The Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) epidemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 is spreading worldwide and it poses major health threats to public health. It seems that understanding pathogen genome details during disease outbreaks provide crucial information leading to identification of novel treatment goals.

this study aims at making clear "community oriented policing crime prevention appropriated structure for NAJA". One of the issues which rise in this research is "what is community oriented policing crime prevention appropriated structure for NAJA?" I.R.I. law enforcement features have been considered as a system input and crime prevention community oriented policing features as output system and transformational process of police to the community oriented, to present appropriate structure by using systematic thought with considering social, cultural, economical and political fields. This study is applicable and data gathering are descriptive-analytic with regard to the research type. Data gathering tools are questionnaire prepared by researcher and statistical corpus includes commanders and I.R.I law enforcement high rank managers and crime prevention police scientific cooperators. Sampling has been done by meaning based method. The results show in proposal structural, approachable, individual and educational components improve on thoughts from present police to community oriented policing crime prevention. Also in the proposed structure, security field had bi lineal relations with social, cultural, economical and political fields with importance 0.30, 0.27, 0.23, and 0.20.

This article presents a discourse analysis method designed to study networked cognitive communication processes in knowledge communities, such as conceptual change, higher order learning and knowledge building in synchronous and asynchronous mode of online learning.Object: The method is grounded on the meaning of critical thinking and the process of meaning construction in the group to reveal the basis of collaborative critical thinking through using discussion and leading to discussion in synchronous and asynchronous mode.Method: on the basis of longitude method of research and through 2 semesters (on 42 students) the implication of Socratic Questioning Prompt (SQP) are validated It was needed to prepare the teacher to have revised on the construction of meaning in the subject to design the process of reconstruction during discussion.Finding: Relations among the skills leaded to Ct promotion as an indicator considered in California Critical Thinking Test are estimated and approved in the paper.Conclusion: It is revealed that there are relations among the mentioned skills and a process which designed in online environment to promote critical thinking ability is approachable through Socratic Questioning Prompt.

A well-planned humanitarian logistics involving rescuing people and providing on-time lifesaving facilities to disaster-affected areas can significantly mitigate the aftermath of disasters. However, damaged bridges and blocked roads can hinder last-mile deliveries in disaster-affected areas by ground vehicles only. So, in this paper, we propose a ground vehicle (GV) and unmanned air vehicle (UAV) collaborative delivery system in such areas. Here, a fleet of homogenous ground vehicles each equipped with a certain number of UAVs is deployed for last-mile deliveries. UAVs make the flight from GVs, deliver to end locations and return to the GV for battery replacement and/or start another flight. The objective of the model is to minimize the total delivery time within UAV flight endurance and payload constraints. Firstly K-means clustering algorithm has been used to cluster the disaster-affected region into different sectors. Then GV_Touring and UAV_Routing have been scheduled using nearest neighbor heuristic to serve ground approachable locations and UAV served locations respectively. Finally, the random walk based ant colony optimization-based (ACS_RW) has been developed to further optimize the overall travel time. Experimentation results show the potential benefits of the proposed algorithm over other available truck-drone collaborative transportation models.

Deep knowledge, understanding of the text, and finding underground semantic layers require applying scientific, systematic tools. One of these tools presented in Schleiermacher’, s hermeneutics theory (1768-1834) is a psychological interpretation used in the present article in the form of an epistemic paradigm named psychological paradigm. The achievement of focusing on this paradigm is to present scientific solutions to Nahj-al-Balaghe’, s interpreter to infer meaning from Nahj-al-Balaghe’, s text. The psychological paradigm is established by adopting particular approach concepts’,including author individuality, author humanity, and discourse space dominant in the author’, s epoch. The present article aims to explain features of Imam Ali (AS)’, s individuality concerning the strategic concept of Islamic unity, looking to answer this question according to Schleiermacher’, s psychological paradigm of how the approachable concept of the author’, s individuality is demonstrated in Nahj-al-Balaghe’, s 238th sermon? The unity issue is still one of the challenges of the Islamic world that makes the return to pure Islamic discourse and re-reading its simple principles an unavoidable necessity. Sermon 238, regarding the invitation of unity and forbidding division, is one of the richest sources in this field. The obtained results indicate that subjective order and logical structure are dominant over Imam Ali (AS)’, s discourse in confronting the unity issue, precise rooting of dividing elements and then presenting solutions for solving the problem, the special place of rationality and rationalizing in Alavi discourse and positive self-concept while interacting with the audience are among the most notable features of his holiness’, s individuality in the mentioned sermon.

Background: One of the most dangerous endemic scorpions of Iran is Hemiscorpius lepturus that its venom is very toxic and known as responsible for most of scorpion sting dependent deaths in Iran. There are four Metalloproteinase inhibitors in the venom gland transcriptome of this scorpion (HLMetInhibit1-4). Metalloproteinase inhibitors are involved in some of the critical cells activity including the stability and surviving of ECM. This study aimed to investigate the structure and functions of a pair of these molecules and subsequently their cloning and expression for the first time. Methods: Bioinformatics analysis and molecular docking on sequences of HLMetInhibit1 and HLMetInhibit2 performed (with the MG764541 and MG764542 NCBI accession numbers). The recombinant plasmids (pET-22b-HLMetInhibit 1, 2) designed and synthesized, then transformed into the E. coli BL21 bacterial host. The colony-PCR and electrophoresis on one percent agarose gel performed and protein expression induced by different concentrations of IPTG at different times. Then SDSPAGE and staining by coomassie brilliant blue and western blotting performed. Results: The highest binding affinity predicted for HLMetInhibit1 by molecular docking results. Gene cloning performed. Highest protein expression detected after 5 hours and with 1 mM concentration of IPTG. SDS-PAGE and western blotting confirmed the protein expression correctness for HLMetInhibit1 and HLMetInhibit2 with 26 and 17 KD of molecular weights. Conclusion: Gene cloning and protein expression of Hemiscorpius lepturus metalloproteinase inhibitors 1 and 2 as the novel proteins that have not been studied so far, is approachable and it is hoped that after further in vitro and in vivo investigations, they will be the suitable candidates for research in the Various therapeutic fields.

Background: Breast cancer screening tests could reduce the mortality rates for breast cancer patients. Screening and detection are the keystone of cancer prevention and may significantly minimize the death rates in breast cancer patients for long-term. In this review, we would like to present a comprehensive summary from recent publications of the current development for breast cancer screening, classification of breast cancer based on pathological diagnosis, as well as development of breast cancer detection. Methods: The sources of the articles were collected from research published in the PubMed, NCBI databases and manual searches without time restriction based on review of the title, abstract and full review of the articles, using the keywords “ breast cancer” , “ diagnostic” , “ screening” , “ imaging” , “ biomarker” and the combination of these terms. The criteria excluded in selecting references were articles that are not written in English, newspapers, and posters. Results: Of the 146 articles that were selected, there were 103 articles included. Breast cancer screening consists of imaging and pathological assessment such as invasive biopsies of tumor tissue and measurement of biomarkers. The recent development of breast cancer screening utilizing different models and methods like biomarkers were being reviewed. For imaging methods, there are mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis (3D mammography), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and ultrasonography. For pathological assessment, there are primary biomarker analysis for breast cancer (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2, KI67 index) and liquid biomarker analysis from blood or saliva samples. Additionally, there are some diagnostic kit models for breast cancer screening that were in use such as NanoString nCounter® , MammaTyper® , CellSearch System™ , and AdnaTest BreastCancer™ . Conclusion: Each of these methods has its own limitations. Therefore, the development of breast cancer models should be more sensitive, reliable, approachable and less harmful.

As the human needs air to live, the city needs vitality to survive. It is necessary to promote vitality of the city in order to achieve viability. One of vibrant viable and dynamic urban spaces in the world is the “pedestrian mall”; in Iran the concept of such places is not well defined; additionally the large car-dependent thoroughfares and streets in which motor vehicles disturb the citizen’s safety have decreased the city vitality and viability. On the other hand the role of urban public space in which the citizen’s social interactions form and the society culture promotes, in Iran is declining day by day. Furthermore, walking as one of principles of the people’s physical and spiritual health is neglected.This article is based upon a practical research on the urban spaces vitality; the research is done in order to identify the effective factors on the urban spaces vitality and design a lively vibrant urban space regarding the role of buying. In the article, a “lively urban space” is defined as an urban space in which there is a noticeable number of people and diversity of them (ages, sexes, interests and …) in the long period of day time that their activities are generally done in the form of optional or social ones. In this sense, it is supposed to find a effective and acceptable relationship between buying activity and vitality, and safety and vitality regarding to the importance of buying and walking activity in the quality of citizen’s life (in contrast with automobile and motorized movement that impairs the security and safety of people) under the concept namely “Pedestrian Mall”. The research has two hypotheses; the first one is: the shopping centers affect the urban spaces vitality; and the second is: safety and security affect the urban spaces vitality. The case study of the research is Sattarkhan Street of Tehran which is commercially powerful while it doesn’t have enough vitality and viability. After surveying the relative concepts and viewpoints and analyzing the research case study, the research hypotheses will be proved. At the end of the article the analytical model of the research (diagram of the effective factors on urban spaces vitality) is produced. In the model, the concept of effective factors on vitality is divided into macro and micro dimensions. The macro (external) dimension includes factors such as social, economic, cultural and physical indicators; the micro (internal) dimension is divided into physical and nonphysical indicators. These two indicators include some variables such as urban design, land use, activities, interactions, social events etc. Other underlying factors that are not shown in the model are variables such as legibility, sense of place, architectural distinctiveness, the linkages in design terms between different parts of the city, the quality of street lighting and how safe, friendly and psychologically approachable the urban space is. The last part comprises the conclusion and suggestion; in this section physical and nonphysical suggestions are submitted (e.g. activities and spaces) in order to enhance the vitality and viability of the street.

Introduction: Cereals as one of the most important sources of food plants could provide more than 70% of the food for the human population. Passing of water from the magnetic field is among approachable methods in order to reduce the total amount of water used for irrigation. Moreover, magnetized water is a new concept for increasing the water efficiency. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the effects of the magnetized water on some of features containing dry weight, germination velocity and percentage, length and weight vigor indices of five common wheat cultivars including Roshan, Sardari, Shiraz, Falat and Yavarus, to introduce the best cultivar considering the growth and germination indices as well as water and energy efficiency. Materials and Methods: To perform this experiment, a device with a magnetic field of 500 millitesla was constructed to accommodate both the water path and the placement of seeds in the magnetic field. To perform the experiments, 10 seeds in 4-kg vases and 25 seeds in each Petri dish were cultivated in the greenhouse and laboratory, respectively. The experiments were carried out in the form of completely randomized factorial design. The factors are considered as the duration time of keeping the water in the magnetic field (three levels of 30, 60 and 120 minutes), the intensity of the magnetic field (three levels of 100, 150, and 200 millitesla), and five wheat cultivars (Roshan, Sardari, Shiraz, Falat and Yavarus) in three replications. Experiments related to the both of rate and percent of germination and for dry weight were performed at room temperature in the laboratory and greenhouse under controlled conditions, respectively. The measured data were analyzed using SAS software. The F test was used to determine the significant level of treatments. The comparison of the means was evaluated using LSD test. Results and Discussion: The obtained results, showed that the effect of magnetic water on all growth and germination indices compared to control samples was significant. Under the 150 millitesla and 120 minutes treatment, the Yavarus, Roshan and Sardari cultivar had maximum dry weight, respectively. The Roshan cultivar had the maximum germination velocity at 100 and 150 millitesla and duration time of 30 minutes. Moreover, the maximum germination percentage was found in the Roshan cultivar, which did not have a significant difference with Yavarus cultivar. The Roshan cultivar in 200 millitesla field and duration time of 60 minutes, had the maximum percentage of length vigor index, which showed a significant difference with other averages. In general, Roshan and Sardari cultivars had more length vigor index than other cultivars. Sardari cultivar had maximum percentage of weight vigor index under 200 millitesla and 120 minutes duration time, which had no significant difference with the percentage of weight vigor index at the same field level and with duration time of 60 minutes. Conclusions: According to the obtained results to achieve the maximum value of dry weight, it is better to use the Yavarus cultivar. It is recommended to use the Roshan cultivar with the lower level of magnetic field and duration time to attain the maximum value of the germination velocity and percentage. To get the maximum value of the length vigor index and the weight vigor index the Roshan and Sardari cultivars, and the Sardari cultivar with field of 200 milli Tesla and lower duration time are preferred.

Introduction: Environment and its problems is the subject of study for many contemporary thinkers. Indeed, an environmental study is a field where humane and natural sciences, in the shape of man and nature, are combined. Ecocriticism is a branch of literary criticism which deals with the relationship between literary work and its natural surroundings. One of the most important branches of ecocriticism is deep ecology. Of eight major principles defined by its prophet Arne Naess, the first and the most important one is the equality between human and nonhuman animals. This means they believe each species, big or small, has its own innate value and importance apart from being in contact with human or not. Therefore, an animal should be evaluated as a human character. Background Studies: The voices of many critics are heard who claim that Pnin is the ‘ warmest’ , the ‘ most approachable’ , and ‘ the most gentle and humane of all Nabokov’ s novels’ (qt. in Barabtarlo 40), or ‘ most amusing’ , ‘ most poignant’ , ‘ most straightforward’ (Boyd 271). What all these critics have in common is the part they have dealt with the appearance of squirrel, so that Leona Toker calls squirrel as ‘ "one of the most striking of these is that of the squirrels" (27). Boyd believes that Pnin, as its name suggests, is the story of pain and squirrel ‘ Seems to intimate a number of possible metaphysical answers to the problem of human pain: a patterner of human lives, a designer of fate’ (282). W. W. Rowe comments that squirrel is a symbol for Mira’ s soul who is flying in the novel and sojourns with Pnin, that is why it is represented everywhere through the animal or the connotations. Paul Grams suggests that the ‘ reddish object’ might be ‘ symbolically’ Pnin’ s suffering heart (201). To Eric Naiman, the squirrel is another means for depicting perversion, ‘ the fundamental principle of poetic perversity so dear to Nabokov’ (89). Siggy Frank claims that this animal’ s appearance in the novel is the remembrance of the Nazi concentration camp which he believes also ‘ recur unexpectedly in Lolita’ (12). Martha Pellardy comments on the Pnin’ s identification with squirrel in two aspects, Pnin’ s first love’ s cruel murder in Nazi concentration camp many years ago whose dead soul still sojourns with Pnin in the shape of the squirrel as mentioned by Boyd, and Pnin’ s similarity with Van Eyck’ s painting. Methodology and Design: Of the eight principles Arne Naess, the founder of deep ecology, has defined for deep ecology, the equality between human and animal is the most important one which overshadows the rest. The research in hand has criticized this novel based on ecocriticism and particularly deep ecology. Pnin, the protagonist of the story, is an exiled Russian professor of an American university and the only benign living creature that comes to his life now and then is a squirrel. The presence of squirrel is so recurring and significant that it tacitly represents the author’ s special purpose in making such vicinity. Beside similarities between the main character of the novel and the squirrel, the novel, in general, has a similar structure to the shape and life of the animal. In this article, first the theoretical framework of the study including ecocriticism and deep ecology are defined, then squirrel’ s life-style, in the city and in the jungle, are depicted scientifically. The last part of the study includes the analysis of the researcher on the novel to investigate the complicated structural, as well as characterization, similarities between Pnin and squirrel. Conclusion: This article shows how Nabokov has selected a structure based on a character whose most distinguished vicinity is to a squirrel, although this nearness does not mean being the same with a squirrel or using the animal at the service of human character. Rather, it means how they are presented equally and for their own innate values. The article comes to the ultimate conclusion that Pnin is an example of Nabokov’ s respect to nature and equality, he believed, between human and animal which is also seen in his letters and interviews. This is similar to the principle deep ecology penned down during the same years Nabokov was handling Pnin.