Objective: Placental hormones such as resistin, adiponectin, ghrelin and leptin are known to have considerable role in fetal growth and there are some articles published in this area recently. Nevertheless there is a shortage of data showing association between resistin level and fetal growth, that was why we decided to conduct a study to evaluate this association.Methods: This study was approved by ethic committee of pediatric health research center and research vice chancellor of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. In this case-control study we measured the insulin, glucose and resistin in the cord blood of neonates with gestational age of 37 weeks or more in Al Zahra tertiary hospital from March 2011 to March 2012. Thirty-nine appropriate for gestation age (AGA) neonates and 41 small for gestation age (SGA) neonates were studied.Findings: The umbilical cord blood resistin level was not found to have significant correlation with the type of delivery [normal vaginal delivery (NVD) or cesarean-section (C-S)], neonate's gender, maternal age or body mass index (BMI). There was no significant difference in the levels of Insulin and glucose between AGA and SGA groups. Resistin level of blood cord in AGA group was 613.76±180.10 (range: 132.6-983.80 ng/ml) and in SGA group it was 1303.47±537.07 (range: 800.9-3001 ng/ml) (P<0.001). Neonates’ weight in AGA group was 3162.82±407.92 g and in SGA group it was 2425.85±32.84 g (P<0.001).Conclusion: In this study resistin level had reverse correlation with fetal weight in term neonates. The SGA neonates with growth insufficiency have higher resistin levels in their cord blood than AGA neonates with same gestational age. It is recommended to conduct more studies in future with larger population of patients to clarify the resistin role in neonatal birth weight.

To move from one stage to another in all societies, there would have always been many social norms. One of the most important norms along the history has been reproduction, which, depending on the region, has certain beliefs and different strategies of achievement. Thus, the present study seeks to address the issue of fertility and its attitudes, methods effective in Iranian culture for the diagnosis of pregnancy and sex determination of children, as well as for the prevention of pregnancy and abortion. On this basis, the present study was conducted with a descriptive-analytical approach with the analysis of literary, religious and historical texts reflected in Iranian popular culture. Fertility and the entry of the new member of the Iranian family were considered as a kind of honor. Therefore, there are scientific and sometimes unscientific methods of identifying the fertility or sterility of women that have been effective for women's fertility and for the prevention of abortion and infertility. Given the importance of gender and neonatal physiology, in order to determine sex and even the health and beauty of children, the predicted urine test and the apparent signs of the body have been predicted and attempted to provide changes in this regard by feeding medicinal plants as well as fruits and vegetables.

Background: Pregnancy due to its nature is associated with some problems, which may increase the need for drugs. Drug self-treatment can cause severe complications and lack of information of mothers concerning the indications of drugs may have detrimental effects on family as well as society.Purpose: This descriptive study was conducted to identify knowledge, attitude and practice of pregnant women regarding self-treatment with drugs in health care settings affiliated to Shaheed Beheshti Medical University in 2006.Methods: 180 pregnant women referring to healthcare centers were selected in 2 steps by cluster sampling method. The stage of their gestational period was not important. An information form was used for data collection.Results: Findings showed that 98.3% of women knew the forbiddance of chemical drugs during pregnancy without prescription. 70.6% agreed chemical drug prescription by a professional. Of 180 women, 100 (55.5%) took chemical drugs during their pregnancy and 97.8% used the drugs by prescription. 11.1% took herbs by prescription while 84.2% used them without prescription and by recommendation of their acquaintances or their own views. 4.7% took herbs by suggestion of herbalists.Conclusion: It can be concluded that despite good knowledge of women about indications of chemical drugs, their information regarding herbs is not satisfactory. Therefore, developing appropriate educational plans in media, healthcare settings and prenatal clinics to improve their knowledge seems necessary.

Spontaneous quuadruplet pregnancy is a very rare condition.1.2 A 29 year-old female patient with G2 with the previous experience of loosing twins in the 22nd week of pregnancy admitted in the Alzahra hospital with the detection of preterm labor. She terminated in the 29th week &2 days. Of the four children born two girls & one boy are in good health & the other boy becauuse of the respiratory distress syndrome has died.

Background: Anembryonic gestation (blighted ovum) is the most common identifiable pathology in the first trimester of pregnancy, always leads to miscarriage. Early pregnancy failures from blighted ovum are often due to chromosomal abnormalities and a poor quality of sperm or egg. Oxidative stresses as a factor of disturbance balance between the production of free radicals and antioxidant defenses is involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including mouth and throat cancer and cardiovascular disease. Catalase is one of the defensive systems against damages caused by oxidative stress in human. The aim of this study was to compare the activity of salivary catalase in women with blighted ovum and women with history of normal pregnancy.Methods: This case-control study was performed on 34 patient women with blighted ovum and 34 healthy women as a control group. The study was performed in biochemistry laboratory at the University of Guilan from October 2015 to July 2015.The age range was 20-44 years and 18-45 years in patient and control groups, respectively. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected using spitting method.Catalase activity was measured by evaluating the constant rate of hydrogen peroxide decomposition in patient and control groups.Results: The patient group matched with healthy subjects in average age and having no other diseases history. The biochemical enzymatic assays indicate that the average catalase activities of saliva in patient and control groups were 14.47±3.8 and 16.42±3.48, respectively. Therefore, the catalase activity was significantly reduced in patient group as compared to the control group (P=0.03).Conclusion: The obtained results suggested that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of blighted ovum. Therefore, determination the activity of other antioxidant enzymes, in addition to catalse, may be used as a marker for diagnosis of blighted ovum. More studies with larger studied-population is recommended to confidently comment on the results of this study.

Spontaneous quadruplet is rarely seen. Quadruplet pregnancy is accompanied with severe complications such as; abortion, premature Our patient was a 29- year old lady with history of first pregnancy twin that was aborted. In the second pregnancy at three months of gestation sonography showed quadruplet pregnancy so cerclage was performed for the patient. At 26 weeks gestation she was admitted to Alzahra hospital with diagnosed premature labor at 29 weeks plus 2 days of gestation the pregnancy was terminated by cesarean section, 4 newborns 2 healthy girls and one boy and the second boy expired after 24 hours due to RDS.