The uses of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are limited by a variety of side effects. So research on preparing new analgesic agents is important. According to some reports about the analgesic activity of hydrazide and hydrazine derivatives a new series of these compounds were synthesized in order to obtain new analgesic compounds. The final compounds 10a-10e and 15a-15d were prepared by condensation of corresponding hydrazides 7, 8 and 11-14 with different aldehydes 9a-9e. The structures of all synthesized compounds were confirmed by means of FT-IR, 1H-NMR and Mass spectra. All compounds were evaluated for their analgesic activities by abdominal constriction test (writhing test). Most of the synthesized compounds induced significant reduction in the writhing response when compared to control and compound 15 was more potent than mefenamic acid in the writhing test.

PASS is used as a powerful tool to predict the biological activity spectrum of compounds for new drug discovery. However, PASS potential is still underestimated when predicting the biological activity spectrum of natural products. Therefore, in the present work, some crystal structures of Schiff bases derived from hydrazide were collected and biological properties of these compounds including antibacterial, antimycobacterial, anti-helicobacter pylori, and antiviral (picornavirus) properties were investigated by this software. PASS can also be used to predict side effects in the studied chemical compounds. PASS analysis showed that these compounds had antimycobacterial property with improved inhibitory power. The molecular docking of the studied compounds was also performed to determine the binding affinity and predict the intermolecular interactions of the molecules in the target protein (PDB: 2BM7). Molecular docking studies showed significant binding of the ligand with the selected target.

In this study, some azomethine compounds were prepared from 4-hydroxybenzoic acid hydrazide with some primary amine derivatives in different ways from the usual methods. The method used in research is utilizing water as solvent instead of any other organic solvent. In addition, lab-made microwave was used instead of hot plate or reflux method. P-hydroxy ethyl benzoate was treated directly with hydrazine hydrate in microwave oven which gave hydrazide derivative in a very short time; hydrazide derivative (1) was reacted with some carbonyl compounds (aldehyde derivatives) to produce of some Schiff base derivatives (compounds 2-14). None of these azomethine derivatives exceeded 10 minutes in lab-made micro wave and using water as solvent. Compounds (2-14) were treated with acetic anhydride in microwave oven to synthesized of some 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives (15-23). All compounds high yield, short time, low cost in comparison with traditionally methods. The prepared compounds were characterized by melting points, 1H-NMR, and FT-IR.

A new series of amic acids [III]a-e and N-substituted-imides [IV]a-e containing a 1,2,4-triazole moiety were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for its antimicrobial activities and cytotoxic effects. The structural modifications at position 3 of the 4-amino-5-mercapto-4H-1,2,4-triazole ring (linked to a bioactive 3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl moiety) were expected to give new 1,2,4-triazole derivatives with a wide spectrum of biological activities. FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectroscopic analyses were used for structure elucidation of these compounds. Furthermore, all the new compounds were investigated for the potential antibacterial activities against two types of bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia. Some of these target compounds showed good activity comparable to ampicillin (used as the reference antibiotic). Finally, the cytotoxic effects of compounds [III]d and [IV]d were assessed by using two cell lines (MCF7 and MDA-MB231) with increasing concentrations by the MTT assay. The results against both cell lines indicated the resistance to compound [III]d, however, the highest dose (40 µM) reduced the viability in both cell lines to nearly similar percentage (87.6% and 88.7%, respectively). The compound [IV]d was more effective than compound [III]d on both cell lines. In addition, MDA-MB231 was more sensitive than MCF7 to compound [IV]d (IC50 for MCF7 = 20 µM; IC50 for MDA-MB231 = 10 µM). The results of the biological evaluation of the antibacterial/cytotoxic activities of some Imides from galloyl hydrazide showed that compounds [III]d and [IV]d surprisingly exhibited very high and significant anticancer (mainly) and antibacterial activities, and they could be very promising lead and parent compounds for the design and synthesis of new drugs by further in vivo biological evaluations and structural modifications.

In passing of 2 past decade, planning of grasses plenty expanded, in our country, and creation of unique cover of grasses is important in enhancement of beauty environment and home and attention from turf - grasses. Plant growth inhibitors especially, maleic hydrazide were used for decline of furrow potential and requirement payments for keeping grasses and regulation of grass growth. Length, fresh and dry weight of grasses were measured in 2 time (15 and 30 days after treatment by maleic hydrazide).The content of proteins, soluble sugers, chla, chlb and chla+b were determined (30 days after treatment). The results were shown that increasing of content of maleic hydrazide caused decreasing of lenght and fresh weight in 3 grasses. The content of dry weight was stable, approximately. Increasing of maleic hydrazide content in barbal were caused decreasing of chla, chlb and chla+b only in 3 kg/ha maleic hydrazide in barzane and bermuda grass, increasing of chla and chlb content were shown, and in other concentrations of maleic hydrazide, decreasing of pigment contents were show. The content of shoot proteins were increased and content of soluble sugers were decreased for the reason that maleic hydrazide stress. By notice to these results, we understand that increasing of maleic hydrazide concentrations caused decreasing of growth, picked out of grasses and costs in this case, but for the reason that decreasing of pigment contents and of quality of grasses, high concentrations of maleic hydrazide were not suggested. From among of three grasses, barbal were introduced for the reason that optimal growth response to maleic hydrazide but from the view point of green colour and quality of cultured grasses qualified mention.

Inhibitors of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) represent one of the novel pharmaceutical approaches for treating hypertension, vascular inflammation, pain and other cardiovascular related diseases. Most of the potent sEH inhibitors reported in literature often suffer from poor solubility and bioavailability. Toward improving pharmacokinetic profile beside favorable potency, two series of 4-benzamidobenzoic acid hydrazide derivatives with hydrazide group as a novel secondary pharmacophore against sEH enzyme were developed. The designed compounds were synthesized in acceptable yield and their in vitro assay was determined. Most of the synthesized compounds have appropriate physical properties and exhibited considerable in-vitro sEH inhibitory activity in comparison with 12- (3-Adamantan-1-yl-ureido) -dodecanoicacid (AUDA), a potent urea-based sEH inhibitor.4- (2- (4- (4-chlorobenzamido) benzoyl) hydrazinyl) -4-oxobutanoic acid 6c was found to be the most potent inhibitor with inhibitory activity of 72% targeting sEH enzyme.