Quantitative and qualitative traits and stability of marketable tuber yield of 14 promising potato clones, along with three commercial cultivars (Agria, Marfona and Savalan) as checks, were evaluated at the Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station during 2013 and 2014. The experiment was based on a randomized complete block design with four replications. During growing period and after harvest, traits like main stem number per plant, plant height, tuber number and weight per plant, total and marketable tuber yield, dry matter percentage, baking type, hollow heart, tuber inner ring and discoloration of raw tuber flesh after 24 hours were measured. Combined ANONA for quantitative traits showed that there were significant differences among promising clones as to total and marketable tuber yield, tuber number and weight per plant, plant height, tuber mean weight, main stem number per plant and dry matter percentage and their interactions with year in total and marketable tuber yield. The clone 9 (397078-3) with the least amount of marketable tuber yield had significant difference with clones 4 (397045-13), 1 (397031-16), 3 (397031-11), 6 (397009-8) and 12 (397067-6) in 2013 and with clone 4 (397045-13) and Agria cultivar in 2014. The clones 4 (397045-13), 1 (397031-16) and 12 (397067-6) had uniform tuber, yellow to dark-yellow skin and light-yellow to yellow flesh color, tuber shape of oval round and round, shallow to mid shallow eyes, no tuber inner ring, hollow heart and tuber inner crack and mid-late maturity. They were selected for home consumption of chips, french-fries and frying. Based on the results of factor analysis, "tuber yield", "number of tuber" and "plant structural and quality" were named as first, second and third quality determining factors respectively. In this experiment, GGE Bi-plot model and AMMI Stability Value (ASV) parameter, were acceptable methods for the selection of marketable tuber yield stability which found to be simultaneously could introduce clones 1 (397031-16), 3 (397031-11), 4 (397045-13) and 12 (397067-6) to be selected as stable clones with high marketable tuber yield.

To evaluate quantitative and qualitative characteristics and stability of marketable tuber yield of 13 promising potato clones, along with three commercial cultivars (Agria, Marfona and Lady Rosetta) as checks, an experiment was based on a randomized complete block design with four replications was carried out at the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station of Ardabil during 2011 and 2012. During the growing period and after harvest, attributes like number of main stem per plant, plant height, tuber number and weight per plant, total and marketable tuber yield, dry matter percentage, baking type, hollow heart, tuber inner ring and discoloration of raw tuber flesh after 24 hours were measured. Combined ANONA for quantitative traits showed that there were significant differences among promising clones as to total and marketable tuber yield, tuber number and weight per plant, plant height, mean tuber weight, number of main stem per plant and dry matter percentage and their interactions with year in total and marketable tuber yield and tuber number and weight per plant. The clones 396151-7, 397008-5, 397015-8, 397008-2 and 994001-4 were found to have higher total and marketable tuber yield, tuber number and weight per plant and mean tuber weight. These clones produced high and mid-uniform tuber, yellow skin color, yellow and white flesh color, oval round and round tuber shape, mid and shallow eyes, with no hollow heart, tuber inner crack and tuber inner ring, mid-late maturity and mid and high dry matter percentage as compared with control and other clones. In this experiment, GGE Bi-plot and AMMI models were found to be proper methods for selection of 397008-2, 397008-5 and 994001-4 as being high marketable and stable yielding clones.

To study the stability of 20 bread wheat genotypes for grain yield and yield components, an experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design with two replications in five environments in East Azarbaijan provience, Tabriz and Meyane agricultural stations, Iran, during 2011-2014. The results of combined analysis of variance showed that the genotype × environment interaction was significant (at least p<0.05) for yield and yield components. Therefore, the stability analysis of the studied genotypes was conducted for yield and yield components using Eberhart and Russull, simultaneous selection and ranking non-parametric methods. Result from the combination of these methods showed that the genotypes 5, 14 and 8 for 1000-grain weight, the genotypes 1, 5 and 6 for number of grain per spike and the genotypes 6 17 and 1 for number of spike per m2, besides having less interaction with the environment than the other genotypes, had also higher yield potential. Hovewer, for grain yield the genotypes 5 (Yang87-158) and 8 (Milan CM75118-B-5M-1Y-05M) with grain yield of 6.47 and 6.38 t/ha, respectively, had less interaction with the environment and more stability and can be recommended for cultivation in similar climate in spring. The result of this research also showed that the stability analysis by ranking method had similar results with simultaneous selection method.

In this paper, we introduce the notion of hyper BI-algebra and investigate some properties of it. Also, we state and prove some theorems which determine the rela-tionship among R=C=D=T and V-hyper BI-algebras un-der some conditions. Then we study the relation among hyper BI-algebra with some of other hyper logical alge-bras such as hyper BCI/BCK/K/B/BCC-algebras and show that under which condition these hyper structures coincide. In addition, we de ne hyper subalgebra and (weak) ideal of a hyper BI-algebra and obtain some re-sults and the relation between them. Finally, we con-struct the quotient structure of hyper BI-algebra and ex-amine the isomorphism theorems.

The objective of this study was to investigate the stability of rapeseed genotypes using GTBiplot and GGEBiplot in two normal and stress conditions. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications and ten treatments in the research field of Birjand University in 2012-2013. The GTBiplot explained %59. 31, %62. 33 and %62. 01 of total variation of the standard data in normal, stress, and both, respectively. The most of variation was explained by GTBiplot caused by seed and biological yield, number of seeds per pod and number of pods per main branch in normal environment. The most of variation was explained by GTBiplot caused by seed yield, harvest index, pod length, number of auxiliary branches and number of pods per plant in stress condition. The most of variation was explained by GTBiplot caused by seed yield, pod length, number of pods per auxiliary branch and the total of pods per plant in normal and stress conditions. According to GTBiplot polygon it was revealed that the Hay-308 genotype in view of day to 50% flowering, biological yield, number of auxiliary branches, number of pods per auxiliary branch and number of pods per plant was the best genotypes in normal and stress conditions. Licord and Zarfam genotypes had the most of 1000-seed weight. Hay-401 genotype had the most of pod length. Genotypes comparison using Biplot cleared that the Hay-308 had the highest yield. The Hay-401, SLM046, Sarigol and opera genotypes had the lowest yield. The other genotypes had high yield.

In this paper, the concepts of fuzzy filter and fuzzy sub-algebra on BI-algebras are introduced. Then some of their properties are investigated. Fuzzy sub-algebras and fuzzy filters are classified according to level sets and equivalent definitions for fuzzy filters are provided. It has also been proven that in every distributive BI-algebra, every filter is a sub-algebra and we have shown that in a group of BI-algebras, every subset contains 1 is a sub-algebra and every fuzzy subset that satisfies the first condition of the filter is a fuzzy filter. Moreover, it is proved that the set of all fuzzy filters on BI-algebras is a complete lattice. The relation of congruence and quotient BI-algebra produced by fuzzy filters is also investigated.

Introduction:1 Wheat is one of the most important crops worldwide and one of the most essential commodity in the global market. Many studies showed that it is necessary to increase global wheat production double before 2050 in order to meet the growing demands of the population, changing diets and consuming biofuels. In recent decades, climate changes have complicated the prediction of drought frequency and extent in the Mediterranean Basins. Therefore, more genetic sources are needed to identify lines carrying genes for tolerance and adaptation to drought conditions. One of the most important factors limiting growth, development, and productivity of crops is drought. Landraces breeds have become particularly important as genetic resources adapted to local conditions. An appropriate level of genetic variability in breeding materials and parental germplasm is vital for generating improved germplasm with desired traits that help to increase crop production and thus improve human nutrition. Landraces may facilitate to capture genetic recombination required for creating new genotypes tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses. It is necessary to comprehend well the available genetic variation in primitive wheat, wild species, and landraces. Materials and Methods A core collection of 249 bread wheat landraces throughout Iran which belong to six different geographic origins were studied under supplemental irrigation and rainfed conditions at Sararood Agricultural Research Station in Kermanshah during 2016-17 growing seasons. Phonological, morphological and physiological traits were scored including days to heading (DTH), days to maturity (DTM), plant height (PH), peduncle length (PL), relative water content (RWC), number of seed per spike (NSPS), 1000 kernel weight (TKW), harvest index (HI), and grain yield (GY). Phonological, morphological and physiological traits were analyzed based on unbalanced combined completely randomization design. Two environments of supplemental irrigation and rain-fed were compared based on Hotelling T square test for the measured traits and multivariate analysis was also used to compare geographic origins in each environment separately. Shannon's index is employed to investigate diversity in germplasm and was utilized GT-bi-plot technique in order to depict relationships among diversity pattern for investigated traits and geographical origins of Iranian landraces. Results and Discussion: The results of unbalanced analysis of combined variation and multivariate analyses revealed significant differences among geographical origins of Iran. Multivariate analysis showed significant differences among genotypes with different geographic origins in terms of Wilks’,lambda (0. 69, 0. 39), Pillai's trace (0. 33, 0. 81), Hotelling-Lawley trace (0. 41, 1. 1), and Roy’, s greatest root (0. 32, 0. 57) for all traits at 1% probability level in supplemental irrigation and rainfed conditions, respectively. It means that the present population had high variegation. The results of bi-plot depicted significant differences between south geographic origins landraces and other geographic origins landraces for GY, HI, and TKW under the both supplemental irrigation and rainfed conditions. GT bi-plots revealed that the south landraces were early in flowering with high GY potential and also they indicated more compatibility to unpredictable situations in medium drought (supplemental irrigation) and severe drought (rainfed) conditions. The results indicated earliness (short DTM) as the most important phonologic trait affecting GY under rainfed conditions. South landraces can be suggested as highly valuable resources for using in breeding programs to develop new high yielding cultivars under unpredictable harsh environmental conditions. The examined Iranian wheat landraces showed high variations for important traits including GY, HI, TKW and earliness. Conclusion Our finding indicated that the explored variation play an important role in developing new cultivars and may be used in breeding programs aiming for adaptation to drought conditions. It is necessary to use a wide range of breeding strategies in order to gain present diversity in bread wheat which will lead to the expansion of the genetic basis of current cultivars and improvement of new wheat cultivars adapted to dryland conditions.

What structuralist narratologists have in common is that, instead of analyzing the actants of a literary genre based on traditional rhetoric, they analyze a literary genre as a systematic structure whose actants have internal links together. The plot or the sequence of events is the most significant element that both the first and the second generation of Narratologists have considered attentively. Although the first generation emphasizes on causative and effective sequence, the second generation, especially, Raymon Kenon, has also added the periodic sequence to that. The present study aimed at considering 300 Sufis’ revelations selected from 30 mystical prose from the 4th to the 7th Century. It was found that even though the combination of events had numerous superficial differences, they followed few similar patterns. The results also showed that, in addition to the causative or periodic relevance, the revelations had another kind of sequence whereby a unique moment of the mystic’s incoming is briefly narrated. These kinds of revelations are highly inspired by a type of French story which is called “Nouvelle - instant” revelation.

Introduction: Drought stress and water availability restrictions have always been the most important issue in agriculture in the world and Iran, and this is the most important factor in reducing plant production and Determination and identification of effective factors on wheat seed yield under water deficient condition is very important. Iran with were an average rainfall of 240 mm per year is among the arid and semi-arid areas of the world, with this precipitate, the main factor influencing the plant's performance is drought stress. In dry and semi-arid regions due to peripheral dryness and available moisture constraints, the yield of wheat plants decreases dramatically. According to meteorologists, dry weather can occur when rainfall is less than the average of long-term rainfall in a long period of time. However, from the agricultural point of view, if the distribution of rainfall is so low that it causes a significant reduction in the yield of plants, then land has occurred. Considering the importance of wheat as an important and strategic product in Iran, due to the droughts that are occurring (precipitation below the normal level), The purpose of this study was to study the response of some cultivars of genotypes in Asadabad city to the end of the drought stress, identification of higher yield genotype (s) and also determining the characteristics that affect the yield of the present research. Material and method: In order to This study was designed to investigate the genetic diversity and relationships between yield and related other traits (Study of irrigation and correlation of some physiomorphological traits with wheat yield) in 17 wheat genotype and were investigated at completely randomized design with three replications in 2009-2010 under two conditions (drought stress and non-drought stress). An experiment was conducted at the experimental field of the payame Noor University of Asadabad and the agricultural group laboratory located at the provincial lab. Each plot consisted of 5 lines 2 meters long with a distance of 20 cm and a plot distance of 50 cm. Irrigation was carried out in conditions without drought stress according to the custom of the area, However, under irrigation conditions, irrigation was not done and weed combat was carried out manually and in one step (the first stage of stemming). The harvest took place in the middle of July 2011. In order to carry out notes on the study of traits, five genotypes were randomly selected in each replicate. 14 agro-morphological traits were including (Yield stress, Yield potential, Number of Seed Per Spike, Spike Length, Flag leaf Length, Width leaf Length, 100 Kernel Weight, Plant Height, Relative Water Content, Relative Water Loss, SPAD, Area flag leaf and Single Seed weight) measured. Result and discussion: Analysis of variance revealed good differences among genotypes for two condition drought stress and non-drought stress. Among the traits, the highest coefficient of phenotypic variation was observed for seed yield with SPAD (drought stress condition) and seed yield with Relative Water Loss. Cluster analysis subdivided the genotypes into 3 groups. The maximum distance were observed between the genotype from groups 1 and 3. According to the comparison of mean grain yield, genotypes 7, 8 and 13 showed high yield under moisture conditions and genotype 13, 14 and 17 produced higher yields under drought stress conditions. In this study, the effects of stress have reduced the function of genotypes. However, the decreasing values in different genotypes are different, so that sensitive genotypes were with the highest yield loss and endemic genotypes with the least functional deficiency faced.