Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and severe mental disorder with a high rate of incurability and recurrence. Numerous studies have suggested that one of the characteristics of MDD is Cognitive defi cits, such as defi ciency in executive function (EF), leading to disturbance in a number of higher-order mental processes that control cognition, emotion, and behavior, essential for fl exible thinking and actions (1). Accordingly, a signifi cant number of individuals with MDD report their Cognitive symptoms during and after a depression episode, and despite established treatments, such as psychotherapy and antidepressant drugs, Cognitive defi cits persist even after recovery (2). Imaging studies on individuals with depression have also shown structural and functional changes in the prefrontal areas critical for executive processes with a general pattern of hypofrontality (3). Previous studies have also emphasized the signifi cance of EF in a wide range of related clinical factors in MDD and defi ciency in EF that is associated with less improvement in long-term depression (4) and reduced impact of antidepressant drugs (5).