The Editorial team at the Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery would like to extend our heartfelt gratitude and recognition to the reviewers who dedicated their time and expertise to review manuscripts for J Res Dev Nurs Midw in 2023. Your commitment and contributions have been invaluable in maintaining the high quality of the articles published in our journal. We express our sincerest appreciation to all the exceptional scientists, researchers, and clinicians who have served as reviewers and have been an integral part of our community.

The May 2023 parliamentary and presidential elections in Türkiye were held in the 100th year of the establishment of the republican system, which is the basis for examining the political, religious and identity parameters for understanding the politics and statehood in this country. The electoral results and rivalries among different coalitions and parties in Türkiye can be analyzed and understood in a historical process and based on the type of their discourse. The aim of this study is to examine the change in political discourse in Türkiye as a result of the 2023 elections and its impact on the future of political activities in the country. The research methodology is discourse analysis based on Laclau and Mouffe's theory of discourse. Because, the semantic elements that were formed during the electoral campaign rivalries played a role in the political arrangement of the parliament and Recep Tayyip Erdogan's victory. Assuming the change in the Turkish political discourse and relying on the discourse analysis approach, the study seeks to shed light on the analysis data in these elections which show the compatibility of the elements of the two competing discourses of nationalism and Islamism. Meanwhile, political pluralism in the thoughts of the opposition front has provided the ground for multiple discourses in Türkiye. How the semantic system of each of these discourses adapts to religious values and respect for national symbols and acceptance of the principles of democracy and secularism based on the cultural identity of the Turkish nation has an impact on their lives.

Wetlands, as temporary or permanent water reservoirs, provide various benefits for the ecosystem, such as water supply, waste water treatment, and dust control. By the end of 2023, the Iranian government and the Ramsar Convention have registered 25 international and 226 national wetlands. West Azerbaijan and Mazandaran provinces have more wetland ecosystems than any other provinces. Semnan, Yazd, and Zanjan provinces have no wetlands. According to the Ramsar Convention of 1971, Iran has 32 aquatic ecosystems that have the potential to become wetland. In addition, according to the available data and the WHO standard, eight wetlands have the highest probability of producing dust and should be given more attention and care. We recommend the wetland management plan, which ensures their water requirements, protects them from degradation and pollution, and promotes their ecological restoration. Satellite image analysis can help explore how climate change affects dust intensity, considering the role of wetlands in dust control.

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Following Israel's declaration of independence in 1948 and the coalition of Arab states neighboring Israel, including Egypt, Syria, Iraq and Lebanon against Israel, the first war between Arabs and Israelis, known as the War of Independence, began. Since then, the conflicts and tensions between Israel and Palestine, including the wars of 1956, 1967 and 1973, have been continuous and continue until now. However, the conflicts related to October 2023 have taken a different form, so the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestinian Refugees (UNRWA) announced in a report that 2023 will be the "bloodiest year" for Palestinians in the West Bank since 2005. It is time to start recording and documenting the number of victims of Israeli army attacks and Jewish settlers by the United Nations. The killing of thousands of Palestinians and the displacement of more than one million people and how the international community reacts to the events that are taking place have put the effectiveness of international legal rules in the balance of "rule of law" and "rule of force". Therefore, analyzing the dimensions of this conflict from the perspective of international criminal law is important. The problem of this research is that; is it possible to accept the claim of committing war crimes or the crime of genocide by Israel and accept the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court? The current research with the descriptive-analytical method and to develop international law literature with the approach of "resistance" seeks to evaluate these issues and seeks to provide solutions that "power" is subordinate to "laws" and not "laws" as a tool for the justification of actions is due to power.

Turkey's policies have undergone various ebbs and flows over the past two decades. These policies have been characterized by both friendly relations with neighbors and inference in the internal affairs of certain countries, including Syria. These changes fall under the broader strategic objectives of the Turkish government, which require further examination. This article aims to investigate the reasons behind Turkey's strategic policy shift towards Syria. The significance of Syria's position in Turkey's regional political-security strategy has influenced the Erdogan government's change in strategy. This article addresses the question of the impact of Erdogan's policy shift towards Syria on Turkey's strategic policies in the region. The research findings, based on an explanatory-analytical approach using secondary data, indicate several reasons, including Erdogan's perceptual-psychological nature and personality, his inclination to enhance Turkey's position, the internal political and economic instability, as well as national security concerns, particularly in dealing with Kurdish groups. These factors have constrained the Turkish government to adopt a new policy towards Syria. This shift of policy will change Turkey's strategies in the Middle East and cause it to abandon its neo-Ottomanist policies. The economic instability of Turkey, national security considerations, the long border between the two countries, the issue of the Kurds, terrorism, and the presence of millions of Syrian refugees in Turkey are all significant factors in this strategic shift. Currently, Turkey is more pragmatic in changing its neo-Ottomanist policies.

2Background and Objectives: The optimal food basket is a scientific and powerful tool for developing food and nutrition policies, executive planning and assessment of programs to ensure food security and maintain the nutritional health of the community. This cross-sectional study was carried out with the aim of a) revising the optimal food basket of Iranians-2013 based on the principles of sustainable food and nutrition systems as a guide for policy making in the field of food and nutrition; and b) compiling a thrifty optimal food basket of Iran-2023 as a necessary tool in welfare and social support studies and planning.  Materials & Methods: After collecting opinions of experts and stakeholders from various fields, data of the reports on the comprehensive study of the food consumption patterns and the nutritional status of the Iranian households and individuals, 2017–2018, and information of the statistics center (quantity of consumption of food groups by people, quantitative share of food items, average and price range of food groups, necessary quantities of energy, macronutrients and micronutrients) as well as the Iranian food composition table were used as inputs of the model. Energy, protein and nutrients were defined for age and sex groups based on the latest WHO/FAO references as 100% of the energy needs in the optimal food basket, at least 95% of the energy requirements and 80% of the key nutrients (vitamin B2, vitamin A, Fe and Ca) for the thrifty food basket were covered. Considerations of national and international dietary guidelines promoting health and preventing diseases included fats, 15–30%; carbohydrates, 55–75%; proteins, 10–15%; saturated fatty acid, less than 10%; simple sugars, less than 10% energy; and total vegetables and fruits, more than 400 g. Solver was used as a Microsoft Excel add-in program to optimize the optimal and thrifty food basket values. To apply sustainability considerations, two environmental indicators of water and carbon footprint were calculated for the baskets. Results: The recommended per capita quantities of food in grams per day for the optimum food basket of Iran-1402 included bread, 290; rice, 70; pasta, 25; legumes and nuts, 30; potatoes, 70; vegetables and fruits, 200; red meat, 30; white meat (chicken and fish), 60; eggs, 40; dairies, 300; vegetable oils, 35; and sugar, 30. In the key micronutrients, riboflavin and vitamin A were provided more than the necessary quantity and iron and calcium in a range of 80–85% of the requirement. The optimal food basket designed-2023 included 5% less water footprint and 2% less carbon footprint than that the optimal food basket did for 2013. Mild increases in the environmental sustainability of the optimal food basket-2023 was majorly due to decreases in the share of meats, fruits and rice and increases in the share of legumes, compared to the food basket-2013. Increasing the quantity of dairy products is one of the reasons that weaken the environmental sustainability of the novel optimal food basket. Conclusion: Availability of sufficient appropriate nutrition is a human right and a prerequisite for comprehensive sustainable development. Optimum and thrifty food baskets include a big step towards a healthier and more prosperous future for everyone. It is necessary to design and implement food and nutrition policies at macro-levels and continuously assessment and monitoring of their effects on the households and individuals.

The "Iranian Journal of Materials Forming (IJMF)" has turned 10 years old. This journal is an international open access journal in the fields of materials deformation and forming processes, which was established at Shiraz University in 2014. The journal is pleased to receive papers from scientists and engineers from academic and industrial areas related to all manufacturing processes. In addition, all deformations, including the elastic and plastic behaviors of materials and deformations due to failure, are part of this journal's field of interest. The quality and credibility of the journal have been ensured by appointing some of the most well-known professors in the world as members of its editorial board. In addition, the wide range of selected referees in this issue is a sign of its scientific quality. It is a matter of pride that for the third year, this journal has been successfully released quarterly and the fourth issue of the year was published in 2023.