This study was carried out to investigate, cypress habitat (CUPRESSUS sempervirens L.) in Darab district from Fars province in Iran. This cypress accumulation is an old trees. Distribution is single or groups of old trees. In this study investigated ecological and morphological characteristics of cypress trees. The ecological study included soil, climate and water condition and morphological study was contained, tree length, bassale, diameter at breast height and canopy diameter and length canopy has formed. The mean of rain in this habitat is 298 mm and rain distribution is in autumn and winter. The climate of habitat is and texture of soils are light. The length of trees were between 16.5-23.6 meter and average was 19.77 meter. Diameter at breast height was between 118-203 centimeter and average was 166 cm. The age of trees estimated more than 1000 years old. The morphological characteristics of trees showed this trees are elder and invalvable genetic resourses but external condition showed this trees go to won ward trend and on this habitat the trees were not reproduction.

The cypress habitat of Firoozabad in Fars province is one of the valuable reserves of cypress tree (CUPRESSUS sempervirence) in Iran. The climate of this habitat is semi-arid with an average annual rainfall of 434. 8 mm and an average annual temperature of 20. 6 degrees Celsius. Flora, life form, geographical distribution, and medicinal species of this habitat were studied in the present work. Identification of the collected specimens was done using the relevant references. As a result, 238 species belonging to 188 genera and 61 families were identified in the area. Asteraceae with 42 species and 33 genera and Astragalus with seven species are the largest family and genus in this region, respectively. Therophytes with 45 percent and hemicryptophytes with 25 percent were the most frequent life forms in the flora of Firoozabad cypress habitat. Geographical distribution of the species includes 38 percent Iran-Turanian, 28 percent bi-regional (Irano-Turanian, Mediterranean; Irano-Turanian, Euro-Siberian and Irano-Turanian, Saharo-Sindian), 14 percent tri-regional (Irano-Turanian, Euro-Siberian, Mediterranean and Irano-Turanian, Saharo-Sindian, Mediterranean), 3 percent multi-regional and 5 percent cosmopolite elements. Twenty-eight species (12 percent) in this habitat are endemic for Iran. In addition, 26 species used as medicinal plants.

The new armored scale speciesAcanthomytilus cupressicola Moghaddam sp. n. is described and illustrated from specimens collected on Cypress trees in Iran. Although most species of Acanthomytilusare known to occur on Poaceae, this is the second species of the genus, except A. kurdicus Bodenheimer, that is here recorded from woody plants.

The essential oils obtained from fresh fruits and terminal branchlets with adherent leaves of CUPRESSUS sempervirens L. cv. Cereiformis Rehd. Growing in Iran, were analyzed by GC-MS, and screened for bacteriostatic and fungistatic activities. Thirteen components were identified in the essential oils. The main constituents of both fruits and leaves were ?-pinene, Δ-3-carene, ?-terpenyl acetate and terpinolene. The essential oil of leaves and fruits showed no antimicrobial activity against, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The defatted ethanolic extract of leaves and fruits were examined for the presence of alkaloids, flavonoides, and saponins. The nonvolatile compounds in leaves and fruits were quite rich in tannins and flavonoids but the amounts of alkaloids and saponins were not significant.

In this research, the effect of soaking process and ethanol-acetone washing as well as fermentation pre-treatment by bread yeast in Cypress (CUPRESSUS arizonica) has been investigated. The samples were subjected to pre-treatment with bread yeast and without pre-treatment, washing with pure water and removal of extractives in organic solvent and subjected to dynamic test by forced vibration test in free-free beam. Both methods of soaking process and ethanol-acetone washing resulted in a significant decrease in density and vibration damping, while the values of acoustic conversion efficiency showed an increase. The amount of improvement of acoustic properties due to ethanol-acetone washing was more than water washing. Fermentation pretreatment increased the changes in both water washing and ethanol-acetone washing methods. The dynamic modulus of elasticity did not show any significant change water washing, ethanol-acetone washing and fermentation pretreatment. In general, the ethanol-acetone washed samples under fermentation pretreatment left the highest acoustic indices.

This study was conducted to preserve the genetic reserve and proliferation of old cypress of Abarkooh, (CUPRESSUS semprvirens var. horizontalis Mill. ) in Iran via tissue culture method. In this research, the effect of different culture media including WPM (woody plant medium), modified WPM, LS, SH and QL supplemented with Benzyl-adenine (BA) at different concentrations (0, 0. 01 and 1 mg/l) at establishment stage and 0, 1, 1. 5, 2 and 5 mg/l at proliferation phase were investigated through in vitro cultivation of this plant. Rooting was studied by two methods: in vitro and in vivo culture conditions. For in vivo culture method, three ratios of coccopeat and perlite containing 1: 1, 1: 2 and 1: 3 were used. After treatment of the end of in vitro cutting explants with four concentrations of IBA (1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 mg/l), cutting clones were cultured in the prepared media. Under in vitro culture conditions, explants were cultured in WPM medium supplemented by different concentrations of IBA (1, 2 and 5 mg/l) for root production. According to the results obtained at both phases of establishment and proliferation, the highest length of explants was obtained in WPM medium. In the proliferation phase, the maximum number of shoots was obtained in LS medium that had no significant differences with WPM and modified WPM media. By increasing the BA concentration, the number and length of shoots significantly increased. The maximum number and length of shoots were obtained at 5 and 2 mg/l BA, respectively. Only explants in WPM medium containing 5 mg/l IBA were successfully rooted.

Matairesinol lignan (MR) of Arizona cypress was isolated, characterized and purified. Wood flour was pretreated with hexane to remove the lipophilic moieties and then soaked in ethanol-water (9: 1 v/v) to isolate the phenolic extractives. Matairesinol fraction of the extractives was purified with potassium acetate. Identification of extract moieties were performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Analyzing the unpurified extractives indicated the presence of aromatic and sugar impurities within the extract. The results showed that purification of the isolated extractives with potassium acetate led to the reduction of the impurities. In addition, the amount of MR lignan in the original ethanol extract, sediment and clear solution after centrifugation was determined as 11.3, 32.59 and 40.44%, respectively.