By placing the reinforcing elements, the shear strength of the soil improves. Several studies have been carried out on reinforcing of coarse grained soils, and less has been done on fine-grained soils. Researches show that the shear strength of fine grained soil-geosynthetics is weaker than the coarse soils and should be to improve its interaction with reinforcing elements. In this research, soils with about 80% passing the No. 200 sieve and two types of non-woven geotextiles have been used. Shear strength of soil was considered by adding polypropylene waste fibers with 0. 2%, 0. 7% and 1. 2% by weight of dry soil. Shear strength of soil –,geotextile determined by large direct shear machine and some of these tests were done in vertical loading –,reloading conditions. Experimental results show that vertical loading –,reloading conditions increase interface shear strength. Addition of 0. 7% fibers increase interface shear strength up to 15% and 9% in loading –,without reloading and loading-reloading conditions, respectively. Also increasing of normal stress in loading step, geotextile with higher tension strength and reduction of moisture content are factors improving shear strength of soil-geotextile in this study.

Aspirin is considered a cornerstone medication among patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD). There is a lack of evidence regarding aspirin reloading in CAD patients who are already receiving aspirin therapy. We performed this systematic review to address this gap of knowledge. A systematic review on PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was conducted from inception until July 15, 2024. Two authors independently performed study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment. Means differences (MD) were used in a meta-analysis of related outcomes from the studies. Our review included four studies enrolling 1187 individuals with CAD and chronic aspirin use before admission. The results of this systematic review found that aspirin reloading is significantly associated with a reduction of thromboxane B2 (MD, -17.46; 95% CI, -19.61 to -15.32; P<0.00001; I2=0%). Additionally, our findings revealed the beneficial effects of aspirin loading on thromboxane B2 -related platelet reactivity and myocardial injury indexes. No significant adverse outcomes, such as bleeding and increased mortality, were observed among the study groups. In conclusion, aspirin reloading can improve cardiovascular outcomes with a good safety profile among CAD individuals. However, further randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are still needed to provide robust evidence.

The cyclic stress-strain behavior of FRP-confined concrete columns is a key aspect of their performance, particularly in the context of seismic retrofitting and design. Significant research has been conducted in recent years to study the cyclic response of FRP-confined concrete in both circular and rectangular columns subjected to unloading and reloading cycles. These studies have led to the development of various cyclic stress-strain models to predict the behavior of FRP-confined concrete columns under such loading conditions.However, critical gaps remain in the modeling of early-stage unloading strains, reloading slope reduction, and cross-section-dependent behavior. This paper begins by introducing the fundamental components of cyclic stress-strain behavior. It then reviews and evaluates the existing models proposed for each aspect of this behavior, focusing on comparing their predictions with experimental data. Furthermore, modifications are suggested for components of the cyclic models that exhibit discrepancies when validated against experimental observations. These include a proposed reloading slope factor and refined unloading path formulations. These improvements aim to enhance the accuracy and reliability of cyclic stress-strain models for FRP-confined concrete columns, contributing to their effective application in structural design and seismic resilience.

In this paper, numerical methods are utilized to investigate the analyses of the elastic and inelastic cyclic behavior of nine reinforced concrete columns having various reinforcement configurations under cyclic compressive load. The response curves of the columns are compared with that of experimental results. In this research, tow main and important concrete mechanical properties "cohesion" and "internal friction angle" are used for the analysis. To evaluate these parameters it is possible to utilize the only one single parameter as the concrete compression strength and the relevant equation proposed in this work. The results exhibit that the specimen's behavioral model for the complete period of loading and unloading regime, is affected by the complete stress-strain curve of concrete under monotonic load.

Modelling and simulation of the response of a structure under different conditions requires statistical data from the material behavior. Concrete, as a non-homogenous material has a complex behavior pattern. The loading condition and the ingredients of mix compositions affect the concrete behavior. In order to accurately predict the structural response of concrete members by finite element analysis, the effect of materials used on the behavior of concrete under various loading conditions should be determined. Hence, this research investigates the improvement of the material properties of lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) for structural applications and deals with the effects of nano-silica (NS) and steel fibers on the compressive behaviour of LWAC under cyclic loading. The key parameters of compressive stress-strain curve under cyclic loading, namely reloading and unloading curves, common point, plastic strain, unloading and reloading strains were investigated. Results showed that the cyclic compressive behavior of lightweight concrete was affected by nano-silica and fiber reinforcement. According to the experimental findings, empirical stress-strain models were proposed considering the effects of NS and steel fiber to simulate the structural behavior of concrete. The comparative studies indicated an acceptable agreement between the experimental data and proposed models for cyclic compressive stress-strain curve.

This paper presents an experimental investigation of the shear behaviour of UD fibre glass epoxy under cyclic loading. Experimental data of such materials under loading cycles, involving loading, unloading, reversed loading, unloading from reversed loading and reloading, are essential. Cyclic rail shear fixture (CRSF) as a modified version of ASTM D 4255/D 4255 M fixture has been used in this study. Some specimens tested under low cycle fatigue loading. The results of nonlinearity and level of damage in these specimens are considerable. In part II, a model applies to any phase of the cyclic loading up to failure. The model has been compared with test results. Excellent agreements between the prediction and experimental results have been observed in all respects.

Residual heat removal system starts operating after the reactor shut down due to an accident or at the normal operation for the fuel reloading or because of the regular maintenance. Those are taken into account among the emergency core cooling system (ECCS) duties. In this work, a novel technique has been offered for the effective core cooling of power portable reactors, which is based on the thermal exchange between hot coolant and cryogen bath. The optimum mixture of ethylene glycol and carbonic powder creates an equilibrium low temperature bath which enables us to drop the hot water temperature down to desired stable temperature. It depends on the operating permanents such as the volumetric ratio of fluids to be cooled to the coolant (VR), initial temperature of hot water, flow rate and dry ice loading.

Generating and processing of spatial data for positioning of critical facilities increase the passive defence capability and security index, while decreasing the effects of possible attacks, significantly. Nowadays, accessing to satellite images with higher resolutions, due to the more accurate results, is an attractive issue in the field of defence systems. In this paper, a push broom imaging system has been implemented which is capable of receiving commands, storing and reloading images. The scanning-based camera plus an improved super-resolution algorithm will result in an output super-resolved image, in comparison with initial input. The proposed algorithm which incorporates less erroneous frames in the reconstruction process has been applied on the real-world camera outputs. Visual evaluation, the Q-Metric and CPBD factors show that the performance of our algorithm is better than the other methods.

Ceramics are hard and brittle and typically exhibit higher compressive strength than metals. Because most of the ceramics reveal only elastic strains to failure, accurate measurement of these strains using the traditional SHPB technique is often not a trivial task. In this paper, the limitations of this technique for testing ceramics and the modifications necessary such as strain gaging the specimen, sandwiching the specimen between high-strength impedance matching inserts to avoid indentation into the bars and also using the “momentum-trap”assembly to avoid the reloading of the specimen are expressed. Other topics discussed in this paper include maximum strain rate that can be obtained in ceramics using an SHPB, the necessity of incident pulse shaping, using a tapered striker, specimen design considerations, and the effectiveness of the proposed modifications on the strain gage records by simulating in finite - element code ABAQUS/Explicit.