The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of stock tendency to deal with Fluctuations and price Fluctuation thresholds in creating Fluctuations. The statistical population of the present study is the companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange that were present in the stock exchange during the years 2005 to 2018. In order to confirm and reject the research hypothesis, Eviews software has been used. In Tehran Stock Exchange, following severe stock price Fluctuations, the stock price Fluctuation mechanism is used to limit severe stock price Fluctuations, and according to certain periods, the range of stock price Fluctuations changes and over time the range of Fluctuations increases. The basis of trial and error has been determined and in a short period of time there have been many changes in the procedures related to the application of stock price Fluctuations, without really measuring the impact of these decisions in the market and investors' reaction to changes in price Fluctuations. Findings showed that the number of times each share hits the price Fluctuation Yield Fluctuation has a significant effect.slow efficiency Fluctuations have a significant effect; And in line with the concepts of hyper-reactive theory, it can be justified, that is, after the price reaches the range of Fluctuation, the trend reverses and the basis of the Fluctuation limit changes; It has changed the volatility of stock returns based on jump and price continuity.

Water stress considers as most important I environmental stresses. The effect of water stress in secondary metabolite Fluctuation of Hypericum perforatum (hypericin) evaluated with performance of well water, mild and severs water stress treatments in Karaj research station. In this experiment a CRBD with 3 replications in 3 years was used. Well water (-0.3 bar), mild water stress (-3 bar) and sever water stress (-15bar) treatments according 17.4, 11.5 and 8.5 water weight percent relative to dry soil were performed respectively. Hypericin extracted in two stages by soxhelt (using CHCL3 and MeOH) and measured by UV spectrophotometer in 590 nm. The results showed that top yield, hypericin percentage and hypericin yield increased with well water. Mild and sever water stress caused to decreasing hypericin and yield of Hypericum perforatum. Top yield and hypericin amount in the first harvest was 2-3 folds to the second harvest. Correlation between hypericin amount and flowers per plant was significant and positive. In spite of Hypericum perforatum resistance to water stress, it produced lower tops and hypericin under water stress. Adequate and on time irrigation causes to completely growth and more flower which increases quality in H.perforatum.

Iran, due to its geographical location, has low rainfall and is considered a dry land. As a result, different regions of the country grapple with drought. The presence of water management systems, such as aqueducts and reservoirs, in most parts of the country, along with a variety of methods for conserving water for irrigation, may contribute to this claim. Considering that drought is an inherent phenomenon in Iran's climate, people have invented and used numerous methods to combat it and store water. The aim of this study is to monitor and evaluate drought in Iran. In order to realize this goal, precipitation data from synoptic, rain gauge, and climatology stations were extracted over a 51-year period, from 1970 to 2020. The results obtained from examining drought occurrences in five ten-year periods reveal that, with the exception of the third decade (1991 to 2000), drought has prevailed in the majority of Iran's regions compared to other decades. On the other hand, in the recent decades leading to 2020, the intensity of drought occurrences, especially in the Middle Zagros, has intensified, which has consistently been among the regions with the highest rainfall in Iran after the Caspian region. This situation can cause concern in Iran, a country where its agricultural production hub is established along the Zagros mountain range. Moreover, the fluctuating behavior of Iran's droughts, with return periods of 2 to 5 years, has complicated the management strategies for these types of hazards. These conditions appear to have created numerous issues in many areas of Iran, particularly in the agricultural sector of the western provinces, due to the lack of conformity with these types of occurrences.

Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor for the development and progression of glaucoma. Previous prospective, randomized, long‑ term studies have demonstrated the strength of IOP reduction in slowing the progression of disease. It is well known that IOP is not a fixed value but fluctuates considerably over time. Although there have been some studies on IOP Fluctuation and the progression of glaucoma, whether IOP Fluctuation is an independent risk factor for glaucomatous damage and disease progression remains controversial. In this article, we reviewed the definition of IOP Fluctuation, and both the evidence and the speculation for and against the effect of IOP Fluctuation on glaucoma progression. Although conclusions seem to vary from study to study, we considered that different studies examined different groups of patients, at different stages of disease, and at different IOP levels. Our conclusion is that these apparently disparate results are not conflicting, but rather can be viewed as complementary. In clinical care, we recommend the consideration of IOP “ modulation” rather than just IOP “ reduction” when glaucoma patients are treated. Quality‑ based IOP control may be more effective than quantity‑ based IOP reduction to prevent or retard disease progression.

Geometry of the chute blocks in stilling basins plays a significant role in size and type of these structures. One of the most influencing factors in the design of the blocks is the fluctuating pressure which may cause fatigue on the blocks. Despite investigations conducted by many researchers, there is not enough information about the pressure Fluctuation around chute blocks in compacted stilling basins such as Saint Anthony Falls (SAF) basins. In this paper, the results of a naval experimental work and measurement of pressure Fluctuations around chute blocks of SAF stilling basins are reported. The results show that the pressure Fluctuations around the chute blocks cannot be overlooked in designing such structures. The variation of pressure Fluctuation with Froude number of incoming supercritical flow at various faces of the chute block is reported, which shows an increasing trend of pressure Fluctuation. It is also observed that the submergence of hydraulic jump will decreasingly affect the pressure Fluctuations. The trend of variations will follow different patterns at the different faces of the block.

Natural habitates of Iran content of more than 7500 plant species which many of them are medicinal plants. It is as the germplasm and could be source of supplying and producing of medicinal plant for cultivation. Hypericum perforatum growing naturally in the north and west of Iran. In these studies which have done in 1998 and 1999, samples of Hypericum perforatum at the flowering stage were collected from Gorgan, Nowshahr, Gilan in the north as the wetlands and Khalkhal in the west as the mountainous region. Hypericin as the secondary metabolite of Hypercicum perforatum were extracted by Soxhelt and measured by Spectrophotometer. Among the natural habitates, Gorgan and Gilan in 1998 with 2730 and 2584 PPM hypericin were significant with Nowshar anc Khalkhal respectively. Gilan, Gorgan and Nowshahr in 1999 with 2230, 2218 and 2120 PPM hypericin were significant with Khalkhal respectively. It seems hypericin production potential is high in regions with 250-400 m altitude and 500-900 mm rainfall and rich soil with organic and matter minerals.

Traditional grammars have always concentrated on sentence structure. The assumption is that what makes a sentence meaningful and grammatical is the number of constituents and the meanings attributed to individual words. In other words, a sentence is defined as a series of meaningful words, which represent the sentence meaning regardless of the arrangements of the words. In this paper, attempts are made to demonstrate that a sentence, in its simplest form has multiple meaning structures. Thus, our description of a particular sentence should go much beyond the scope of surface structure. In other words, logical form categories should also be taken into consideration.

Concerning the drought being experienced recently and its effect on planning, and economical, agricultural fields and the demands on predicting and applying different models for decision making, Markov Chains model was applied in Khorasan at Mashhad, Torbat Heydarieh, Birjand and Bojnord stations. This model studies the phenomena which depend on the previous ones. Here, we have studied the possibility of the occurrence of dry and wet days (wetness threshold of 0.1 mm), the cold days (below 0o C) and warm days (above 25o C).Finally, two analyses were done using Markov Chains model. Also, for predicting 1 to 10 day periods, Xn=Pn-1 × q from statistical distribution was applied and the data was presented in the form of equiprobable maps. To analyze the provided data and maps, SPSS and SURFER softwares were applied.