current research is to critically analyze the discourse of world peace in the textbooks of the Iranian EDUCATIONAL system based on the theory of identification by L& M. For this purpose, the textbooks between the years 1357-1392 (primary period AND first period high school) have been analyzed. This article has been done with the combined method of analyzing the discourse of Fairclough, L &M AND focusing on the following questions: What was the status of the world peace discourse in the EDUCATIONAL documents of this era? What subjects are these EDUCATIONAL materials trying to create? What role have the dominant political discourses in this era played in shaping the identity of these subjects? The findings show that the discourse of world peace in EDUCATIONAL books AND documents has been rejected due to the demarcation between Islamic AND non-Islamic, internal AND external. Power processes have tried to create militant AND vengeful subjects with a military identity. The factor of persuasion of the subjects is the axiomatization of the ideologies of the revolution with an Islamic nature. Also, the EDUCATIONAL content by inducing specific defense ideologies has formed pacifist identities in all individual, interpersonal, social AND international dimensions.

After offering an overview of some of the main themes of Popper’s political thought, the paper argues that his account faces two PROBLEMS relating to institutions. The first is that while Popper stresses the ‘rational unity of mankind’, AND the potential for any of us to furnish criticisms of public policy, it is not clear what institutional means currently exist for this to enable this to take place. Second, Popper has stressed the conjectural character of even our best theories. However, at any point, some theories will have fared better in the face of criticism than others, AND they may give us important information about constraints on our actions. At the same time, as ordinary citizens we may not be in a good position to understAND the theories in question, let alone appraise the state of the specialised discussion of them. There is, it is suggested, a case for thinking of ways to institutionally entrench such fallible theories, especially in the current setting in which social media play an important role

ABSTRACT With the expansion of inefficient tissues, "Urban regeneration" has been objectified as a solution for developing cities in different physical, social AND economic dimensions. Despite the development of the guidelines for urban regeneration projects, these projects in Iran still have CHALLENGES in the stage of realization AND implementation. This article aims to identify the "CHALLENGES AND causes of non-realization of urban regeneration projects in Iran" AND analyse the research conducted in this field with a qualitative approach. For this purpose, a meta-analysis of 23 articles in the field of PROBLEMS of urban regeneration projects in Iran was carried out. The CHALLENGES raised in the AtlasTI software were extracted with the help of open AND axial coding. In the following, 100 codes were determined in the form of 10 groups or general categories. In the end, the obstacles to the realization of urban regeneration projects in Iran were given. According to the obtained results, the weak presence of non-governmental organizations, the PROBLEMS of preparing plans, institutional AND management PROBLEMS, AND the weakness of participation are the four most important AND frequent CHALLENGES in the research related to the realization of urban regeneration projects in Iran Extended Abstract Introduction The trend of urban population growth AND the expansion of inefficient urban fabrics along with the increasing immigrant population to the cities makes the planners think of filling the existing urban fabrics with excessive density AND lAND use change, instead of the city horizontal development with regard to the urban sustainable development prism. Poor housing, low per capita services, lack of necessary infrastructure, low quality of life, economic stagnation AND functional inefficiency, unorganized physical-spatial structure, high vulnerability to earthquakes, loss of social status, AND various social PROBLEMS exemplify the typical CHALLENGES of such deteriorated areas. Deterioration of the urban fabric has prompted the emergence of various urban development policies among which regeneration as an overarching approach characterized by its economic, social, environmental, physical, ecological dimensions AND components including quality of life, justice, revitalization AND participation. This concept, as an urban development policy, has been defined AND applied in the vulnerable AND deteriorated areas of cities in recent years. Started from physical redevelopment in the Second World War AND passing through policies concentrated on social AND economic welfare, urban regeneration policies moved towards the participation of local residents AND the creation of sustainable places in recent decades. However, taking into consideration the manifestation CHALLENGES of urban development plans, in the existing literature, urban regeneration CHALLENGES have been less comprehensively investigated. This paper aims to identify the "CHALLENGES AND causes of lack of urban regeneration plans manifestation in Iran" based on the review AND analysis of the research conducted in this field with a qualitative approach in response to this question: "What are the CHALLENGES AND obstacles to the manifestation of urban regeneration projects in Iran?”   Methodology This research aims to identify "CHALLENGES AND obstacles to the manifestation of urban regeneration projects in Iran" through a meta-analysis of the research conducted in this field. Conducting a systematic search in Magiran, comprehensive humanities portal, AND Google Scholar databases using the Boolean logic search used the keyword (CHALLENGES) AND key phrases (‘manifestation of plans’ AND ‘urban regeneration in Iran’) resulted in more than 70 Persian papers, 2 English papers, AND 2 English theses. The reviewed studies included research AND review papers, case study research, AND the special issue of urban regeneration policy of Haft Shahr Journal. The geographical scope of the investigated studies covers the historical contexts of Iran, AND metropolises such as Tehran, Tabriz, Shiraz, AND Isfahan. Reviewing the abstracts, 23 studies were selected among which the research focusing on the different types of regeneration, AND evaluation of urban regeneration indicators were excluded from the research process. To conduct meta-analysis after a comprehensive review of each study, open AND focused coding of CHALLENGES was done through Atlas.ti software (version 8), AND the obstacles to the manifestation of the plans were extracted. Coding process continued until the saturation was reached. Finally, the 115 codes obtained was reduced to 100 through integrating similar codes. Then, all the codes were categorized into 10 categories, AND a comprehensive model of "CHALLENGES of manifestation of urban regeneration projects in Iran" was presented.   Results AND discussion Based on the conducted review, the recognized PROBLEMS with emphasis on the different aspects of urban regeneration projects are: 1) Weak presence of non-governmental organizations (18 codes); 2) PROBLEMS of preparing plans (17 codes); 3) Institutional AND managerial PROBLEMS (14 codes); 4) Weakness of participation (13 codes); 5) Duration AND financial PROBLEMS of urban regeneration plans (10 codes); 6) PROBLEMS of urban regeneration plans process (8 codes); 7) loss of identity of fabrics in the preparation of the plan (6 codes); 8) Lack of context-oriented approach (7 codes); 9) inefficient evaluation of plans (4 codes); 10) lack of social AND specialized training for citizens AND officials (3 codes). The lack of endogenous theory AND insufficient knowledge of the environment AND residents obstacle the manifestation of urban regeneration plans. Despite pretending the use of non-governmental organizations, the relevant law weaknesses, AND the lack of belief in the effectiveness of it has led to disregard of the participation of non-governmental organizations in practice in the process of preparing AND implementing development plans resulting in an inadequate context for manifestation of urban regeneration plans. In addition, the government supervision on NGO’s in the way of achieving independence has also caused limitations for their interplay. In terms of the issues in the preparation of plans, more emphasis on the physical AND economic dimensions AND the purely physical view, AND the lack of attention to the social AND cultural consequences, along with the loss of the community identity, are the factors of the failure of the plans to achieve the expected results. The lack of coordination between programs AND multiple decision-makers led to the institutional confrontation instead of interaction. In this regard, the necessity of an integrated AND comprehensive approach to urban regeneration has been acknowledged in the reviewed studies. NGO’s can play an effective role in communicating with citizens, educating citizens AND informing them. It is also necessary to have the participation of the private sector AND other organizations involved in the field of urban development in addition to public participation in all steps of preparation, implementation AND occupation of projects AND development plans. In the absence of a context-oriented approach in the preparation AND implementation of urban regeneration plans in Iran with blind imitation of western models AND the existence of limited urban infrastructure, following consequences are inevitable: uncertainty in terms of time, cost AND site preparation before the implementation of the plan; lack of definition of urban regeneration plans in the different scales, neighborhood, region AND city; AND the uncertainty of the relationship between these plans AND other urban development plans. As such in the current inadequate conditions driving the process of preparing plans, the possibility of implementing new policies AND plans, is low AND the implemented plans like many other urban development plans in Iran, are inefficient in the absence of the post occupancy evaluation.   Conclusion Based on the results, four priority CHALLENGES in the manifestation of urban regeneration plans in Iran include; the weak presence of non-governmental organizations, the PROBLEMS of preparing plans, institutional AND managerial issues, AND the weakness of participation. "The weak presence of non-governmental organizations" has been mentioned as the first challenge in most reviewed studies (Ahmadifar et al., 2014). Regarding the "participation of citizens" even though in the set of laws AND regulations of sustainable urban regeneration, promotion of citizenship culture, participation, AND cooperation of local institutions are highlighted, the residents are not welcomed in practice. On the other hAND, the lack of people's participation in the preparation AND implementation of plans has made any urban regeneration actions fail or achieve to its partial goals. In this regard, the results of the previous comparative comparisons have shown that the lack of laws AND regulations supporting participation in various fields is of the key factors (Nourian AND Ariana, 2011, Shafie Dastjerdi AND Sadeghi, 2016). The PROBLEMS of preparing plans, institutional AND managerial issues, ranked as the third AND fourth issues in this study, have been emphasized in previous studies as well (Kalantari Khalil Abad et al., Pakro AND Sattarzadeh, 2014, Izadi et al., 2019). Therefore, prioritizing the CHALLENGES raised by experts AND determining operational strategies to solve them are issues that can be addressed in future studies.   Keywords Urban regeneration plans, manifestation, meta-analysis   Funding There is no funding support.   Authors’ Contribution All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript AND agreed on all aspects of the work.   Conflict of Interest Authors declared no conflict of interest.

The current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the employment competencies of EDUCATIONAL graduates from the perspective of view of employers. This research was applied in terms of purpose AND was among the qualitative researches of Grounded Theory type. The participants of this research included 24 employers in the field of EDUCATIONAL (interviewers for the Education recruitment exam, directors of non-state EDUCATIONAL institutes, directors AND recruitment officers of non-state schools, directors of kindergartens AND preschools) in BirjAND city. Data were collected using semi-structured interview AND analyzed by Strauss AND Corbin method AND using MAXQDA-2020 software. In order to validate the research, two methods of member control AND peer review or feedback were used. Consecutive review AND comparison of data resulted in the extraction of 28 categories AND 6 themes. Data analysis led to the formation of a sub-theory. The model shows that the focal variable is the process of education AND teaching skills. The focal variable, under the influence of contextual AND intermediate conditions, leads to the formation of the strategies of "being a lifelong learner", "research skills", "planning skills", "classroom skills AND classroom management", "purposefulness" AND "problem solving skills". became Finally, "increasing employability" was the consequence of this process.

Introduction: The study of the caravan managers’ viewpoints influence effectively on the health promotion of the pilgrims for better planning in HAJJ. So far, few studies are done in order to examine the health issues in HAJJ. The purpose of this research is to study the caravan managers’ viewpoints about the major CHALLENGES of health in HAJJ.Methods: In this integrated study (qualitative & quantitative), 600 managers AND 400 clergymen of the HAJJ caravans were studied in the Annual Conference during HAJJ in Qom in 2011. A researcher-made questionnaire was designed in two quantitative parts including 10 questions in the Likert scale AND 5 open questions. Also, the answers were extracted based on the checklist.Findings: The most important health CHALLENGES in view of responders were such as communicable diseases, food poisoning, pilgrims’ unfamiliarity with the proper diet plan, disregarding for the doctors AND caravan managers advices, improper disposal of waste in the caravan, inappropriate position of toilets AND failure in education during the HAJJ AND pilgrimage.Conclusion: The results have shown that the survey of concerns AND viewpoints given by caravan managers can help effectively to the planners of health services system during the HAJJ AND pilgrimage.

Background: The expansion of the use of audio AND video media technology has faced society with many medical, cultural AND economic CHALLENGES. In the meantime, excessive use of mobile phones can cause many PROBLEMS. Objective: The aim of this study was to construct AND validate a questionnaire on physical AND psychological injuries of mobile phones. Method: The method of the present study was descriptive-correlational AND confirmatory factor analysis. The statistical population of the study consisted of all citizens of Khorramabad with a diploma or higher in 1399, which was selected as a statistical sample by available sampling method of 200 people online AND virtual. Results: The results showed that the factorized physical AND psychological harm questionnaire of cell phone with 42 questions AND 10 components (fear of loss, vibration syndrome, duck syndrome, nomophobia, insomnia, hearing problem, eye syndrome, tunnel AND neck syndrome SMS) AND has good reliability, validity AND flexibility in terms of psychometrics. Discussion AND Conclusion: The questionnaire of factor analysis of physical AND psychological injuries of mobile phones can be used to identify AND study the physical AND psychological injuries of mobile phones.

Lactation length is different in individual cows, which is generally converted to a 305-day stANDard using curve fitting models for genetic AND management practices. Individual curves do not have a stANDard shape in all cases, AND can deviate from the stANDard pattern according to factors such as individual differences, AND type of fitted models. These non-stANDard curves, called atypical, resulted from incorrect estimated parameters of the curves; which consist of: continuously increasing or decreasing AND reversed stANDards. This study was conducted to investigate the importance of atypical curves in estimation of 305-day milk production, by fitting two nonlinear models? Wood (empirical) AND Pollott (biological), on 7659 AND 6692 test-day milk yield of 977 AND 776 first calving Iranian Simmental AND Jersey cows, during 2007-2020, using R software. Different patterns obtained based on the combination of increasing (b) AND decreasing (c) phase parameters of curves. The number of stANDard curves from the Pollott AND Wood models were 85.5% AND 62.2% for Simmental, AND 83.1% AND 70.6% for Jersey cows, respectively. Only continuously increasing curves were observed in both breeds in Pollott model (14.8% AND 16.9%, Simmental AND Jersey cows, respectively); Whereas in Wood model, all 3 groups of atypical curves were observed, which the reversed stANDard was the most (22.3% AND 16.5%, Simmental AND Jersey cows, respectively). Based on the findings, at the time of stANDardizing the production of dairy cows (national evaluations), not only differences between breeds, but also special attention to the production of atypical curves, should be paid (to correct or discard them).

To investigate the effect of vermicompost, N fertilizer AND their integration on growth, biological AND essential yields oil AND its components in two populations (Varamin AND Isfahan), an experiment was conducted in a rANDomized complete block design with three replications in the field of Isfahan Medicinal Plants Research Center in 2016. Fertilizer treatments including 100% urea, vermicompost 33.3 AND urea 66.6%, vermicompost 66.6 AND urea 33.3%, 100% vermicompost AND control treatment (without fertilizer) as the first factor AND Varamin AND Isfahan populations as the second factor were selected. The results showed that the interaction effects of nitrogen fertilizer AND populations on all studied traits were significant. In both populations, nitrogen fertilizer improved height, biological AND essential oil yields, content of essential oil compounds (d-Carvone AND its yield, α-phellANDrene AND linalool; except p-Cymene AND Limonene in Isfahan population). Since in medicinal plants, the quantity (biological yield) AND quality (essential oil AND d-Carvone; the most important ingredient AND the highest amount of essential oil in this experiment), 66.6% vermicompost + 33.3% urea in Varamin population, was the best treatment in the experiment. In addition an in the direction of human health AND sustainable agriculture, it is possible to reduce 33% of chemical fertilizers application AND pollution; however, in terms of other essential oil contents (α-phellANDrene, Linalool AND p-Cymene), 100% vermicompost fertilizer treatment was superior in Isfahan population.

The focus of this study is primarily on “the discrepancy in mentality as an important factor affecting family PROBLEMS AND divorce”. For this purpose, some minor studies were conducted each of which experimentally examined different aspects of mental discrepancy in Iranian families. Almost all of these studies showed that permanent disputes AND divorces resulted from the differences in their world-views, thinkings, AND impressions in their mutual affairs. At last, the theory of Homogamy with two major revisions were used to explain the reasons AND causes of family PROBLEMS AND divorce which were confirmed in minor studies AND cases.

Introduction: From a long time ago, benefiting from technology has been an inevitable thing for human interests, which is born AND based on science. It can be claimed that there is harmony between ethics, science AND technology, which promote each other. In this article, the researcher discusses this harmony AND compatibility. Material AND Methods: The current review study was descriptive AND using the study of sources AND research keywords among the books AND articles published in the databases of Thomson Information Institute, Science Direct AND Pub Med. Conclusion: As science AND technology continue to advance AND become more integrated into our daily lives, ethical considerations become increasingly important. For example, the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) has raised questions about the potential implications of creating machines that can make autonomous decisions AND take actions. If science AND technology were considered as a tool, it should have been able to subjugate humans AND influence all aspects of behavior AND values. While it has become a problem that eventually becomes aligned with morality by applying reason, AND people now seek help from it as a tool.