Finding frequent patterns plays a key role in exploring association patterns, correlation, and many other interesting relationships that are applicable in TDB. Several association rule mining algorithms such as Apriori, FP-Growth, and Eclat have been proposed in the literature. FP-Growth algorithm construct a tree structure from transaction database and recursively traverse this tree to extract frequent patterns which satisfies the minimum support in a depth first search manner. Because of its high efficiency, several frequent pattern mining methods and algorithms have used FP-Growth’s depth first exploration idea to mine frequent patterns. These algorithms change the FP-tree structure to improve efficiency. In this paper, we propose a new frequent pattern mining algorithm based on FP-Growth idea which is using a bit matrix and a linked list structure to extract frequent patterns. The bit matrix transforms the dataset and prepares it to construct as a linked list which is used by our new FPBitLink Algorithm. Our performance study and experimental results show that this algorithm outperformed the former algorithms.

BACKGROUNDANDOBJECTIVE: Serum alpha-fetoprotein (α FP) level is considered as a diagnostic marker is higher than normal in many congenital tumors such as germ cell, hepatoblastoma, as well as liver and metabolic diseases in neonates. Normal neonates also have a higher level of alpha-fetoprotein than others, so it is important to diagnose this interference. In valid sources, the normal serum alpha-fetoprotein level in infants is related to advanced countries, which may vary in our country. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein in the umbilical cord blood of term neonates born in Babol and to compare them in two genders. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 500 neonates (37-42 weeks) born in hospitals in Babol city where physical examination was normal. At birth, 5 ml of umbilical cord blood was taken and samples were sent to the lab for measurement of alpha-fetoprotein. Serum alpha-fetoprotein level was measured by ELISA method and was compared in two genders. FINDINGS: Mean serum  FP levels was 76. 57± 35. 25 ng/ml (range 2. 3-160) and it was significantly higher in males (80. 54± 36. 95 vs. 73. 69± 33. 73 ng/ml) which was statistically significant (p=0. 002). CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that the level of alpha-fetoprotein in neonates born in Babol is relatively high and also in males is more than females.

Introduction: The discovery of hidden patterns in pharmaceutical data can contribute to improving the performance of hospital pharmacies. One of the applications of advanced data analysis techniques is the identification of drug interactions. Method: This study was conducted using data mining techniques with the FP-growth algorithm in the RapidMiner Studio® 10.1 environment to extract association rules and frequent pharmaceutical patterns. Data preprocessing and modeling were performed based on the CRISP-DM model. The type and level of drug interactions were determined based on the algorithm's results and by referencing the database at www.drugs.com. Results: The results included 17 association rules and 126 prescribing patterns, ranging from single-drug to four-drug combinations. Of the 64 two-drug prescribing patterns, 56 had no interaction, 6 had moderate interactions, 1 had a minor interaction, and 1 had a major interaction. Additionally, of the 19 three-drug patterns, 18 had no interaction, and only 1 had a moderate interaction. No interactions were observed in the four-drug prescribing pattern. Conclusion: The findings of this study can assist stakeholders in improving the pharmaceutical supply chain, optimizing prescriptions, reducing drug interactions, and lowering costs. The discovered patterns may also be used as part of a clinical decision support system. Although no significant drug interactions were observed in this study, the discovery of even one major interaction highlights its importance and further underscores the practical role of computer applications in medicine.

Introduction: Family Physicians (FPs) played a responsible role as the manager of health team for using of potentials promotion and conserve the health in their protege population. Family physicians Satisfaction can be effect on efficacy, quantity and quality of health services. Objective: To evaluate the level Satisfaction of family physicians (FPs) about effective factors on activation of FP program in medical universities in Northern provinces of Iran.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive- analytic study was performed on rural regions and towns with population under 20000 persons in the universities of Golestan, Mazandaran, Bobol and Guilan in 2008. At first 20% of health centers which applied family physician program were selected by randomized systematic selection, 160 FPs were interviewed by questionnaire in each center. Data was analyzed by Chi-square, Fisher's Exact and kendall's Test in SPSS.Results: Among 160 FPs, 92 persons (55.4%) were male, 132 persons (79.5%) were married. Mean age of them was 34.5±4.95 years, mean records of their services was 32±9.79 months. Mean of their protégé population was 4285±1338.persons. Level of FPs satisfaction was low about the function of district health center, specialists between the second level of referral system and the people with rural assurance, there was a significant difference between the mentioned universities (about these factors). But the Level of FPs satisfaction was high about the health team. Conclusion: According to the results the managers of district health center must promote the programs and increase the coordination between first and second levels for presentation of health services.

Background: Mussel bivalves produce and secret sticky proteins which facilitate the adherence to surfaces in the aquatic environments. Specific properties of these proteins such as adhesion, resistance and biocompatibility have introduced their uses in biomedical engineering, dentals and production of biological adhesives. Materials and Methods: With respect to the morphologic indexes and COI gene sequence, the species of dwarves from the Persian Gulf were sampled. To identify the polyphenol glands, which produce the adhesive proteins, tissue sections were prepared from the foot. Then, the mussel fp-2 protein was purified by the ionexchange chromatography using salt and pH gradients and, the gel filtration chromatography. To confirm the presence of proteins in each fraction the Arnow test and NBT staining were used. For detection of the protein homogeneity, in each purification stage the SDS-PAGE electrophoresis was used. The NBT positive chromatogram peaks, after concentration and electrophoresis by Acid-Urea method, were blotted on nitrocellulose and detected by NBT test. Results: The specie morphology and taxonomy were recorded and matched to the FAO criteria and, "The Mollusks of Persian Gulf" the Persian reference book. It was belong to the Mytilidae family and Modiolus genus. The DNA and protein sequences were recorded in NCBI data bank as AB972412. 1 and BAP16437. 1 respectively. Also, the molecular weight of the purified fp-2 protein was about 45 KD. Conclusion: The present study was led to the morphologic and genetic identification of Modiolus sp. PG from the Persian Gulf along with the purification of fp-2 adhesive protein.

Objective(s): The partial volume effect (PVE) of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) on corpus striatum imaging is caused by the underestimation of specific binding ratio (SBR). A large ROI (region of interest) set using the Southampton method is independent of PVE for SBR. The present study aimed to determine the optimal ROI size with contrast and SBR for striatum images and validate the Southampton method using a three-dimensional mathematical cylinder (3D-MAC) phantom.Methods: We used ROIs sizes of 27, 36, 44, 51, 61, 68, and 76 mm for targets with diameters 40, 20, and 10 mm on reference and processed images reconstructed using the 3D-MAC phantom. Contrast values and SBR were compared with the theoretical values to obtain the optimal ROI size.Results: The contrast values in the ROI with diameters of 51 (target: 40 mm in diameter) and 44 (target: 20 mm in diameter) mm matched the theoretical values. However, this value did not correspond with the 10-mm-diameter target. The SBR matched the theoretical value with an ROI of >44 mm in the 20-mm-diameter target; but, it was under- and overestimated under any other conditions.Conclusion: These results suggested that an ROI should be 4-2 folds larger than the target size without PVE, and that the Southampton method was remarkably accurate.

Background and Objectives: Predicting the hydraulic behavior of the river in the face of possible floods is of particular importance to reduce the risk and damage to urban areas, facilities under construction, farms and other uses around the river. Hydraulic models are the most efficient tool for planning and developing structural and non-structural methods of flood management and reduction. Simulation of river hydraulic behavior is necessary to predict hazardous points and determine flood damage in different conditions as well as flood insurance. The purpose of this study is to use the LISFLOOD-FP two-dimensional hydraulic model and a 5m high digital elevation model to provide a flood zone with a return period of 500 years and then hazard and damage maps for the Araz Kooseh area on the southwest side of Gonbad city. Materials and Methods: In this study, the area of Chehel Chay River located at Araz Kooseh is studied. The LISFLOOD-FP two-dimensional hydraulic model outputs are used to calculate the risks associated with flooding, including the risks of water flooding, its severity, and the depth of water flooding that affects people or the environment. After collecting the data and using a series of equations, the risk is calculated and the data are graphically represented as hazard maps. The calculated risk includes flood risk to people, buildings, infrastructure, and a building damage map. Results: In this study, for floods with a return period of 500 years, the highest probability of mortality is 10. 08% and the highest probability of bodily injury is 34. 81% and the highest amount of damage to buildings is estimated at 8300 million Rials. Conclusion: Based on theoretical experiences, one of the appropriate methods for flood management is to determine the extent of flood progress and its height relation to the ground and also to determine the characteristics of floods. These characteristics include the speed and direction of flood progress in different return periods, which are called hazard maps. Determining these criteria can lead to a reduction in flood damage in different areas. All four hazard maps including Risk of fatality, Risk of injury to people and Physical Risk Assessment for buildings as well as Economic flood risk to buildings maps showed that the northeast side of the river is the most vulnerable part of the study area. Due to high density construction in those areas, weakness in the strength of buildings and the antiquity of some buildings, awareness of the people and municipalities about the severity of flood risk and understanding the hydraulic behavior of the river is important.