Aim and background: Cornelian cherry (Cornus MAS L.) belongs to the family Cornaceae. It is a tall deciduous shrub or small tree of 5 to 8 m high. This plant is popular in Southern Europe and Asia. Fruits of these species are not only consumed fresh but also used to produce jam, jelly, stewed fruit, marmalade, syrup and several types of soft drinks. It is also used for medicinal purposes due to properties of stalk and fruits. The leaves and seed of this species is used in pharmaceuticals. The tree is also valuable for ornamentation as an evergreen broadleaf plant.Despite the widespread use of cornelian cherry, a few studies on this plant have been conducted in Iran.Materials and Methods: In this research 6 populations of Cornus MAS belongs to Cornus genus that collected from 3 locations of Iran, studied using root apex meristem, number and dimensions of chromosomes in the mitosis division measured, and determined karyotypic formula for any population.Results: The number of genome was 9 and kind of chromosome was metacentric, sub-metacentric and sub-telocentric. The most and lowest mean of chromosome length belongs to C2 population (47.7 micron) and C3 population (3.50 micron) respectively. The populations were compared using Stebbins method based on karyotype. C2 and C3 lied in 1A class and other populations in 2A class, so C2 and C3 populations were symmetrical than others. Karyotypic formula of C1, C2, C4, C5 and C3 and C6 was determined as 10m+8sm and 6m+12m respectively.Conclusion: Cytological samples showed minor differences in this sample compared to other samples, for example, a satellite is in samples C5 pairs of chromosome No.4

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are somehow complicated to treat and patients frequently will have the problem of infection recurrence after complete cure. Usually, the UTI treatment is done by antibiotics but the problem of bacterium resistance and sensitivity should be always kept in mind. The recent trends in herbal medicine open new insight to cranberry (Cornus MAS) as the promising anti-infection and anti-cancer substance. It has shown anti– infection property in UTI especially for the complete treatment of urinary tract recurrent infection. However, it can increase the risk of kidney stones and have interaction with warfarin.

This study aimed to analyze the validity and reliability of Revised Moral Authority Scale (MRS-R).652 Students of High school Ardabil (320 Female's, 332 Males) were selected by multistage sampling method and completed Revised Moral Authority Scale (MAS-R). Exploratory Factor analysis and internal consistency were used to compute the Revised Moral Authority Scale (MRS-R) factor structure (construct validity) and reliability, respectively. Cronbach's Coefficients indicated that both factors and the sub factors of Revised Moral Authority Scale (MAS-R) were highly reliable. Also, the results of the exploratory factor analysis indicated four factors in this scale. In general, Revised Moral Authority Scale is a valid and reliable scale for studying Moral Authority.

Background: Fertility control is an issue of global and national public health concern. Though considerable progress has been made in the development of methods of contraception among females, progress and possibilities are still slow and limited. Therefore, there is a need to develop new contraceptive modalities for males. In this study the antifertility activities of Cornus MAS were evaluated in male rats.Materials and Methods: In 40 male adult rats, weighing 180-210 g, the methanolic extract of Cornus MAS was administered at four doses 400, 200, 100 and 50 mg/kg for 21 days. The control group received normal saline for the same duration. Animals were sacrificed and the testes were collected for histopathological studies.Results: Cornus MAS treatment for 21 days caused appreciable alterations in histological appearance of the testes.There were various degrees of damage and lytic necrosis to the seminiferous tubules. Severe interstitial edema, hyperemia and dissociation of germinal epithelium were prominent. Intertubular multinucleated giant cells, also, were found. Histological changes were severe in the groups which received higher doses of Cornus MAS extract.Conclusion: The results of this study showed that methanolic extract of Cornus MAS in higher doses has antifertility properties.

Cornelian cherry grows naturally in Arasbaran forests and a plenty amount of its fruit have annually been exploited in traditional manner. This study aimed to determine the cornelian cherry fruit production and the relationship between vegetative characteristics and amount of fruit production for three consecutive years. For this purpose, as cornelian cherry habitat, the forest stand by 50 hectares in Kalaleh village in North West of Iran (Arasbaran region) was selected. To determine cornelian cherry fruit production per hectare, the number of cornelian cherry stems per hectare was determined along 15 transects with distance of 100 m apart from each other. To estimate fruit product, a number of 45 individuals of cornelian cherry were selected and then marked along transects with randomized systematic method. Then, for three years, similar vegetative characteristics: total height (m), crown height (m), crown diameter (m), diameter at breast height (mm), diameter at collar (mm), number of coppice shoots and fruit product (gr) were measured annually. Mathematical model regression to determine relationship between the measured vegetative characteristics and fruit production per stem were established. Then Fruit product per hectare was calculated given the number of stems per hectares. According to survey results, the mean number of Cornelian cherry was calculated 530 individuals per hectare. Average fruit production in three consecutive years, respectively 446.97, 318.69 and 253.37grams for each trees. Also was found that three characteristics: canopy diameter, diameter at collar of the main stem and number of coppice shoots were significantly correlated with the fruits product. These three characteristics can be used as crucial factors in the management and silviculture operations of the forest in order to increase the fruit production.

The milk samples of 150 goats (from 300 udder halves) were tested first by MAS-D-TEC device (Wescor, Inc., Logan, USA) in which the electrical conductivity graded from 0 to 9, then compared with evaluating the same samples by CMT and graded as: T (Trace), + 1, +2 and +3. The milk samples were collected aseptically and sent to diagnostic lab for bacteriological cultures on Blood agar and Mac Conkey agar media. Statistical analyses used in this survey were Mc-Nemar, Chi2, Sensitivity, Specificity and Kappa. Of 300 samples from goats sent for culture, 24 samples (8%) were positive. The most important agent of subclinical MAStitis in goat in Garmsar was staphylococcus epidermis. According to the result of the present study, MAS-D- TEC device has acceptable sensitivity and specificity to detect subclinical MAStitis in goat (100% and 92%, respectively). Also, there is a substantially agreement (kappa statistic=0.73) between ECT (with MAS-D-TEC device) and CMT to detect subclinical MAStitis in goat. Therefore, it seems; this device can be used as a screening test to detect subclinical MAStitis in goat in the same way used in cow.

Introduction: Cornus is a very large genus which comprises 40 species of shrubs and trees native to Central and Southern Europe and parts of Western Asia. Many species are grown as ornamentals. Only a few species are grown for their fruits, chief among which is the cornelian cherry (Cornus MAS L.). Study on the nutritional value of the cornelian cherry has focused on nutrients which play a role in preventing diseases such as scurvy. Fresh cornelian cherry fruits contain twice as much vitamin C as oranges. The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution and physicochemical properties of cornelian cherry (Cornus MAS L.) fruits in Iran…