group in Iranian contemporary history has been considered as the case study. Theoretical description and hermeneutics has been used as methods of research in this regard.

To research the backgrounds and influential factors in formation of Bible is a subject very important from histo - cultural and kalam – theological aspect in understanding the essence of this book. It is claimed that the fountainheads for forming scripture are Hebrew-Judaic and Greece- Hellenistic traditions and Christianity itself. But using historical analysis and etymology of these two tradition show that there are other factors which are forgotten in religious researches, and also reveal the cultural and spiritual mixture of these two tradition which was effective in forming the historical destiny of considering the results of extending of these factors opens a new field of research that the appearance of hermeneutic stream of scripture is one its branches. The main target of this paper is surveying the transformation of religious understanding in Christianity and its relation to early cultural and religious events in early centuries A.D.

Architecture is a discipline that is a combination of humanities, arts and technical sciences. Consequently, the realization of architecture requires a set of knowledge and wisdom. About1939, academic education of architecture in associate degree and contiguous master's degree courses, began. The Bachelor's degree course was founded in1998. The present study compared the degree of adaptation of architecture curriculum in a contiguous master's degree courses with that of non-contiguous based on the components of architecture education. This applied study was of descriptive-analytical type and evaluation study in nature. The Explanatory method was used for data collection. First, the educational content and whatever an architecture student should learn were discussed. Then, experts' opinions and perceptions were asked regarding the educational content using a likert scale questionnaire. The findings revealed that the content of architecture teaching is based on the three foundations of knowledge, competence, wisdom. and the course syllabus in contiguous master's included 67units(1767hours)in knowledge dimension and 88units(3640hours)in competence dimension. Overall, both non-contiguous degrees encompassed 64units(1479hours)in knowledge dimension and 88units(3570hours)in competence. According to professors, employers and graduates’ perspectives, contiguous master's degree was more comprehensive in terms of knowledge، competence and wisdom. considering the nature of the architecture and its difference with other fields of study, as well as the impact of the competence and wisdom factors in architects’ training, And this course, in most areas, prefers a non-countiguous master's degree.

New centuries contain a typical conception and method selection and scientific philosophical studies, which have occurred in the five recent centuries. Their accumulation yields a spatial epistemology about the phenomena. Because it is necessary to understand the structure and the elements of this epistemology and its effects on human and social sciences, for example economics, we have studied some of these elements such as a mechanical conception about the world, empiricism, rationalism, scientism, humanism, and so on, in the enlightenment era. Their influences on the ideas and the conceptions of classical economists are also followed. The article findings show that the solutions, policies and debates which the classical economists have presented in their ages, have been overshadowed by these epistemological elements.