Background: Grip strength is correlated with general strength of the body and some anthropometric measurements, and is often adopted in the treatment of hand injuries as an objective measure of upper extremity function. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of anthropometric factors and grip strength.Methods: One hundred healthy men and women aged 20-50 years old participated in this study conducted in School of Rehabilitation, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran. participants did not have any neuromusculoskeletal problems. This survey was a descriptive, analytic, cross-sectional study.Findings: There was a positive significant relationship between right grip strength and weight (r=0.68), height (r=0.84), right hand length (r=0.77), right forearm length (r=0.75), right palm width (r=0.84), right forearm circum (r=0.78), and right wrist circum (r=0.86). Also, there was a significant difference between means of right grip strength in males and females, with female grip strength being almost 60% of male grip strength, as the mean grip strength was 31.5 kg in women and 53 kg in men. All of these evaluations were performed for left hand and results were quite similar.Conclusion: The study shows that anthropometric factors and gender can affect grip strength and can also be used as a guide in treatment planning. The prediction of grip-strength, particularly after surgery, can help determine the distance between real and ideal grip strength in hand rehabilitation. Our findings are valuable in the area of rehabilitation of hand injuries.

Objective: The face is involved in many syndromes of dysmorphogenesis. The soft tissue facial landmarks are known to be influenced by age, race and sex and it is imperative to identify a balance between them before reconstructive surgery. Further, with knowledge of standard facial traits, an individualized norm can be established to optimize facial attractiveness. Material & Methods: Measurements were made on 60 infants (30 males and 30 females) aged between 1-4 months and 60 newborns (30 males and 30 females) with a view to establish the criterion of facial anthropometry for this age group in North Indians. A special emphasis was given in this study to sexual dimorphism. Findings: The mean value and range for all the parameters was determined for the North Indian population. A statistically significant sexual dimorphism was noted to exist in ear length (P<0.01) and length of the philtrum (P<0.05). Philtral-commissural ratio was determined for North Indians, philtrum width=oral width/3.2.Conclusion: The local values derived from well defined populations should be used as reference in the evaluation of a case with dimorphic features. This study demonstrates the existence of a partial positive correlation between philtral width and oral width, i.e. when one increases the other also increases and vice versa. The Philtral–commissural relationship is expected to assist in planning philtral construction in cleft lip patients.

Background and aim: Ergonomics is a multidisciplinary science dealing with fitting the tools and environments to human. One of the propounded subjects in ergonomics is anthropometry, which measures the human body dimensions in order to have the appropriate dimensions between the equipments and the users. Using anthropometric measurements, valuable data will be achieved which eventually leads to national and regional standards. The main objective of this study is designing anthropometric tools for static anthropometry measurements.Method: Available samples were assessed based on interview with experts in different disciplines and also literature review in on-line databases. Following the assessment of local and exported samples, and according to the analysis of social, environmental, market, practical, static, structure, assembling and material, systematic, standard and packing aspects, the characteristics of an anthropometry device were determined. Results: Examining the pros and cons of available local samples in several academic centres, this was revealed that anthropometry portable devices should be produced in larger amounts so as to reach the goals. Conclusion: In this study, a portable anthropometry device was designed for mass production according to anthropometric characteristics of Iranians. This device, due to the design, unique specifications, easy to use, lightness, few pieces used, and suitable costs, could be used in different places.

Objective (s): To report either at birth anthropometry indices or determining percentile points of weight, height and circumference of head and also show a uni and multivariates comparison for these variables in two sexes and in normal childbirth and cesarean deliveries in different regions of the city of Arak. Methods: This was a cross-sectional pilot on all live offspring in Arak in 2002. All live newborns in this year was 10241 which (5241 boys and 5000 girls). The prevalence rate of low birth weight among these live newborns was estimated about 9%. Results: The mean weight of all cases was 3193 (± 586) gr and among boys and girls were 3193 (±586) and 3100 (± 531) gr respectively. There was a significant statistical difference between boys and girls (P<0.01).The height of all cases was 49.9 (±3.1) cm and in boys and girls were 50.1 (±3) and 49.7 (±3.1) cm and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).The circumference of head in all newborns was 34.8± 1.9 cm and in boys and girls were 35.1±1.8 and 34.5±1.8 cm respectively (P<0.01).The prevalence of low birth in this study is adjusted to WHO stated rate in 1990 to 1996 in Iran. There was a significant statistical difference between weight, height and circumference of mean head in the study. The mean weight and height of newborns in this study significantly was lower than NCHS figures (P<0.01), but in case of circumference of head, the mean of boys was greater than the NCHS records (P<0.01), and there was no significant statistical difference among girls head circumference (P>0.05). A significant statistical difference of head with amount of NCHS curve was not seen but above the 25 percentile, the mentioned difference became statistically significant. Conclusion: Prospective study on live newborns and drawing growth curve is necessary. Further specific research in central region of the country is recommended.

Aim: This study was designed to evaluate the ability anthropometry as a new method of determining the VDO.Material & Methods: A group of 229 complete dentate dental students were selected with class I occlusion.Subnasal to submental was measured in maximum intercuspation. Subnasal to the incisal edge of the maxillary incisors was also measured in addition to submental to the incisal edge of the mandibular incisors. The last measurement was performed at submental to mentom groove and right and left bipapillary areas. Measurements were made with a modified measuring gauge. The mean values and regression for the measurements were calculated and used for statistical analysis.Results: The mean value of alove the mentioned measurements were calculated which helped to determine the occlusal planes and V.D.O. Regression analysis between variables were from 0.27 to 0.66 (P<0.05).Conclusion: It is concluded that some guidelines could be used in determination the V.D.O using anthropometry.

This study aimed to evaluate the reliability factors, and identify causes of error in direct anthropometry method. After training three beginner anthropometrists and following the instructions of anthropometric standards, 48 body dimensions of 42 male students were measured three times. In other words, the physical dimensions of each subject were measured for 9 times. All participants were wearing uniforms during anthropometry, with bare feet. Differences in values of Repeated Measurement Test were explored using SPSS software version 11. The same software was employed to evaluate, through calculating ICC index, the correlation between anthropometrists. Inter-observer repeated measurement test showed significant difference in the measurements taken in 3, 7 and 1 dimension (s) by the three anthropometrists. The average measurement was significantly different at 16 dimensions; this, however, showed no difference at 32 dimensions. Measurements taken by anthropometrist 1 had ICC values of 0.26 (Min) and 0.99 (Max); these values were 0.48 (Min) and 1.00 (Max) for anthropometrist 2 and 0.23 (Min) and 0.98 (Max) for antropometrist 3. The maximum and minimum values of ICC index in all three anthropometrists were respectively close to and above 0.98, and lower than 0.5. High value of ICC in the measured dimensions indicated high reliability of repeated measurements. The decreasing value of some indexes can be attributed to such factors as random error, poor design of measurements tool (which in turn leads to random error), the long time devoted to measurement process, high number of dimension measured, changes in posture of subjects and deviation from the standard position.

Background and Objectives: Craniofacial anthropometry and anthropometric ratios are used in different sciences such as dentistry, medicine, oral and maxillofacial surgery, growth studies, plastic surgery, bioengineering and production of personal protective equipment. The purpose of this study is to introduce Digimizer software to measure facial dimensions and compare manual dimensional measurement and photoanthropometry with this software. Methods: In This descriptive-analytical study 12 female students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences participated. Measurement of face dimensions of samples was done manually and by photographic methods and data analysis was performed with SPSS software version 19 and descriptive-analytical tests. Results: From the ten dimensions of the measured dimensions, a significant difference was observed in the three dimensions of the Subnasal-Nasal Root Length (SNRL), Menton-Nasal Root Length (MNRL) (Face Length) and Bitragion-Menton Arc (TRMA) dimensions, (P <0. 05). No significant differences were observed in other dimensions. The ICC (Intra Class Correlation) coefficient for both methods was obtained in the range of 0. 56-0. 94. Conclusion: This study showed that the use of Digimizer software can replace the use of manual method in measuring the dimensions of the face and in the preparation of anthropometric database of the face in less time is preferable to the manual method.