Background: Urinary tract infection is common in pediatric age group and can result in serious complications such as chronic renal failure and hypertension if renal parenchyma is involved. Thus, definitive diagnosis of pyelonephritis in equivocal cases is of great importance.Objective: Comparing the diagnostic value of power color Doppler sonography and DMSA scan in acute pyelonephritis in children.Methods: This was a descriptive study carried out on 80 pediatric patients (160 renal units) suspected of having pyelonephritis. Two diagnostic methods (DMSA scan and power color Doppler sonography) were performed for all patients. Assuming DMSA scan as the gold standard method in diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and also the accuracy of power color Doppler sonography were calculated and analyzed, statistically.Findings: Power color Doppler sonography showed a sensitivity of 66.3%, specificity of 77.5%, positive predictive value of 78.7%, and negative predictive value of 64.7% with an accuracy of 71.3% in diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis in children. The agreement between the two diagnostic tests was shown to be around 43%.Conclusion: Based on our data, the power color Doppler sonography of kidneys has lower sensitivity and specificity compared to those obtained by DMSA scan in diagnosing acute pyelonephritis in children and is not considered as an ideal diagnostic technique for this particular clinical condition.

Feuilleton is a writing genre which came into existence after the emergence of the press and the reasons behind its creation can be listed as compensating for the shortage of book publications, providing a new way to present long texts, and keeping and increasing the readership. Taking a history of literature research approach, we investigated this writing genre and its applications in the Iranian press from the outset up to the year 1320 SH (1941). While serialized stories have comprised the majority of feuilletons in the press, various topics such as plays, travelogues, biographies, and historical texts have also appeared as feuilletons. In the early Iranian press, various terms were used for this genre, such as ‘ ghesmat-e tahtā ni’ [bottom section], ‘ fiton’ [feuilleton], and ‘ zeyl’ [appendix / footnote]. It was Ettehad-e Eslam Newspaper that first used the term pā varaghi [~footer / footnote / = feuilleton] which was gradually picked up by other publications. The first feuilletons were published by Etemad al-Saltanah in Iran Newspaper and mostly had historical themes. The first fiction feuilleton was the novel neyrang-e siyā h ya kaizā ne sefid [The Black Deception or White Maids] by Mohammad-Taqi Bahar which was published in Iran Magazine in 1298 SH (1919), and the naming by certain researchers of the novels tehrā ne makhō f [The Dreadful Tehran] or dah nafar qezelbā š [The Ten Qizilbash] as the first fiction feuilletons lacks scientific rigor. The most important feature of this genre is its serialization, and variety in its topics. Considering its style of writing, no particular linguistic feature can be attributed to this genre; rather, the style of writing in this genre follows the style of its authors or translators.

Background and Objectives: Gerbera is one of the most important cut flowers in floriculture industry and has high economic value. One of the main problems in gerbera export is postharvest losses and short vase life due to the water relations disruption by the increasing of microbial population in preservative solution. During last decades awareness increased among people regarding side effect of chemicals used in agriculture and several research has been conducted to find alternative methods or materials to preserve product quality or prolong vase life. In this research, effect if different treatments of plant essential oils and silver nanoparticles was investigated on vase life of gerbera cut flower cv. Pink Power.Materials and Methods: In this study the effect of essential oils of ajowan, lavender and eucalyptus with two concentrations (15 and 30 ml L-1 L) and silver nanoparticles with two concentrations (40 and 80 mL L-1) on vase solution uptake, membrane stability index of stem and petals, petals wilting percentage, microbial population at the end of stem and vase life of cut gerbera cv. Pink Power were investigated. A factorial experiment (the first factor was treatments and the second factor was sampling time) was conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications and four flowers in each replication.Results: The different treatments of plant essential oils and silver nanoparticles had not sensible effect on some of traits such as relative fresh weights of cut flowers, the changes of stem diameter in the below of flower head and end of stem and petals ion leakage. Conversely, some of traits such as the vase solution uptake, membrane stability index, stem ion leakage, microbial population at the stem end, petal wilting percentage and vase life were affected significantly.Essential oil of ajowan (15 mL L-1) increased vase solution uptake and reduced microbial population, ion leakage petal, wilting percentage and, consequently, increased the vase life of gerbera. The highest vase life (11 days) was related to 15 ml L-1 ajowan treatment, although there was no significant difference with compared to silver nanoparticles Conclusion: In general, essential oil of ajowan and silver nanoparticles used in this study were able to improve the vase life of gerbera cut flowers. But, due the superiority of some measured traits of gerbera cut flowers treated with essential oil of ajowan compared to silver nanoparticles and harmful environmental effects of silver nanoparticles, can be recommended the ajowan essential oil with 15 ml L-1L concentration be used for increasing the vase life of gerbera. However, since gerbera plants are highly heterozygous, further researches on other cultivars with different concentrations may be suggested.

طی بررسی های انجام شده در چندین گلخانه شمال غرب و جنوب غرب ایران در پاییز 1400-1401، علائم ویروسی از جمله موزاییک برگ، تغییر شکل و بدشکلی برگ و بند کفشی در چندین گیاه گوجه فرنگی مشاهده شد. واکنش زنجیره ای پلی­مراز رونویسی معکوس (RT-PCR) با استفاده از آغازگرهای اختصاصی برای تشخیص ویروس چروکیدگی قهوه ای میوه گوجه فرنگی (ToBRFV) انجام شد. یک قطعه 458 جفت بازی مربوط به بخشی از ژن پروتئین پوششی در تمام نمونه های علائم دار تکثیر شد. تجزیه و تحلیل بلاست توالی و هم ترازی چندگانه جدایه توالی یابی شده با جدایه های به دست آمده از بانک ژن، شباهت توالی نوکلئوتیدی 99.76  درصد را با جدایه های بانک ژن نشان داد. آنالیز فیلوژنتیک جدایه های ToBRFV را در سه کلاد گروه بندی کرد، جدایه ایرانی (Jol-F-2022) در کلاد دو قرار گرفت. احتمال آلودگی مخلوط نمونه ها با ویروس های مهم با استفاده از آغازگرهای عمومی ارتوتوسپوویروس ها (orthotospovirus)، و آغازگرهای اختصاصی ویروس پیسک خفیف فلفل (PMMoV)، ویروس موزائیک گوجه فرنگی (ToMV) و ویروس موزاییک خیار (CMV) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در پنج نمونه، آغازگرهای اختصاصی CMV یک قطعه 657 جفت بازی از ژن پروتئین پوششی را تکثیر کردند، در حالی که هیچ قطعه ای با آغازگرهای عمومی برای جنس ارتوتوسپوویروس و آغازگرهای اختصاصی برای PMMoV وToMV تکثیر نشد. تجزیه و تحلیل بلاست نوکلئوتیدی (BLASTn) شباهت توالی نوکلئوتیدی را در حدود 95.13-98.85 بین جدایه CMV ایرانی و توالی های مربوطه در بانک ژن نشان داد. آنالیز فیلوژنتیک بر اساس توالی های نوکلئوتیدی ژن پروتئین پوششی، جدایه های CMV را در سه گروه اصلی گروه بندی کرد، جدایه ایرانی با جدایه های CMV هندی در زیرگروه IB گروه بندی شد. مطالعات بیولوژیکی با تلقیح مکانیکی یک نمونه آلوده روی توتون (Nicotiana rustica) انجام شد. گیاهان تلقیح شده علائم موزائیک شدیدی را در 15 روز پس از تلقیح (dpi) نشان دادند و آلودگی توسط هر دو ویروس از طریق RT-PCR با استفاده از آغازگرهای اختصاصی تایید شد. این مطالعه اولین گزارش از آلودگی مخلوط گیاهان گوجه فرنگی با ToBRFV و CMV در ایران را ارائه می دهد.

Background and objective: CO2 originating from the combustion of fossil fuels will cause the greenhouse effect. Therefore, it is necessary to control it in production cycles, which are one of the most important factors of CO2 emission. In this research, by simulating the newly invented Allam cycle and creating a hybrid cycle based on Allam, CO2 produced in the Allam cycle is used as the working fluid, and in addition to reducing pollution, waste energy in the Allam cycle is used as an energy supplier. Two cycles of medium temperature and low temperature will be used. Reducing energy loss by creating a new foundation combined cycle will lead to an increase in the LHV efficiency of the power plant and as a result reduce global warming and environmental hazards. Material and Methodology: Using Thermo flow software, the Allam cycle, organic Rankine and also Steam cycle was simulated. Then the mentioned cycles were combined to reduce energy loss and the results were analyzed by Thermo flow and Excel software. Findings: The simulated combined cycle increased LHV by 0. 5% Compared with the Allam cycle. considering the energy loss by the components in the Allam cycle, and then creating a combined cycle, the LHV will increase by 0. 98%. Discussion and Conclusion: The creation of the combined cycle led to the reduction of energy loss in the system. CO2 produced in the power plant is contained in the system also by examining the environmental conditions of the power plant and increasing the pressure to 1. 127 bar, relative humidity of 0. 1, and temperature of zero degrees, it will increase the LHV efficiency of the power plant. Increasing power plant efficiency, reducing energy loss and CO2 absorption will all lead to a reduction in global warming and environmental protection.

A prerequisite in the majority of control processes is modeling. The model used to design a controller must be both accurate and real-time. Utilizing prevalent approaches of modeling, namely modeling based on (numerically) solving the equations governing the fluid in the combustion chamber, is too time - consuming and not suitable for control purpose. This paper aims to model combustion in an SI engine by means of neural networks and present an accurate and fast-response model for combustion. Obviously, any training procedure of neural networks involves empirical data acquisition. On the other hand, engine testing is highly expensive, and testing data tables available (in industry) is not sufficient to train neural networks. In this paper, first with the aid of CFD software, a one-dimensional model of an engine is constructed, and then calibrated using the factual experimental data at hand. Afterwards, acquiring data required is performed via the validated CFD model. As a matter of fact, because of the lack of access to necessary experimental coefficients, calibration is an extremely complicated and time-consuming process. An attempt is made to accomplish and spell out the calibration of the engine model in the GT-Power software, in a scientific practice. After a brief survey on the methods employed in designing the neural networks, modeling of the combustion chamber will be stated. Eventually, the response of the constructed NN model will be compared to the results gained from the GT Power software, and the great accuracy of the NN model will be shown.