Perception and issues related to the quality of its attainment are crucial in Avicenna's philosophical discussions. He stands as the lone Muslim philosopher attempting to present a coherent theory on forgetting and recalling. Examining the possibility of forgetting and recalling in any scientific subject, and their occurrence for all people, is of utmost importance from the standpoint of epistemology in Avicennan philosophy. This aspect has been investigated in the present research in an analytical-descriptive manner. The questions addressed in this research include: What is the truth behind recalling and forgetting, the degrees of each, and the distinction between recalling and learning? Avicenna's discussions in this field are grounded in his theory about obtaining forms and their entrance into the mind from the outside world, as well as his categorization of different types of sensory, imaginary, apprehensive, and intellectual perceptions. Forgetting is a common attribute among humans and some animals, while recalling scientific forms is unique to humans. The non-materiality of imagination power and its perceptions, coupled with sensory evidence, fundamentally challenges Avicenna's perspective in this field. Learning is the acquisition of a new scientific form, marking a transition from the unknown to the known. On the other hand, recalling involves re-perceiving the scientific form that was previously apprehended.

This study was conducted aimed to identify the relationship between organizational forgetting and resistance to change. This study statistical population consisted of the administration's cooperation. The statistical sample has been selected consisted of 200 employees of this department that sampling method stratified random proportional to population size.Method of this research is descriptive study, in kinds of the correlation, with purpose from the applied research. Accordingly, for measure the basic concepts of research, Resistance to Change questionnaire of Wayne et al (2001) and Organizational Forgetting questionnaire with reliance on the "Holen and Philips" model (2004) were used. Reliability of questionnaires with Cranach' alpha, respectively for the two variables, was calculated to be 0.84 and 0.83, and accepted. Test validity too, with two methods of content validity and construct validity using, results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and the KMO index was confirmed.Final results of research, showed significant relationship between organizational Forgetting and its dimensions (Intentional Forgetting, Accidentally Forgetting) with Resistance to Change is studied.

This paper seeks to analyze new forms of alienation in the postmodern era. To this end, following an explanation of “, postmodern era”,and theories generated in this era, concepts of "alienation" and "postmodern alienation" will be explored. Finally, an explanation is offered of the genesis of “, postmodern alienation”, . This paper argues that in postmodern era the concept of “, difference”,became the most central theme in both social theories and new social movements. By questioning modern meta-narratives, postmodernism sought to recognize the particular, the marginal and the cultural. In this era, theorizing about the concept of “, difference”,was simultaneous with blacks, women, postcolonial and other social movements. Focus on “, difference, ”,however, resulted in the emergence of forms of knowledge and consciousness incapable of acknowledging similarities with others. Consequently, “, postmodern alienation”,prevents both social theories and social movements from understanding the logic of neoliberal capitalism and its ties with cultural postmodernism.