The behavior of concrete subjected to impact load, is different compared to the behavior under static loading. A test program was carried out to determine static and dynamic properties of rubberized concrete. In this study, waste tire rubber particles were replaced with fine aggregate in concrete mixture in 3 sizes, 0-1, 1-3 and 3-5 mm and in volume ratio of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%. Static and dynamic tests are done with hydraulic and drop hammer machines. Results of compressive and flexural strength, velocity of ultrasonic wave, Static and dynamic modulus of elasticity, strain and Static and absorption energy of rubberized concrete are determined. The results indicated that: larger rubber particles in replacement of sand have better results than smaller sizes. Also increased in rubber content, decreased the unit weight, compressive strength and static and dynamic modulus of elasticity of rubberized concrete. Using rubber particles in concrete significantly increased the ductility and strain capacity of concrete. In addition in this study equation of impact test with using mass-spring modelling, was determined.

Structures might be subjected to impulse loads such as impact loads in their usefull lifetime. Production of new materials that are shown less vulnerable to sudden shocks and vibrations, is an issue that should be considered. Concrete is a brittle material and when is exposed to dynamic loads, in addition to its injury, it may cause damage to the environment due to disintegration. In this study, waste rubber particles were replaced with fine aggregate in concrete mixture in 3 sizes, 0-1, 1-3 and 3-5 mm and in volume ratio of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%. First, with compressive strength test, optimum sizes of rubber particles were obtained, then silica fume and polypropylene fiber were added to concrete mixture that contained optimum size of rubber particles. In addition, compressive strength, dry unit weight, velocity of ultrasonic wave, impact with drop hammer and gas gun device test were done. The results show that, adding rubber particles to concrete mixture decreases compressive strength but increases ductility. Also, silica fume because of pozzolanic properties increased adhesive in concrete matrix, so the increased strength of concrete and polypropylene fiber increased the ductility of concrete.

The acidic and corrosive environments have necessitated the need for more research on the new concrete that uses cement or aggregates substitutes in their mixing design. The use of waste tires in concrete as part of concrete aggregates has been evaluated and researched in recent years. In this paper, the strength and permeability of concrete containing crumbed tires exposed to sulfuric acid were investigated. For this purpose, 5, 10, and 15% of the sand of the concrete mixing design were replaced with the crumbed tire. After making the concrete, the samples were cured in standard conditions for up to 7 days and then placed in water containing 5% sulfuric acid to continue the curing. The compression strength and water penetration depth tests were performed on the samples at 28 and 90 days. Although the compressive strength of the samples has decreased with increasing the percentage of crumbedtire, the percentage of crumbed-tire has not had much effect on the amount of difference due to changing curing conditions. The permeability of the concrete increased with increasing the percentage of crumbed-tire and also the samples stored in sulfuric acid showed more permeability. Permeability increased by 13% by changing the curing environment to sulfuric acid.

Nowadays, one of the main problems of human being is the protection of the environment against the presence of waste materials. Every year millions of tires are discarded, thrown away or buried all over the world. One of these waste materials, waste tires are. Wired tires are made of rubber particles and steel fibers. Past research has shown that rubber particles and recycled steel fiber from waste tire, can be used in concrete. This type of steel fibers can have a positive effect on the mechanical properties of concrete. Rubber particles in concrete reduce the compressive strength. In some studies, it has been shown that rubber particles increase or decrease the abrasion resistance of concrete, and even the size of the rubber particles also affect the abrasion resistance of concrete. In this research, simultaneous application of powder and crumb rubber, wire and recycled steel fibers from waste tire in concrete mixture, has been investigated to study the abrasion and compressive strengths and unit weight of concrete. In this research, in 12 mixing designs, replacing of powder and crumb rubber with sand to the amount 9%, 13. 5%, 18%, 22. 5% and 27% by volume of sand and adding 0. 5% by volume of wire and recycled steel fibers from waste tire has been used. In all designs, the cement cutie is 380 and the ratio of water to cement is 0. 47 constant. In this research, different samples are compared with the control sample. Compressive strength were performed after 7 and 28 days. Also, abrasive resistance and weight per unit volume were performed after 28 days. The results of the experiments show that rubber particles with a fine gradation will have a better impact on the abrasion resistance. But this is not so that about compressive strength and it reduces more resistance. Based on the results, adding 0. 5% recycled steel fibers with a length ratio to high diameter to concrete containing 9% of powder and crumb rubber, reduction in compressive strength improves and cause increased abrasion resistance. But the adding steel wire to concrete containing powder and crumb rubber reduces the abrasion resistance. Use the powder and crumb rubber with 0. 5% recycled steel fibers, reduces the compressive strength and by increasing the amount of powder and crumb rubber, reduction of resistance will be more. The abrasion resistance of concrete containing powder and crumb rubber with with 0. 5% recycled steel fibers is increased relative to the control concrete. By increasing the powder and crumb rubber content, the abrasion resistance increases, but this upward trend occurs to a certain percentage of powder and crumb rubber replacement with sand, and then the percentage of increasing abrasion resistance decreases. By increasing the powder and crumb rubber, weight loss will be increased. From this perspective, it causes the lightness of concrete which can be the advantage of using these waste materials in concrete. The abrasion resistance of concrete containing 9% of powder and crumb rubber with 0. 5% recycled steel fibers has increased up to 37. 5% relative to the control concrete.

The main purpose of this study is to experimental investigation the properties of concrete containing recycled concrete aggregates and waste rubber with micro silica. For this purpose, recycled concrete aggregates in the amount of 0%, 25%, 50% and 100% by weight have replaced with coarse aggregate and micro-silica at the amount of 10% by weight have replaced with cement. Also, in two specimens with 50% recycled concrete aggregate, first without micro silica and second with micro silica, waste rubber with 30% by volume of fine aggregate has been replaced and used. In the next step, the amount of slump, compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, stress-strain curve, density and permeability of the specimens are evaluated. The results of this study show that the presence of recycled aggregates reduces the compressive strength from 3.2% to 14.5% and also adding waste rubber powder to the specimen with 50% recycled aggregates reduces the compressive strength to the 71% compared to the reference specimen (specimen with natural aggregates and without micro-silica). All specimens with micro silica have higher compressive strength than similar specimens without micro silica. The highest compressive strength is related to the specimen with 25% recycled aggregate and micro silica, which is 9.6% higher than the reference specimen. Specimens containing 50% recycled aggregate in the presence and absence of waste rubber powder have 55 and 72% lower tensile strength and 30 and 67% lower flexural strength, respectively, than the reference specimen. The lowest water absorption is for the specimen without recycled aggregates with micro silica at the amount of 0.5%.

With the advancement of technology in the world, industrial waste has become one of the most important environmental challenges. Deformation and reuse of these wastes is one of the ways to improve the sustainable state of the environment. Glass and rubber are among the most widely used materials in the world, which due to their nature have a lot of wastes. Waste tires cause a lot of environmental pollution due to their non-degradable materials. The use of waste glass and rubber in the construction industry can be a good solution in reusing waste materials. Concrete, on the other hand, is one of the most widely used materials in the construction industry, and the addition of rubber and glass crumb to concrete can improve some of its mechanical and dynamic properties. Of course, heat resistance of materials is one of the features that is effective in the type of application. Adding waste rubber and glass to concrete, of course, depending on their amount and size can increase the heat resistance of concrete to some extent. In this research, the effect of replacing small and large aggregates with rubber and also glass powder with cement in concrete at ambient temperature and high temperature has been studied. The size of rubber used in concrete in two categories is 1 to 3 mm and 5 to 10 mm, which are replaced by fine-grained and coarse-grained, respectively, with replacement values ​​of 0, 5 and 10%. The size of the glass used is smaller than 75 microns and it can be replaced with cement with 0, 10, 15 and 20% replacement values. Shredded truck tires and powdered construction glass were used. In this study, cubic specimens were made into 15 x 15 x 15 cm specimens and cylindrical specimens with a diameter of 15 cm and a height of 30 cm were made according to the standards and processed for 28 days in optimal conditions. After processing, the number of cubic and cylindrical specimens was subjected to compressive and tensile tests. A number of other samples were placed in an electric furnace and heated to 600 ° C as standard. After removing the samples from the furnace, they were naturally placed at room temperature for 24 hours and then they were tested for the Residual compressive and tensile strength. The microstructure of concrete containing glass and rubber was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results of this study showed that adding rubber and glass to concrete causes a decreases compressive strength and increases tensile strength. The D10C10 design, which has the highest compressive strength, has a resistance reduction of about 12% compared to the reference design. The highest tensile strength of heated samples is related to D5C15 design, which is about 43% higher than the heated reference design. By comparing the sum of heated and unheated samples, it can be seen that heat at 600 ° C has reduced the compressive strength by an average of about 33%. In general, concrete made with 10% replacement of rubber instead of coarse in unheated samples and 15% glass instead of cement in heated samples showed better properties. Also, in the study of concrete microstructure, adhesion between rubber and concrete was appropriate.

Background and Objective: The significant growth in global vehicle usage has introduced various environmental challenges, particularly the management of waste tires. Due to their long decomposition time and the environmental hazards associated with their accumulation, waste tires pose a severe threat to ecosystems. A sustainable approach to mitigating these adverse effects involves the partial replacement of fine and coarse aggregates in concrete with waste tires. However, existing research on the impact of waste tire utilization on the mechanical properties of concrete remains limited, and global trends in this field have not been sufficiently analyzed. This study aims to evaluate the potential of waste tires for improving the mechanical properties of concrete and to analyze global trends in this innovative approach. Materials and Methods: To assess the effects of crumb and powdered tires on the compressive strength and workability of concrete, the Taguchi experimental design method and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were employed. Additionally, data from the Scopus database were analyzed using VOSviewer software to evaluate research trends and scientific collaborations related to waste tire utilization in concrete. Results: Using optimal ratios of crumb and powdered tires enables the production of concrete with suitable compressive strength. The coefficients of determination (R²) for the 7-day compressive strength, 28-day compressive strength, and workability were 92.41%, 97.82%, and 80.07%, respectively. Bibliometric analysis revealed that China and India are leading countries in publishing scientific articles in this field, reflecting a strong research focus on the use of waste tires in concrete. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that incorporating waste tires into concrete can be an effective approach to enhancing its mechanical properties. However, developing innovative technologies to optimize mixtures and improve the long-term durability of concrete remains crucial. Moreover, the bibliometric results highlight the importance of fostering greater international and multidisciplinary research in this area. Such efforts can contribute to advancing sustainable technologies in the construction industry.

In this research، in order to study the effect of using PET on the performance of asphalt concrete containing rubber modified and unmodified binder، PET particles were added into the mixtures in different dosages of 0، 2، 4، 6، 8 and 10% (by the weight of binder). After determination of the optimum binder content of the mixtures، the specimens were made and subjected to Marshall، indirect tensile and dynamic creep tests. The dynamic creep tests were performed using a universal testing machine (UTM-10) by applying a vertical stress of 300kPa at a temperature of 40° C، to investigate the resistance against permanent deformation. Results show that adding PET into the mixtures improves the Marshall stability and Marshall Quotient compared with those for the control mixture. However، the trend of variation with PET content is different for the unmodified and rubber modified mixtures. While the Marshall stability and Marshall quotient increase with increasing PET content in the rubber modified asphalt concrete، they reach to the highest value by adding 4% of PET into the unmodified mixture، and after that they decrease with increase of PET content. The indirect tensile test results show that the indirect tensile strength (ITS) of the mixtures made by rubber modified and unmodified binder and containing air voids content within 6. 5 to 7. 5%، reaches to its highest value by adding 2% of PET. However، for the mixtures containing air voids content within 3-5% ITS decreases with increasing PET content. Dynamic creep tests reveal that the resistance against permanent deformation decreases with increasing PET content in both mixtures، with a lower reduction in the mixtures made by rubber modified binder. Comparing the results of Marshall Quotient and dynamic creep tests show that the deformation behavior of PET modified mixtures is different under static and dynamic loading. While، the mixtures resistance against deformation under static loading is improved، under dynamic loading they show less resistance than the control mixtures. Also، results of this research show that PET is less effective on the rubber modified mixtures than the unmodified mixtures.

Tires and waste glass are long-lasting pollutants in nature. One of the ways to recycle waste glass and rubber is to use it in concrete, which will result in minimal extraction of natural minerals. Many engineering structures are exposed to fire hazards, and therefore it is necessary to know the mechanical properties of concrete materials at high temperatures. In this research, waste glass and rubber were used as a substitute for a part of natural fine grain (sand). The size of glass particles is between 0.2-0.85 mm and with percentages of 5%, 10% and 15% and the size of rubber particles is between 3-5 mm by volume and with percentages of 5% and 10%, replacying fine aggregates. In total, 12 mixing plans were made, and from each mixing plan, 3 cubic and cylindrical specimens were made with different percentages of glass and rubber. The compressive and tensile strength, workability, weight loss, ratio of residual compressive and tensile strength of the specimens were measured at ambient temperature and at 600 °C and the average values were evaluated. In terms of appearance, after applying heat, the color of the specimens became darker and hairline cracks were widely visible on the concrete surfaces. As expected, with increasing the rubber, the compressive strength of the speciemns decreased. After applying heat, the resistance drop of all specimens was higher than the ambient temperature state. With the increase in the rubber, the resistance decreased more, which can be attributed to the burning and destruction of rubber particles and the appearance of small holes and porosity in concrete. With increasing glass percentage, the trend of compressive strength was slightly improved. The results showed that the combined design of 5% glass and 5% rubber is the optimal design and has a more appropriate performance than other designs.