پژوهشِ حاضر از منظرِ روش شناسی کیفی به بررسی تفاوت‎های موجود در نوعِ موسیقی مصرفی جوانان شهر تهران و تفسیر ایشان از آن می‎پردازد. جهتِ فهمِ جامعه شناسانۀ تفاوت‎های مصرفِ موسیقی جوانان این موضوع از رهگذرِ سرمایۀ فرهنگی_ که عاملانِ اجتماعی با توجه به جایگاه اجتماعی شان آن را کسب کرده‎اند،_ مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. با توجه به داده‎های متنی پژوهش، پژوهشگران از میان روش های کیفی روشِ تحلیلِ محتوای کیفی را انتخاب کرده‎اند. داده های پژوهش از طریقِ مصاحبۀ نیمه ساخت یافته با مشارکت کنندگانِ پژوهش گردآوری شده است. با توجه به اهدافِ پژوهش جریانِ انتخاب مشارکت کنندگان بر مبنای نمونه گیری هدفمند صورت یافته است. پژوهشِ حاضر تفاوت‎هایی که میان کنشگرانِ جوانِ با سرمایۀ فرهنگی متفاوت در حوزۀ مصرفِ موسیقی و تفسیر آن وجود دارد را در قالبِ مفاهیم و مقولاتی نشان داده است. این مفاهیم و مقولات عبارت‎اند از: 1. ذائقۀ تربیت شده و ذائقۀ حسی 2. هارمونی و شوریدگی 3. رهنمون‎های مذهبی: مواجۀ نقدآمیز و مواجۀ طردآمیز 4. شنیدن ناشنیدنی ها و دیدن نادیدنی ها و 5- بخشی از ما. نتایج پژوهشِ حاضر نشان می‎دهد، مادامی که کنشگرانِ اجتماعی در سطحِ بالایی از سرمایۀ فرهنگی قرار دارند، در زمینۀ مصرفِ موسیقی به سمت نوعی فرهنگ گرایی رغبت و گرایش دارند. اما در نقطۀ مقابل کسانی که سرمایۀ فرهنگی به میزان اندکی در اختیار دارند به طبیعت نزدیکتر هستند. به عبارتی، ایشان قادر نیستند خود را وارد کدهایی کنند که با آن بتوانند موسیقی هایی نظیر سنتی، کلاسیک غربی یا موسیقی باروک را بازشناسی کنند. بنابراین از دو مفهومِ محوری فرهنگ‎گرایی و طبیعت‎گرایی جهت صورت‎بندی کردند،‎توان استفاده کرد.

The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the application style of the national media (TV) by the elderly in Isfahan. Compared to other provinces, Isfahan is one of the six provinces with a higher share of the elderly population and identifying the desires, needs, and interests of the elderly in relation to national media is essential. This study was conducted to identify the thoughts, tendencies, interests, and content and time preferences, needs, and expectations regarding the provincial TV network using a semi-structured interview technique in the statistical population of elderly residents of Isfahan during the years 2010-2011.The results of the study showed that the Isfahan network has a diverse range of elderly audiences: selective, ceremonial, utilitarian, observer, participatory and non-participatory, involved and non-involved, analytical and resistant. These audiences watch television with various goals, including increasing information, learning skills, having fun, escaping from life's problems, and filling their free time. The results of the study indicate that films, various types of competitions, TV series, news, and lectures in the serious program group are of interest to the elderly audience. Also, informing the elderly news of the province, helping to improve the lifestyle, helping to strengthen the spirit, and improving the culture of behavior with the elderly are among the expectations of the Isfahan elderly audience from the provincial network.   

Background and Purpose: Geriatric age is a course in life where the elderly are subject to potential threats such as chronic diseases, isolation and seclusion, lack of social support, and accordingly mental and physical disabilities threaten their personal independence. These factors can lead to diminish the quality of life. Therefore, the quality of life of the elderly people in Sabzevar was investigated in this study.Methods and Materials: In this cross-sectional descriptive analytical study, 304 elderly of above 60 years dwelling in Sabzevar, Iran in 2010 were selected through systematic cluster sampling. The study data were collected through standardized SF-36 Health Status Questionnaire. They were analyzed through frequency tables and mean±SD, using independent t-test, oneway ANOVA and chi-square in SPSS 15. Level of significance was considered 0.05.Results: The mean quality of life was 44.9±8.7. The highest mean was associated with energy and vigor (50.6±0.5) and the lowest with general health (39.2±19.7). In general, 38.7% had a good life quality and 23.3% did not. Also, 44.4% of elderly men had unsuitable quality of life as far as pain was concerned, and 44.3% were affected with limited physical movement. No significant differences were observed between men and women as regards their limited activity, as well as social, mental and physical problems. However, there was a significant difference as to their pain.Conclusion: Since all dimensions of life quality were below 50 in the present study, the life quality of elderly people in Sabzevar, Iran can be considered unsatisfactory.

Background: Quality of life is an important issue in health care and one of the major objectives to enhance health. Because of the special needs of the elderly, their quality of life can be threatened easily. Therefore, attention to quality of life seems necessary in old ages. This study aimed to compare the quality of life among elderly people living in homes and nursing homes. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on all elderly people in nursing homes selected through multi-stage sampling. The data were collected using Leipad Elderly Quality of Life Questionnaire. Then, the data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software. Results: This study was conducted on 96 elderly individuals in Lar. The mean (SD) score of overall quality of life was 73. 98 (18. 16). Besides, quality of life was significantly higher among the elderly living in homes compared to those living in nursing homes (P<0. 001). Conclusion: The elderly who lived in nursing homes had a considerably lower quality of life compared to those living in homes. Therefore, these individuals’ quality of life has to be examined and necessary strategies have to be taken to improve it.

This study was aimed to assess grip strength of elderly people in nursing homes in Tehran. These elderly people were 60 years old or above, with no orthopedic and neurologic problem in upper extremity and they were able to perform basic activities of daily living. 109 elderly people (56 women, 53 men) were selected with stratified sampling design from four areas (North, South, East, West) of Tehran and evaluated by using standard method of hand grip strength assessment which was accepted by American Society of Hand Therapist. Average grip strength in right hand was 16.55 Kg/cm2 and in left hand 15.21 kg/cm2. Also right and left grip strength of men were greater than women (P<0.0001) and this difference was between 49.95-51.27%. In all the elderly, there was a significant difference between right and left hands (P<0.0001) and grip strength of right hand was greater than left (difference = 8.1%). In conclusion, with age increase, grip strength decreased in both hands and with increase in length and circumference of hands, grip strength increased.

Background: Increasing in elderely population, and social and economical changes in the living style, have made it difficult for many people to assume the responsibility of taking care of old aged adults in the family, consequently institutions become the inevitable home for many older adults. The aim of this study was to compare mental health of institutionalized and community living elderly in Kermanshah.Methods: The study was a cross-analysis one. One hundred and twenty seven community livings (83 male and 44 female) and the same number of institutionalized persons were selected using the convenient sampling method. General health questionnaire (GHQ-28) was used for collection of data. Data were analyzed by t test and ANOVA.Results: The institutionalized aged adults gained higher mean scores in all the four subscales of GHQ-28. The findings showed a statistically significant difference in the mean scores of depression, somatic symptoms, and social dysfunction between two groups. The women living in institutions showed more severe social dysfunction compared to the men counterparts.Conclusion: Our study revealed more frequency in depression, somatisation and social dysfunction in aged people, residents in institutions compared with home residents.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the quality of life and its dimensions among the elderly people who were living at homes, private or public nursing homes of the city of Tehran.Materials and methods: This research was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of 96 aged people in three groups of living at homes, in private and public nursing homes in the city of Tehran, whom were selected according to the research criteria. Data were collected using Demographic and LEIPAD quality of life questionnaires. Kolmogorove-smimov, One way ANOVA, Independent T-test, Kruskal-wallis, and X2 were used for analyzing data.Results: The score of quality of life of the elderly living at theirhomes (65.57) was significantly higher than the score of subjects living in private (50.64) and public nursing homes (51.30). There was a significant difference in the score of dimensi9ns of physical and social functioning and life satisfaction as well as self-care of elderly people living at homes and the elderly living in private and public nursing homes (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the "quality of life" score of male and female elderly in all three groups of the research.Conclusion: The elderly people living at homes have a better quality of life in comparison with their peers living in private and public nursing homes in the city of Tehran.

Background: Improvement of medical care and decreasing of mortality, have lead to an increase in ageing in Iranian population. The main goal of Active ageing is improving the quality of life. Physical activity is one of the factors that is important to achieve a good quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical activity of the elderly in Isfahan.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out on 350 old residents of Isfahan, Iran between the years 2009-2010. Multi stage cluster sampling technique was used to collect the sample population.Rapid assessment of physical activity (RAPA) questionnaire was used to investigate the amount of physical activity. The demographic data such as age, sex, education, job and marital status were obtained and results were analyzed by SPSS15 software.Findings: Only 13.7% of the studied population had an adequate physical activity. The frequency of adequate physical activity was significantly higher in men, those with higher levels of income, those who were married or had a lower age or were unemployed. The level of education had no significant effect on the frequency of adequate physical activity.Conclusion: The level of physical activity of elderly in Isfahan is low. The high risk group mentioned in the last part need more attention to improve their physical activity.