The rise of manager-made disasters—crises stemming from incompetent leadership—demands urgent attention. Unlike natural or traditional human-made disasters, these failures are preventable yet increasingly destructive, with cascading impacts on organizations and societies.To mitigate these risks, we propose four key measures: First, appoint qualified leaders. Leadership selection must prioritize technical expertise and proven managerial competence, reducing reliance on political or regional favoritism. Second, enhance training programs. Rigorous training in crisis management, risk assessment, and ethical decision-making should be implemented for current and aspiring leaders. Third, strengthen accountability mechanisms. Transparent systems must be established to hold leaders responsible for failures, including independent audits, whistleblower protections, and performance-linked consequences. Fourth, integrate safety-centric leadership practices. A culture of safety should be embedded in organizational governance, ensuring leaders prioritize risk mitigation, resource resilience, and employee well-being in all decisions. Public awareness campaigns are equally critical to fostering accountability and demanding higher leadership standards. We urge academia and policymakers to address this gap by dedicating resources to studying and combating manager-made disasters.

The definition of disaster is diverse but certainly the similarity between disaster and normal condition is negligible. The most important characteristic of critical condition is the number of human victims.Therefore each critical condition needs medical intervention and the presence of health care providers is necessary.Health care services are divided into two categories one in normal situation and the other in the critical condition; so the ethical considerations and responsibilities of the health care providers will differ accordingly.Our approach for explaining medical ethics or ethics in health care n critical conditions is two dimensional including the responsibilities of health care providers and ethical problem solving. The second dimension needs systematic approach which is not possible in this article. In the case of the responsibilities of health care providers we may focus on individualized viewpoint or systematic and strategic view point however the later is more complete and acceptable.From systematic viewpoint three important issues should be considered; ethical principles, ethical codes and multi dimensional ethical charter of each organization.In this review we aimed at describing some ethical principles and codes of conduct and the ethical principles of Red Cross and Red Crescent as well.In conclusion, critical conditions are far wider and there are full range of special situations in which no unique solution can be followed. It is necessary to determine the diverse fields affecting the condition and solve the resultant ethical issues in a problem oriented manner. In addition medical ethics should be considered as one of the most important priorities of the Ministry of Health and other related organizations.

Like an iceberg, only a small part of the socio-economic costs of an earthquake disaster is visible. The hidden parts of this iceberg entail more risks and unpredictable and injurious effect. These can't include the collapse of the engine of visual economics activities various human and social damages and unemployment, that culminate in various social deviations and other subsequent damages.Number of casualties wounded and handicaps show only the apparent part of iceberg, showing serious part of disaster and can result in more cost but are not all of them. Out break of earthquake in Iran is decisive and using the economic mechanism and instrument as well as planning, strategies and approaches are necessary for confronting such a disaster. Hard and deep damages of the Barn earthquake, that was one of the most misfortunes in Iran and the world that mostly includes poverty unemployment and social problems are increasing, whereas policies and expedients, are all dispersed, non-deliberated and insufficient.Reconstruction in Barn is exclusively considered as a physical work rather than a socio-economic issue. The opinion and willing of the survivors neither taken into consideration nor merged with expert opinion. Priorities in term of cost classification are not determined.Despite Lake of financial shortages still there exists no efficient or sufficient crisis management planning strategies and resource allocation.

Introduction: When disasters occur in the hospitals, there are risks from population group sides that accordingly lack of quiet and sets upon to urgent and exit doors, makes conditions worse and also it cause to create problematic circumstance for in planning must be considered security of patients and the personnel who are on 24- hours stand by.Methods: The present survey is a descriptive study. Training hospital of Iran University constituted the study population. Instrument of data collection is a checklist that section of security includes 6 questions and was completed by observation and interview with different person according to case (hospital manager, metron, secretary of disaster board, etc). In order to analyzing data, descriptive statistics like frequencies, ratios & mean percent were used by SPSS software.Results: In surveyed hospitals, Rasol Hospital with a mean percent about (88/4) has the highest score mean percent in planning perspective of security and Navab hospital, Haftometir & Ali Asghar with mean percent about (51/4) have the lowest score mean percent.Conclusion: Totally hospitals in the stage of pre-disaster must have an accurate and scheduled plan in order to encounter to on unpredictable and urgent condition. And considered practically and theoretically adequate training. Because exist of regular plan in hospital in time of disasters that insured patient, personnel and equipment security, is essential. Therefore training hospitals of Iran University except of Hazrat Rasul hospital in cause of in planning don not have security in disasters.