The main issue of the Christian Rights Movement and American Foreign Policy by Mohammad Jamshidi is the impact of the Christian Right Movement on US foreign policy. The process of critique of the work has been done in four sections: form and content, positive features and shortcomings. The book's positive features formally include explicit goals, coherent introduction, logical conclusions of the end of the chapter, and the simplicity and validity of the text. Positive content features include research innovation, use of new and valid sources, and coordination of content with its fundamentals. The shortcomings include lack of coherence in the table of contents, lack of use of the table, the graph and the image in the presentation of concepts, lack of semantic communication between the final conclusions and the structure of the research completely. Content shortcomings include lack of an appropriate theoretical framework, lack of an analysis of the relationship between religion and politics in the United States, lack of an specific look at the relationship between the environment, politics and religion in the United States, an analysis of the environmental and related international organizations and the necessity of analyzing the logical connection between the content of the present work and its final conclusion.

After the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks the priorities in the agenda of bilateral relations of Mexico and the United States changed and new agreements like alliance for security and economic boom for North America, intelligent border letter of understanding etc. were signed between the two countries. The present paper shows that after 11September terrorist attacks “security” became the prime and most important priority in the United States foreign policy agenda with its southern neighbor. Although for Mexican party problem like emigration and economy was having greater importance. The United States for improving its lost security brought Mexico into security pacts; practically Mexico was forced to accept security pacts. In the post 11September time the economic objectives of Mexico was not accomplished within the bilateral pacts with the United States, for this reason Mexico despite the United States pressure turned to the Middle East countries to fulfill its economic priorities. As a result the tension emerged in diplomatic relations between the United States and Mexico. One of the sign of these tensions was manifested in the opposition of the Mexican statesmen to the United States military invasion of Iraq in 2003. The present article by an analytical method examines the above issue.

The geo-economic position and the extent of oil and gas reserves in Central Asia in the past two decades have given an important place to this region in international equations. Besides that, the occurrence of 11September 2001 terrorist attacks and the neighborhood of Central Asia with crises centers and issues like terrorism, cultivation and smuggling of narcotic drugs and fundamentalism have raised the geopolitical importance of the region and prepared the ground for big powers presence. The dispute between Russia and Ukraine in 2008 and 2014 and suspension of natural gas supply to European countries necessitated the search for new source of energy by European Union and they thus, turned to the expansion of relations with Central Asian countries. The sphere of relations was further expanded after the Lisbon Treaty which was an attempt to bring efficiency and coherence to EU place in international system. This convention emphasized on propagation of European values and expansion of relations of EU with the developing countries. The present article examines the causes and grounds of changing role of energy in cooperation of European Union with Central Asian countries and the role and impact of Lisbon Treaty in expansion and institutionalization of these relations in the past two decades. The main question raised by the paper is; what is the place of Central Asia in security of energy of European Union? The underlying hypothesis is the use of energy by Russia as a lever for putting pressure against European Union also the growing need of European Union for import of energy sources have prepared the ground for expansion of cooperation between the European Union and the Central Asian countries. While the relations of European Union with Russia is strained, the expansion of relations of European Union with Central Asian countries can facilitate the process of putting pressure on Russia and will lead to a better negotiating power for European Union vis-à-vis Russia. The finding of the study shows that the European Union has come to the conclusion that asymmetric and imbalanced dependence on Russia for energy and the security threat and repercussion resulted from it in recent years can be balanced by expansion of relations with Central Asian countries and diversification of sources of energy.