This paper uses an analytical formulas to estimate frequency response for the Square metal patch and strip periodic cells. Analytical expressions for frequency response are verified by fullwave simulations. The analytical formulas used in design of one-order, bandpass FSS based on circuit model. This bandpass FSS is made up of periodic array of metallic patches separated by thin air-gaps backed by a wire mesh having the same periodicity. The frequency responses are obtained for different thickness and dielectric constants substrate. The simulations are carried out using ful-wave and analytical methode, and results are compared to understand limitations of proposed designing method. Principles of operation, detailed synthesis procedure, and designing guideline for this type of FSS are presented and discussed in this paper.

The present study examined the stability of the factor structure and psychometric properties of the complementary scales of family adaptability and cohesion evaluation scales (FA-CES) in Iranian families. The scale was translated into Persian language and was used as part of a battery of questionnaires consisting of the scales measuring family communication scale (FCS), family satisfaction scale (FSS), depression, anxiety, stress scale (DASS), youth self-report for behavior problems (YSR), parenting stress index short form (PSI-SF), and life events (LF). A sample of 1652 subjects (father=558, mother=576, child=518) from seven capital cities including Tehran, Mashhad, Tabriz, Kerman-shah, Yazd, Shiraz, and Esfahan completed questionnaires.Confirmatory factor analysis upheld the original two-factor structure. The results provided acceptable internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent, and divergent validity.Findings supported the Persian version of FCS and FSS for cross-cultural use as a valid and reliable measure for di-agnostic purposes in family context.

Objective: The aims of this study were to develop a culturally adapted version of the Fatigue Severity Scale in Persian (FSS–P) and to evaluate the reliability of the FSS–P in a sample of Iranians with Multiple Sclerosis. Materials & Methods: In this non experimental and descriptive study which was done methodologically by validity testing method, “fatigue severity scale–Persian version” was developed following a forward – backward translation procedure and cultural adaptation based on guidelines. A sample of 20 patients with Multiple Sclerosis was selected conveniently. The participants were recruited from Sina rehabilitation clinic in Tehran between 2001 to 2007. The participants were asked to answer FSS item and VAS. The FSS and VAS were read ministered 3 weeks after the first visit. Test–retest reliability and internal consistency were assessed, using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient and Cronbach’s alpha, respectively.Results: All the participants found the FSS–P item to be clear and unambiguous in a pilot testing. The ICC was reported 0.93 for the total score that showed high repeatability of (FSS) and the Cronbach’s alpha was reported 0.96. Conclusion: The Persian version of Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) is a culturally adapted and reliable instrument to assess fatigue in Iranian persons with Multiple Sclerosis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate different aspects of validity and reliability of the Persian-version of Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS-P) among people with Multiple Sclerosis.Materials & Methods: A sample of 50 people with Multiple Sclerosis and 30 healthy adults were included in this study. The participants were recruited from Sina clinic in Tehran between 2001 to 2007. The Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) includes nine items developed to measure disabling fatigue and a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to measure overall fatigue. All participants were asked to complete FSS and Short-form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaires. Testretest reliability and Internal Consistency were assessed, using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha, respectively. Dimensionality was assessed, using item-scale correlation after correction for overlap and convergent validity, using a priori hypothesized correlations with the SF-36.Results: All the participants found the FSS-P to be clear and unambiguous in pilot testing. The ICC was reported 0.93 for the total score and 0.88 for VAS, The Cronbach's alpha was reported 0.96. The total score and the VAS were significantly correlated with the SF-36 vitality subscale (r=-0.69 and r=-0.73 respectively). Correlations with other SF-36 subscales were at moderate level (r=-0.43 to r=-0.65, all P<0.001).Conclusion: Since this is the first study to translate and scale equivalent to "fatigue severity scale" in Farsi in Iran, the main features of the scale and reliability of Persian version of "fatigue severity scale" was determined and assess the validity of the study in terms of facilities and access to the sample and a preliminary report in order to design more and more research was in order next. The results of the study revealed that the FSS-P is an appropriate psychometric instrument to assess the people with Multiple Sclerosis.

In this paper a Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) as a UWB electromagnetic shield is introduced. The proposed FSS comprises a quasi-J. C-Jerusalem Cross-and a copper ring, which are located at both sides of a FR4 substrate and can represent a S. E-Shielding Effectiveness-better than 20dB in 90% bandwidth of Ultra Wide Band frequency. This structure is compact and thin. Each cell comprises J. C elements and a ring at two sides of a FR4 board with 3. 2mm thickness, dielectric constant of 4. 4, and loss tangent of 0. 02. The structure has a 24×36 elements with dimensions of 288×432mm. Also the simulation and measurement results are in good agreement.

Two dimensional periodic arrays of dipole and patch elements can be used as frequency selective surfaces (FSS) for polarization or frequency filtering at microwave frequencies. Numerous papers dealing rigorously with the study of FSS in the frequency domain have been published. All those methods directly give the characteristic of the FSS frequency by frequency. Computation time becomes important if these structures have to be studied over a very large bandwidth. Analysis methods in the time domain, followed by Fourier transform, have the advantage of directly given characteristics versus frequency. In this paper we introduce a new way for modeling and analysis of different FSS structures in the time domain using the 3D-transmission line matrix (TLM) method. All numerical results predicted by the TLM method are compared with experimental results, and good agreements are obtained.

The main purpose of this paper is to design, implement and measure a new sample of mantle cloak. A new method called mantle cloak is introduced by cloaking an object by a single, conformal meta-surface which can drastically suppress the scattering of the desired object. In this paper, a grid lattice is placed around a dielectric object as the cloaking structure. Previously, this FSS has been utilized for the cloaking of PEC object; but, when patch structure is placed around the dielectric it has inductive equivalent circuit with appropriate designing, it can be used for cloaking of dielectric cylinder. Numerical simulations of near field and far field of the designed structure are derived to prove the effectiveness of our meta-surface cloak. Also, measurement results of S11 and S21 related to cloaked structure and their comparison with single dielectric proves suitable performance of the designed cloak. The results show more than 20% bandwidth for this structure. This means that this structure is suitable for broadband operations.