Gender equality slogans put forth by Iran’s constitutionalists resulted in a reassessment of women’s social roles and extended their presence in the field of literature. Women’s literature has not had a steady growth since Iran’s constitutional era, but what we know as the independent female literature in the late 80s is the result of all changes that have come upon women’s literary fiction throughout the century. After the 1340s Iranian fiction writers found the courage to discuss feminine themes in their works and protest against male hegemony. What distinguishes female stories of the 80s from those of previous decades is the formation of an independent and feminine world and language, which are consciously created and are accompanied by feminist UNDERTONES.

With the claim of defending women’s rights in western civilization and using its principles and foundations, feminism entered into socio-political thoughts trying to make women participate and play significant role in different domains of social life. Having reanalyzed the factors which have made women inferior, it struggles to remove them. With such an aim, it reviewed and analyzed the history of art and aesthetics. Feminists mainly focus on the analysis of cultural life with respect to sexual difference between male and female. They pose the main question: "Why do women have no status in arts?" They believe that history of art and aesthetics has never recognized women’s art and emphasized on neglecting women’s artistic creativity by promoting special thoughts and adopting particular policies. Instead, it has caused women’s inferiority by identifying their body as the theme of artistic production. In order to confront male–oriented history of art, feminists have used different strategies to create artistic works and have prepared the ground for women’s more presence in different artistic fields by criticizing traditional philosophy and history of art. However, since FEMINISTIC art has neglected woman’s real personality, has been unrealistic, and has gone to extremes in providing strategies, it has not only been of no help to reduce women’s oppression but also has paved the way for other kinds of oppression.

This decade is the reflection of the enlightenment in Iran; it is also a period of opposing against backwardness, decadence, superstition, hesitations, at the same time the period of awareness and modernism. The quantitative development, in recent years, shows a kind of FEMINISTIC self-awareness among them in the vast level of society and their dependence on getting self-identity. No doubt, the women, in these years, have had striking progress in the area of story writing. Their movements in art and writing are not only a cultural struggle, but also a foreign phenomenon.It has been tried, in this collection; to deal with the developments happened in the fields of thought and writing of this class of society.

It is not more than a few decades that feminist thinkers have started to work in the field of metaphysics. However, their encounter has been more critical and negative, and they limited their selves to criticize some aspects of traditional and modern metaphysics. In fact, feminine approaches to metaphysics have not offered any new foundations for metaphysics, and remain at a critical level. In this essay, we, first, review the critiques of feminist philosophers to the traditional and new metaphysical methods and contents, and then show that these critiques are, in fact, based on a very narrow definition of metaphysics or based entirely on a false understanding of this domain, and basically so-called ‘ FEMINISTIC metaphysics’ is impossible or invalid. Nevertheless, one can, as I explain at the end of this paper, find deep insights in some feminists’ critiques of metaphysics which can be a good basis for a deep rereading of metaphysics and reveal some of the hidden foundations in the history of metaphysics.

 doubt, it is impossible, or perhaps very difficult, to have an exact and correct understanding of the theme of social theories without knowing their intellectual and philosophical principles. The theory of feminism is a trend-social theory whose thoughts depend on its intellectual and philosophical principles. The present paper tries to analyze FEMINISTIC methodology by focusing on the radical and post-modern feminists and the challenges facing this theory. Using a descriptive- explanatory method, this paper answers the following questions: What is FEMINISTIC methodology? What are its epistemological, ontological, and anthropological principles? What, according to the realism of Sadraian philosophy, are the defects of FEMINISTIC methodology? The research findings show that wisdom and rationality are human indexes and that the gender of knowing agent does not have any role in human knowledge. Due to their negligence of man's rational identity, feminists consider knowledge as a gender-related phenomenon ensnared in relativism, which leads to skepticism.

Environmental crisis in the present era have led man to seek fundamental solutions to overcome these crisis and their consequences. Ecofeminism as an approach branching from feminism with Eco environmental beliefs attempts to change the beliefs that are merely after managing the consequences of the environmental crisis. Eco feminists regard endless developing oriented beliefs of men as the main reason for the destruction of the environment and they are after finding ways to equalize the standpoint of women with men and prevent men to carry out their dominant intentions. The relationship of women with nature, the connection between dominance over woman and nature, and the role of women in solving the ecological problems are among the main tenets of Eco feminism. As an epic masterpiece, Shahnameh has exerted significant influence over the Persians thought and culture and its study with the EcoFEMINISTIC eye could prove beneficial. Relying on the library sources and employing descriptive analytic method this article aims to examine the mourning and weeping of women (Tahmineh, Farangis, and Katayun) in Shahnameh from the perspective of Ecofeminism. The outcome of the research is that this mourning in most cases is feminine device to stand against the dominance of men, and their hunger for development and expansion; expansion which is closely connected with the war and destruction of the environment and in this regard it goes hand in hand with eco FEMINISTIC purposes.

In studying Henrik Ibsen's A Doll's House, there has been an analytical tradition according to the first impression of the book that tended to introduce it as a tragedy, which itself represents a common contradiction in the analysis of this play. Such a contradiction stems from the analysis of Nora's character both as a symbol of freedom and human courage in the realization of modern criteria on the one hand and the sadness attached to her movement towards awareness (knowledge) on the other. However, if we manage to transform our 19th -century outlook and raise Nora from the limits of propagandistic-FEMINISTIC analysis, and understand her ample desire toward equilibrium, harmony, and existence along with liberty in a broader prospect, we can share her enjoyment from her most beautiful moments of life and may no longer wish to consider her as a tragic heroine victimized for social contracts during a specific historic era, rather we can visualize her as a normal human being challenging to pass through the awkward labyrinth of human mistakes and then celebrate her transition from the tragedy of being to the comedy of becoming.

A specific feature of the FEMINISTIC theory is that social status and experiences of women comprise the general departure point of all its studies. The world is seen through womens viewpoint with the purpose of creating a better world for them. Social theories of classical feminism are theories of intelligent women seeking ways to improve the social sciences. Conventional sociology, nonetheless, has always resisted the presence and sociological output of women. That is why prominent female figures are less known today. This article attempts to introduce the pioneering female sociologists, their key subjects of interest, and methodological contributions.

Considering the Islamic anthropological foundations with reference to the verses of the holy Quran and Hadith, this article was aimed at assessing the liberal FEMINISTIC bases of education according to its anthropological foundations. The results indicated that some of the principles of liberal FEMINISTIC education were partly compatible with those of Islam. However, some other principles were quite different and some others were contradictory to the principles of Islamic education.

Feminism, in its socio-political and literary aspects, emerged because of the degradation of women in patriarchal societies. Attempts of the women in search of their civil rights and emancipation since 1960’s deeply influenced many literary works which tried to display the feminine experience and emotions. Shahrnoosh Pārsipoor, in her The Dog and the Long winter, depicts the various aspects of women struggle with the dominant patriarchal culture in Iran. This struggle and its different manifestations in the novel will be discussed in this article.