The ability of plant communities in natural ecosystems to modify temperature has become increasingly important due to the profound impacts of global climate change, particularly in arid regions. However, previous studies have provided limited information on the long-term temperature feedback of these plant communities and the biotic drivers behind these changes. This study aimed to determine the functional traits and types of plant communities as biotic drivers of land surface temperature (LST) at the plant community scale, with a focus on identifying co-functioning communities in the Sirjan region of Kerman Province. To achieve this, we utilized the MODIS-LST 8-day composite product at the plant community scale and measured functional traits of dominant species through field operations. The results revealed that leaf dry matter content (LDMC), maximum height (MH), and leaf width (LW) traits significantly reduce LST. Additionally, cluster analysis indicated that the plant communities in the study area can be classified into five functional groups, which fall into two co-function categories. The S-strategized co-function (e.g., 26 communities), characterized by high LDMC values and a combination of abrupt and trend feedback in LST, was found to be more effective than the R-strategized co-function (e.g., 13 communities), which exhibited only trend feedback. Therefore, it can be argued that extreme temperatures, as a global concern, can be mitigated through careful selection of vegetation based on functional traits and strategies. This approach, particularly through rangeland improvement practices using species such as Astragalus spachianus, Cornulaca monacantha, and Launaea acanthodes, could play a significant role in addressing this challenge.

One of the most important forest trees in the south of Kerman, which plays an important role in the region's ecosystem and beekeeping industry and is infected by wood-eating beetles, is Prosopis cineraria. These trees are an important habitat for various animals and refreshing the hot air of the south. In the sampling conducted during 1401-1400 from the mesquite forests of southern Kerman (Ghaleganj, Faryab, Anbarabad), the wood-eating beetle Xylopertha reflexicauda (Bostrichidae) was collected for the first time from Prosopis cineraria trees and is identified. The species of wood-eating beetle was identified by reliable scientific sources and was finally confirmed by Mr. Dr. Len Yu Liu. This species was first identified and described by Lesne in 1937. Due to the lack of water and recent droughts and the weakness of Iranian mesquite trees, the larvae of this beetle are active inside the trunk and bark of mesquite trees and feed on the wood and bark of tree trunks and cause great damage to Prosopis cineraria trees.

Since the evaluation of the diversity indicators in consumption of medicinal species by the beneficiary’s households and its driving factors is of utmost importance in marketing, multi-purpose planning of rangelands and sustainable development, a questionary-based study was carried out to determine the diversity indices of medicinal species consumption in settled nomadic communities living under different management and livelihood situations in the rangelands of Dyvaroeieh in Bardsir township, Kerman province, Iran. To this end, the medicinal species consumed by each household (as a study unit) in addition to the diversity indicators of consumption (i.e., dominance coefficient and Shannon-Weiner index) were evaluated under two management sites comprising Rangeland Management Plan (RMP) (i.e.,Dvyaroeieh 1) and the nearest adjacent rangeland without RMP (i.e., Dyvaroeieh 2, as control treatment ) and three livelihood levels (i.e., very poor (<50 million Rials monthly income), poor (50-100 million Rials monthly income) and moderate (100-150 million Rials monthly income)) under factorial test in SPSS software environment. The study's results revealed that both of management and livelihood factors can be applied by manager to increase diversity indices in medicinal plants consumed by beneficiaries. More specifically, management through RMP was more powerful and effective tool in this way. Therefore, it could conceivably be argued that RMP can be considered as a driving factor in increasing the diversity of medicinal plant consumption and also be a suitable platform to meet the needs and demands of rangelands’ beneficiaries in this field.

Introduction: due to importance of poverty reduction in reducing social problems, sustainable development of a country and increase of social welfare level or to detect qualified persons using welfare programs, to study the poverty phenomenon has to be studied This can help policy makers in poverty elimination.Method: we used the statistical data on household budgets for measuring poverty indices (Foster-Greer-Thorbecke).this study conducted for both urban and rural areas of Kerman province and their comparison with corresponding Indices in National level. Findings: in general, the trend of poverty measures in both urban and rural areas has been declining. Using independent T test we found that incidence and intensity of poverty in rural areas has been higher than the corresponding figures for the urban areas. all of three measures in urban areas of province was higher than the same measures in urban areas of Iran. Hypothesis of increasing poverty measures in rural areas of province than rural areas of Iran were confirmed only about two variables (e.g. P0, P1).Conclusion: although the general trend of poverty in both urban and rural areas of Kerman province has been declining, but in some years this trend has high fluctuation that show poverty reduction policies has not been applied in strategic and sustainable program and has not been with strict identification of the poor. Increased severity of poverty in rural areas of Kerman needs more attention by policy makers to identify the poor and allocate helps to them, in the end of study regarding to socio-economic properties of Kerman province, we propose recommendations for poverty reduction in province.

According to geomorphic systems affecting the settlement of areas, including in the planning and urban management. Due to the geographical location and structural the Kerman and performance of various systems of agents, such systems are alluvial, Aeolian and morphotectonic Implementation and management of all development plans need to be obsessively this space very carefully done. The incidence of serious risks such as ground subsidence, loss of water resources, tectonic activity and Aeolian processes in the atmosphere is solid evidence of this claim. Kerman is located at a point that many factors can affect its normal study of factors influencing the reduction of environmental hazards can be effective. The purpose of this study demonstrates the effect of natural factors and the impact of Kerman urban development on the intensity of negative factors affecting external. This research is trying to use GIS techniques to evaluate geomorphic systems the Kerman range of factors influencing the mapping of processes to check. The results show that morphotectonic systems, including Fluvial and Aeolian systems are effective the Kerman. The maps show that the levels of native lands, and large parts of the Kerman planar surfaces with low slope and covered with alluvial deposits and clay zones form. This can have a considerable impact on the intensity of risks.

Noise is defined as unwanted or objectionable sound. Human susceptibility to noise varies in terms of intensity, altitude, timbre of sound, personal sensibility, age, and history of ear disorder. Noise pollution which is the result of heterogeneous and uncontrolled developments of cities is one the serious problems in large cities of Iran. Although noise pollution in Kerman (located in southeast of Iran) is not as serious as that of large cities in Iran, it can be considered as one of the elements which have changed Kermans life pattern. In this study, conducted in 1999, in order to assess noise pollution level in Kerman, 13 stations were selected and the levels of Lmax, LAV, L99, L90, L50, L10 were measured daily for 156 days. Results, in all stations, indicated that sound level in Kerman exceeds national standard level and WHO guidelines. Therefore, it is essential to take some actions in order to control Kerman noise pollution with some undesirable impacts.

Determination of Optimum contentsop godarsorkh, sirjan, and godarsefid pozzolans to be replaced by 3 types of cement was carried out by two pozzolanic activity methods. Concrete mixtures with different amounts of pozzolans were made and their compressive strengths were measured. Mixtures showing higher strengths were selected as optimum mixtures for further investigation on their mechanical properties. Durability of concrete mixtures with and without pozzolans was assessed and compared with some other pozzolans. Test results show that concrete mixtures containing pozzolans have better performance than, normal concrete mixtures. Concrete mixtures containing sirjan pozzolan showed the highest, compressive strengths followed by godarsefid and godarsorkh pozzolans.

The main purpose of this research was collection and identification of medicinal plants in Kerman province. According to condition of soil, topography, temperature, climate and percipitation of this province. We gathered medicinal plants. 285 species were collected which classified in 200 genera and 71 family. Scientific name, Persian and local name, altitude, habitate conditions and distribution were mentioned in this paper. 72% species were herbaceous and 11.3% were shrubs. More species were distributed in the 1500 2500 meter from sea level.

Background and Purpose: Qara-Khitai is a seldom known government reigning over Kerman from 1223 to 1305 A. D. An exact examination of the history of the government indicates that simultaneous with reign of some of Qara-Khitai kings, political, social, and economic status of Kerman improved. Moreover, due to the skill and wisdom of the kings and doctors in their court, medical condition of Kerman as well as people’ s health enhanced. Accordingly, using reasoning and historical logic methods, the present study aims to first introduce Kerman Qara-Khitai government and then to examine diseases in that era and discuss how they were treating. Methods and Materials: The research was carried out using a library method and used various historical, medical and research sources in the form of books and articles. Results: The present study showed that physicians in Qara-Khitai court made use of herbal medicines and minerals existing in Kerman and adopted astounding methods of treating patients almost eight hundred years ago. Conclusion: It seems that the major diseases of the sultans were liver diseases.

Population growth, occupation and establishment of economic activities, social service and facilities in different areas of city and suburb cause an increase in demands for relocation to these areas and as a result create some problems in public transportation. Since physical infrastructure develop in recent decades, application of physical infrastructure in metropolis traffic management becomes so important. The Kerman metropolis is encountering with traffic issue, so the main objective of this research is to consider the quality of Kerman’s traffic with emphasis on the role of physical infrastructure in decreasing traffic volume and provision of citizen safety. The research hypothesis is stated in this way: it seems that physical infrastructure in Kerman city is not consistent with traffic needs, these research is a descriptive analytical and uses Quantitative and qualitative method’s such as interview with experts, observation and field detection are also used in this research. According to the Morgan table, the sample size of 384 is selected. The search analysis unit is Kerman citizens. The 1 and 5 zone of Kerman is the analysis level of the research. The results indicate that there are many weaknesses in relation to the physical infrastructure of Kerman city. The result of t-test that Sig value equals to 0.078, this value is higher than 0.5, so the citizens believes that physical infrastructure of Kerman can't be helpful in reducing the traffic density. The results of the research indicate that the assumption is o.95 acceptable.