The emergence of Idrissian as one of the first Shia governments, on the one hand, and the importance and practicality of this issue based on the place and importance of women in various social arenas, especially the economy, on the other hand, has led criticism and research on the position and economic role of women in societies and governments to be more important. In recent years, the issues of economy and employment have been among the common challenges and problems in societies, and the examination of historical experiences in these issues will be the basis for finding appropriate solutions. This research tries to answer the question based on various historical sources and based on the descriptive-analytical method, what place did women have in the Maghreb during the era of Idrisian in the field of economic resources and costs, employment, consumption and urban body. One of the findings of this study is the difference and effective presence of women in arenas such as production, buying and selling, market and industries, architecture and urban engineering, entrepreneurship and political-economic decision-making in the Idrisian era. The economic presence of women in the Maghreb society of the era of Idrisi can be classified in two areas, direct presence and indirect presence, as well as in the form of different social classes.

Feminist narratology systematically explores gender differences in storytelling and discourse, reflecting on topics including the gender of the writers, the author's hypothetical audience, the real audiences, and the characters and narrator. The aim of this paper is to study feminist narratology in Ghazaleh Alizadeh's most important novel, The House of the Idrisi. This descriptive-analytical paper demonstrates that, aside from the novel's new theme, important literary methods, and solid narrative structure, the analysis of feminist narratology in this novel serves as a forum for the emergence and manifestation of the feminist movement's cultural, conceptual, and metaphysical facets. In fact, Alizadeh reveals her feminist approaches to The House of the Idrisi in two ways: first, by introducing a modern method of replacing masculine narratives with expressive feminine narratives of things, existence, and concepts ( be able to understand gender differences in it), and, second, by emphasizing the female characters of the novel, which, in turn, gives the novel its structure, namely the relationship between explanation, dialogue, and, of course, the story's components and conceptually, complicating female characters in a fictional novel seem to represent the socio-political status of women in the fictional society.

The impacts of human activities and natural events have changed the face of the earth. So, for the optimal management of natural areas, awareness of change of land is necessary. This study was carried out to detect changes in cover/land use of Abdanan region over a period of 25 years. For doing research, images of the years of 1985, 2000 and 2010 from sensors of TM, ETM+ and TM were used and after the corrections needed in preprocessing stage, the object-oriented classification method of images in Idrisi Selvi software, change detection maps prepared and presented results. The results show that during the years 1985 to 2010 are the trend of reduction of fair and good rangeland that indicate the general trend of deterioration in the region through replacement fair and good range by other land use as poor rangeland and barren land. Assessing the accuracy of the extracted parameters (Overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient of %95 and 0.94, respectively), indicating the high accurcy of the method of classification. The results obtained from this study show that he object-oriented classification method is also used for preparing of cover/land use maps and change detection.

A region of 390 square kilometers of Neyshabour was selected for flood zoning. This region is divided into the city and hydrographic networks. This confined area includes three geo-morphological part namely mountain, plain head (along alluvial fans) and lowland. A part of the city is located in Plain geomorphology unit and the other part is laid in the mountains area that covered surface of alluvial fan. The study on the desired area was conducted as follows: The study area is too wide therefore, it is divided into 3 sub-basins; then, the effect of urban development on the basin was estimated through topographic maps, aerial photographs and field visits. The maximum flood event of every basin is calculated by a 100- year return period. The purpose of this calculation is estimating the maximum flood volume which is entered into the urban of the mentioned basins. By providing the required layers for both the city and the basin area of the study, the weight of each layer is determined based on its importance in the occurrence of floods. (Importance of each layer was determined based on the opinions of experts in various organizations of Neyshabour). After the final weighing, the layers were compared with each other and the resultant matrix of these comparisons is used in Idrisi and eventually final coefficients were determined for each layer. Finally, by applying these coefficients through Raster calculator in ArcGis, maps of flood hazard zoning in the basin were determined and the boundaries of Neyshabour were specified separately. Thus, the critical boundaries of urban area against flood were defined and flood damages in the form of the maps of the damage assessment were presented.

Today, the attraction of tourists has become a growing competition among the institutions involved in the tourism industry. City of Isfahan, as one of the cities of the country, has a unique role in tourism in Iran's tourism economy system. And as an international destination, thousands of domestic and foreign tourists are visited annually. This study studies spatial analysis and location of hotels in city Esfahan. The research method of this study is descriptive-analytic. Theoretical foundations are based on documentary, library and field studies, and referring to relevant organizations and organizations. In this study, geographic information system, IDRISI software and fuzzy logic were used to locate suitable hotels construction sites in Isfahan. Analysis of spatial distribution of hotels in Isfahan: The distribution of hotels in the city of Isfahan is clustered. The city of Isfahan has 57 hotels and 30 guest houses, the statistics show that hotels in Isfahan are not enough for tourists, including tourists. Because about 250, 000 tourists arrived last year in Isfahan. in this study, suitable locations for the construction of new hotels were identified in Isfahan. Appropriate locations for the construction of new hotels around the Zayanderud River, adjacent to the recreational centers, golha gardens, garden Tajrobeh, garden Javan, Najvan and Sofe recreational complex, garden parandegan, Garden Nour, Najvan Banovan garden, mountains atashgah and monar jonban, and in parts of Isfahan's 3rd district, and in the vicinity of tourist attractions, the masjed jameh and bazar, and along with other required criteria are located.

One of the most important problems that always have been considered by the authorities in the crisis management is the selection of site for emergency and temporary sheltering. It is obvious that inappropriate site selection may lead to another disaster that is more complex than the main one. So, the necessity of planning, managing and offering appropriate options for temporary sheltering of affected people before the occurrence of earthquake is vital. The objective of this research is the presentation of the appropriate and efficient method for the selection of site for temporary sheltering using Fuzzy algorithms. For illustrating the efficiency of proposed algorithm, the municipality district no.1 of Tehran is selected as the case study. Using the results of damage assessment of the study area, the number of homeless people was evaluated 136786 people and the required shelter was evaluated 410-615 hectares. For the selection of site, initially necessary criteria are determined. After studying the past research and receiving the expert’s viewpoints, 13 criteria were selected. These criteria include criteria such as vicinity to water resources, distance from faults and rivers, vicinity to hospitals and other therapeutic centers, and security. In this research, Fuzzy and Boolean logics have been used for the combination of the criteria (layers). IDRISI is used for the implementation of fuzzy operations and the selection of site for temporary sheltering due to its high capability in the multi criteria decision making analysis problems. Then using WLC (Weighted Linear Combination) method, the produced fuzzy layers (maps) were combined and the map of eligibility was produced. Using this map and Fuzzy logic, 17 zones with total area of 649.1 hectares were selected for temporary sheltering. The results indicated that due to applied decisive limitations in Boolean method (classic method), the number of selected sites are more than Fuzzy method. Boolean logic is not appropriate for the areas that land use has some limitations. Assessment of applied fuzzy method in this research (WLC) showed that despite the simplicity of WLC method, it has high efficiency and makes possibility of allocating different weights to various criteria due to the importance of criteria. Considering this predominance; the outcomes of the selection of site using WLC fuzzy method have better resolution power. However results showed that the selection of site depends on the experience and personal judgment of the corresponding manager, therefore fuzzy logic has high efficiency.

Determining the precise location of sub-watersheds in flood production is very important. In some cases, it is time consuming and costly to do this by conducting field studies and mapping topographic maps. Today, the new and growing technology of LIDAR active sensor data is used to collect data from the ground surface, which operate based on measuring the distance of the laser. In this research, Gorgan Shast-Kalateh forest basin was selected due to various data. In order to prepare sub-watersheds and their characteristics, it is necessary to have a digital elevation model. In the above model, LIDAR and radar data and other sensors were used with spatial resolutions of 1, 12. 5 and 30 m, respectively to control the ground data. The streams were extracted using the appropriate model in each method and all types of watershed characteristics were obtained through Arc-Hydro and IDRISI software. The distance index of each stream from others and ground reality were investigated. Comparison of analyses was done in SPSS software. The sig-value for comparing altitudes along the streams for LIDAR with a pairwise t test was 0. 13, which shows no significant difference. Comparison of the streams of different digital models between the land 12. 5th m and 30th m and LIDAR, the sig-value of 0. 002 in Wilcoxon test, shows significant difference. Also, based on the overall conclusion, it was observed that there is a significant difference at 95% probability level, between the methods used. Eventually, LIDAR data had the highest accuracy with ground reality.