Introduction: This research investigates to which degree and how much the considered media have paid attention to the news of haze dust in Khuzestan. Materials and methods: The statistical community for this study consists of the news articles related to the phenomenon of haze dust in Khuzestan province which have been published in 4 websites: IRNA and Tasnim news agencies, and Ministry of Agriculture Jihad and the Department of the Protection of the Environment in 1395. The data for this study has been collected and described based on the content analysis approach. The findings of the research have been presented in two descriptive and explanatory levels...

The prevalence of dust in some parts of the world, injuries, diseases and deaths of humans and animal species due to it has become transnational, so much so that the disruption in human life has led to the study of this phenomenon from different biological, geographical perspectives, It has become hygienic and medical. This article deals with the phenomenon of fine dust from the perspective of criminal law, relying on the role of governments in dealing with the resulting damage in a descriptive-analytical manner, and this issue has been considered as an international issue based on their criminal responsibility. The exercise of international responsibility is possible when a rule of international law has been violated; therefore, it is necessary that an illegal act be carried out at the international level. The research findings show that a distinction must be made between the action resulting from the exercise of state sovereignty and the exercise of its tenure, such as between the damage (whether human or financial) caused by particulate matter and the behavior of the state (including actual abandonment). If there is no reason to prevent or reduce particulate matter, the government is criminally liable for damages caused by particulate matter. If the causal relationship is complete: one is the relationship between injury and fine dust and the second is the relationship between fine dust and government behavior, crime is a document documented by the government, provided that the causal relationship is caused by a deliberate factor such as deliberate behavior.

Background and Objective: Street dust is consisting of solid particles with complex compositions which can be an appropriate indicator to determine urban environmental contamination. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine spatial patterns and heavy metals contamination in the street Dusts of Kashan.Materials and Methods: A total of 48 urban street dust samples were collected and total concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe, Cr, Ni, and Cd were determined in the dust samples. The geoaccumulation index was applied to assess heavy metals contamination. In addition, the spatial patterns of heavy metals concentrations in the street dust were determined using GIS.Results: The results showed that the average concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cr, Fe, Ni, Pb and Cu in the street dust samples were 237.21, 0.43, 37.12, 16589.77, 13.62, 45.18 and 45.58 mg/kg, respectively. The average concentrations of Pb, Cu, Zn, and Fe were higher than their local background values. Based on geoaccumulation index, the heavy metals in the street dust were in the following decreasing order: Pb>Zn>Cu>Ni>Cd>Cr. According to the spatial analysis results, higher concentrations of heavy metals were observed in the city center and Kashan-Qom highway; whereas, lower concentrations were found in the residential regions.Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, it seems the high concentrations of Pb, Zn and Cu and to a lesser extent Fe and Cd concentrations in the dust samples was derived from anthropogenic activities; whereas the concentration of Cr and Ni has been mostly affected by natural sources. The high concentrations of heavy metals in the street Dusts of Kashan could be attributed to vehicle emissions and industrial activities.

Background and Objectives: Wood dust is are wide range of bioaerosols and organic and inorganic particles. Timber airborne dust, as one risk factor for respiratory system diseases, is generated during the process of production, processing and transportation in industries. Since, there are not adequete information regarding the exposure of wood manufacturing workers to wood Dusts and its bioaerosol contents, the objective of this study was to investigate occupational exposure of chipboard manufacturing workers in a nothern city of the Gonbad, Iran.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted in a chipboard factory in the Gonbad city of Golestan province, northern of Iran. Workers' exposure to wood dust inhaled were assessed by means of standardized national organization of Occupational Health and safety with number 0500. Assessment of fungal and microbial aerosol density in workplace carried out using a microbial sampler, with a flow rate of 10 liters per minute. A total of 68 samples were collected and analyzed in the laboratory of mycology. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for data analysis.Results: The Average exposure to dust inhalation was 32 mg per cubic meter. The average concentration of bioaerosols in the workplace as well as were 269 colonies per cubic meter. Penicillium species had the highest concentration among all fungus.Conclusion: The results showed that average workers' exposure to dust inhalation in chipboard workers is several times more than standard limit recommended by the work health center for non-carcinogenic dust. According to the high exposure of workers with wood dust and airborne biological agents in this industry, cosidering the control measures to protect workers' health seems to be necessary.

Introduction: Street Dusts are suspended particle matters in the air from different natural and anthropogenic sources that may fall out because of their size and density. The growth of population, industrial activities and vehicles, has recently increased urban systems pollution. Therefore, it has recently been focused on the assessment of street dust contamination as a major source of urban environment pollution, all over the world.

Background and ObjectiveStreet dust is an important factor in urban pollution which consists of soil، particulate matters and heavy metals. At present، over half of the world’ s population lives in urban areas. Therefore، this study aimed to investigate health risks of heavy metals in street Dusts in Zahedan. Materials and MethodsThe samples of street dust were collected in Zahedan. After preparation، the samples، were injected to ICP-MS for determination the amount of Hg and Cu. According to the measured concentrations، Hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) were calculated to evaluate the health risk assessment. ResultsResults showed that Hazard quotient for both Hg and Cu was less than 1 for children and adult. HQ for Hg and Cu was in order of HQingestion >HQdermal >HQinhalation> HQvapour for adults and HQvapour > HQingestion > HQdermal > HQinhalation for children. HI was also less than 1. ConclusionThe value of HQ showed that inhalation of mercury vapor and ingestion were the main routes of exposure to Hg for children and adults. The non-carcinogenic risk was within the safe value (HI <1) in this study.