Background: Interests in natural products are being subjected to scientific method of testing. The use of Aloe Vera cuts across barriers of time and culture in the treatment of a broad range of illnesses. The basis of its reputation resides mainly with steadfast belief in claims of its cuRATive properties, but without hard scientific evidence.Materials and Methods: Thirty three adult MALE RATs were divided into three groups. Experimental groups received Aloe Vera aqueous leaf extract orally for 60 days in two different sublethal doses; of 60 mg/kg, and 120 mg/kg body weight of aqueous extract of Aloe Vera respectively; while, the control received equal volume of distilled water for the duRATion of a complete spermatogenic cycle.Results: The administRATion of the aqueous extract of of Aloe Vera aqueous leaf extract resulted in a significant decrease in testis weight in the two experimental groups in comparison to the control group but had no effect on body or organ weight. The extract of this plant caused a decrease of the following in the two experimental groups, compared to the control group: sperm count, motility and normal morphology, pregnancy RATe and diameter and wall thickness of seminiferous tubules. Also, distortion of morphology of the seminiferous tubules and arrest in spermatogenesis was observed in the experimental groups. In addition, the percentage of sperm with damaged chromatin integrity was significantly higher in the two experimental groups.Conclusion: From the present study, we can conclude that Aloe Vera aqueous leaf extract acts as an anti-fertility agent RATher than other herbalists.

Background: Infertility is an active disability. MALE factors account for 50% of infertility cases. Disruption of sperm function and damage to spermatogenesis are among of the most common causes of MALE infertility. Anatomical trauma or anatomical defects in the reproductive system and the use of drugs to treat diseases can disrupt the production of sperm and infertility in men. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of diazepam on fertility in men. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 MALE Wistar RATs, weighing 200-250 g, were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups of 6: control and treatment groups with injectable doses of 2 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, 4 mg/kg, and 1 mg/kg5, and the injections were proportional to the weight of the RATs, in the amount of 0. 18 ml / 0, 1. 0 ml / ml, 0. 16 ml / ml, and 0. 2 ml / ml. Serum physiology was injected for the control group. Then, the anesthetized RATs, testicular, vas deferens, and epididymis were examined for examination, testis, sperm motility, and live sperm count. The results were analyzed using Minitab and Anova tests with significance level set at P <0. 05. Results: The results of weight control showed that large and small testicles, percentage of sperm, and sperm count with forward mobility, compared with those of control group decreases in injectable groups at a dose of 3 mg / kg in all factors other than the number of sperm with forward mobility. In other groups, only testicular weight decreased significantly in mg / kg2 (P <0. 01). Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that diazepam with injectable dose of 3 mg / kg had a decreasing effect on the effective parameters on fertility.

Introduction: Clobazam is an anticonvulsant drug. Its side effects on reproductive functions have not been sufficiently studied. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of clobazam on pituitary-gonad axis and spermatogenesis in adult MALE RATs.Materials and Methods: 40 adult MALE RATs wistar strain were randomly divided into five groups. Animals in group1 (Control group) were injected with any treatment. Animals in group2 (Sham group) received the three-component solvent (propylenglycol, ethanol and distilled water in a RATio of 5: 2: 3) in a corresponding volume, i.e.1ml/kg.bw.Animals in groups 3, 4, and 5 received clobazam (dissolved in solvent), respectively, in doses of 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg.bw/day i.p. for 21 days. At the end of the study, blood gonadotropins (LH and FSH) levels as well as testosterone of RATs in five groups were determined. The animals were sacrificed, then, spermatogram and histological changes of their testes were studied under light microscope.Results: The results show that in clobazam treated groups, particular experimental group 3, blood testosterone levels were significantly decreased as compared to the control group. Plasma concentRATions of LH, FSH assayed and there were no significant differences among the clobazam treated groups as compared with control group. Body weight in clobazam treated relatively increased. However, sperm density and testes weight were not different from those of the control group.Conclusion: These findings indicate that clobazam has a relative suppressive influence on reproductive function in RATs. We suggest that clobazam directly affects production of testosterone in leydig cells or centrally increased estradiol biosynthesis subsequently lowered testosterone levels by negative feedback.

Background: Anxiety is a common disease in the society. Several neurotransmitters. The aim of this study was to investigate indirect effect of dopamine on anxiety in RAT.Methods: In this experimental study, eight MALE RATs were divided into control and experimental groups. The control group received saline and the tested groups received different IP doses of drugs haloperidol (dopamine receptor antagonist), SKF38393 (dopamineD1 receptor agonist) and quinpirol (dopamine D2receptor agonist). For studying of anxiety-like and antianxiety effects Vogels conflict test and Elevate plus-maze (EP-M) test were used.Findings: Injection of different doses of haloperidol in RATs could increase the number of times of passing through place of received shock by appaRATus in comparison with control group in Vogels test. In EP-M test, injection of 0.04 mg/kg of haloperidol increased the number of entrance to open arm and time spent on arm comparing to the control group. Quinpirol diminished the number of times of passing through place of receiving shock in comparison with control group in Vogels test. In EP-M test in dose 1 mg/kg number of entrance to open arm and the time spent on arm decreased comparing to the control group.Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that by increasing the doses of haloperidol, the effect of this antagonist has been significant and diminished anxiety. The SKF38393 and Quinpirol by occupying their own dopamine receptor D1, D2 had an effect like endogenous dopamine and made the RATs anxious.