The purpose of this research is to investigate the situation of creative tourism and identify the strategies to achieve the development of creative tourism in Ahvaz metropolis. In terms of practical purpose, the present study is exploratory in nature and based on survey and field method. The required data has been collected through documentary, library and field methods. The dimensions and components of the research were identified using a researcher-made questionnaire, which was confirmed through face validity and Cronbach's alpha reliability (0. 816). The statistical population includes managers and trustees of related organizations and expert experts in the field of creative tourism issues in Ahvaz metropolis, 20 of whom were selected as a sample size based on snowball sampling and to develop a strategy. Metaswot analytical technique has been used to develop creative tourism. The results show that this city ranks lower than Kuwait in terms of developing creative tourism and achieving the level of economic, social, environmental and physical sustainability, but compared to the cities of Khorram Abad., the city of Kurd and Basra has a more suitable position. Things like tourism branding through extensive information and advertising, tourists' appropriate mental image of the city and the presence of ethnic groups of the same religion and language on both sides of the common borders of Iran and Iraq, which are most suitable for the creative tourism goals of Ahvaz metropolis, as Its tourism development strategies are prominent.

Introduction: The physical growth of cities along with the rapid growth of urban population and the inability of city managers to meet the needs of this population-which is due to unpreparedness to face this situation-is the starting point for various inequalities. The existence of these inequalities has led to the formation of informal settlements. Pakdasht is one of the satellite cities of Tehran due to its proximity to Tehran, low housing prices and the presence of industrial towns around it as an immigrant hub of the metropolis of Tehran and other immigrants in the country, which has accommodated countless poor rural immigrants. And has led to adverse consequences such as rising unemployment, inadequacies in providing services to the growing population, increasing anomalies and poverty. In this research, with accurate knowledge of informal settlements in Pakdasht, practical strategies in this field are presented. The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze quantitative indicators in informal settlements of Pakdasht, identify the harms of urban management and its impact on the formation and growth of informal settlements, evaluate the resources and capabilities of urban management and finally provide urban management strategies to empower and organize these settlements. . Then the order of imitation, irreplaceability, value and scarcity of the study area is explained. In this regard, an attempt has been made to answer the following question. What are the management strategies for informal settlements in Pakdasht? Methodology: The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical method. The collection of information and data was in the form of documents-libraries. In such a way that the studies related to the theoretical foundations of the documentary method and the data related to the findings, the questionnaire tool has been used. The statistical population of the study is a group of experts from which 30 people who were familiar with the environment and the subject and have studied in this regard were selected by available means. The criterion for selecting this number was theoretical saturation. The data analysis method was META-SWOT method. Results and discussion: All inputs of this study are based on objectives such as reducing the vulnerability of informal settlements in Pakdasht, managing informal settlements with high priority, and providing optimal strategies with medium priority. In the next step, key factors such as correlation between physical, social and security indicators, responsibility of residents and officials in maintaining urban spaces, financial management system in informal settlements, public participation, social cohesion for the success of urban management in informal settlements were identified. Then, it was determined what is the situation of urban development management factors in Pakdasht city in terms of the proposed indicators compared to the city under study. Five levels of much lower, lower, almost equal, higher and much higher were used to make these comparisons. In this regard, 5 informal settlements of Enghelab town, Hesar Amir, Vosat alley, Zeinabieh and west of Ustad Shahriyar were compared. Urban management injuries have been identified for informal settlements in Pakdasht. Due to the non-uniform weight of the identified targets, based on the opinions of experts and specialists in the field of pathology of informal settlements, they were prioritized based on the importance at three levels (high, medium and low). Finally, effective environmental factors outside the control of urban management were identified. These factors include the large volume of passing traffic and heavy vehicles, the lack of serious urban services, economic poverty, unemployment, the existence of informal economic activities, the fragmentation of urban society, the existence of various subcultures and cultural and social backwardness and illiteracy, marginalized face and functions. City, urban burnout, acceleration of growth in the absence of a targeted program, polarization of Pakdasht urban society and rising housing prices and the cost of living. Based on these factors, the strategic fit and the fit of resources and capabilities with the goals of urban management was done. Finally, according to the decisions and output of the software, a strategic map was drawn. Conclusion: Since informal settlement is ultimately a local issue, the municipality, as a non-governmental institution and the highest and most important source of urban management, will play a major role in the process of presenting strategies and empowering informal settlements. Therefore, municipalities should take different initiatives from the past to make the best use of the participation and internal resources of these communities. The presence of more than 20% of the population of Pakdasht city in informal areas and its rapid growth is a warning to the officials and their serious concern for this issue. Addressing the current difficulties of these neighborhoods at the same time as anticipating future problems arising from their growth is essential, which requires special and comprehensive measures, different from the current routine. These measures, due to their nature, on the one hand must be done in an integrated and multidisciplinary manner in the physical environment, and on the other hand must be accompanied by physical measures and even before them, socio-economic programs for these communities. Such a comprehensive and all-out solution requires the alignment and cooperation of the relevant agencies. In connection with dealing with informal settlement, various policies and strategies from acceptance and recognition to their cleansing and destruction have been experienced, and in recent years in various countries, including our country, the solution of empowerment, institutionalization has been considered.

Given the critical importance of branding, tourism destinations seek to attract broader support in social, environmental, and managerial dimensions and set their management methods. To accomplish such goals and to establish an optimal management approach, one needs to identify the influential factors. This paper aimed to establish a sustainable branding management strategy for coastal tourism destinations by identifying influential factors. The resource-based theory was used besides the METASWOT technique to establish a sustainable branding management strategy in Chabahar coastal zone. This mixed descriptive-analytical study was conducted on a statistical population of 84 experts and tourists. It used tested indices of a sustainable brand. The resource-based approach in sustainable branding included a set of assets and abilities that were available and useful in identifying threats and opportunities while reacting to them. This set was considered based on the “ valuability, ” “ scarcity, ” “ non-imitability, ” “ non-replaceability of resources, ” and “ internal capabilities. ” Besides, Chabahar coastal zone was compared to Oman, Kish, and Qeshm to identify the competitive dimensions. Given the tendency of local people and government towards economic development in Chabahar and the results from other qualitative and quantitative studies, it can be suggested that Chabahar coastal zone had the capacities required for collaborative and community-centered management. Based on the results, the optimal management strategy for this zone was resource-based, collaborative, and community-centered.

The discussion of metropolitan governments, as well as a large number of governmental and managerial domains within a metropolitan area, has functioned without any single governmental authority to decide and act throughout the metropolitan area. Based on this, one of the challenges always discussed in the regional management system of Iran, especially in the last decade, has been the issue of physical division and spatial abstraction of land at the national, middle and local levels. Alborz province is the 31st reproductive province of Iran, which was officially formed in 2010. On the other hand, the spatial consequences of such reproduction are not limited to national and middle class divisions, and in 2012, the formation of Ferdis city and the physical abstraction of this nucleus from the other two core (Karaj cores and Mehrshahr cores ) began. To conduct this research, the survey method, Delphi technique and also the combination of SWOT-MetaSWOT model have been used. The results of this study, while providing negative feedback on the spatial disintegration of the region, such as high population density and heterogeneity of population texture of regions and neighborhoods and differences in the level of boundaries and uncertainty of the area, believes that integrated planning and management in a total of 12 municipal districts with three cores Old Karaj, Mehrshahr and Ferdis are interconnected and semi-governmental beyond local management, have inherent flexibility and dynamism, have specific functional areas at the metropolitan area, and have sufficient tools to ensure their decision components.

Extended AbstractIntroductionBenefiting from the valuable consequences of tourism will be possible when there is sufficient knowledge about the nature of this phenomenon and its characteristics and the capabilities of different regions of the country. Among the serious challenges to the development of tourism is the imbalanced growth between the capabilities and potentials of tourism in a region or a country with the growth of the sector providing services to tourists. Big and touristic cities are facing many problems, and this issue, especially in historical cities with traditional contexts that are located in the center of the city, makes it difficult to provide services for city residents, and the location of tourist centers in the traditional context and the pressure of tourism. This doubles the problem. In order to reduce and prevent the negative effects of tourism and proper distribution of space for providing services, it is necessary to determine the model of the city's tourist space and organize tourist spaces to provide city facilities and services such as hotels and restaurants, residences, transportation access facilities, increase the attractiveness of Cultural and artistic activities and providing tourist services. The city of Shiraz is one of the centers of attracting tourists at the national and international level in Iran. Due to its proximity to Takht Jamshid, this city hosts a large number of domestic and foreign tourists every year. Also, by having abundant environmental resources and benefiting from the cultural and historical support of several thousand years, it has a special ability to develop the tourism industry, but in terms of the prosperity of these functions, it has not been able to gain a place worthy of attention. The current research seeks to develop strategies for the development of tourism services, so that by evaluating these variables, the performance of officials and managers from the perspective of the people, experts, tourists and trustees of Shiraz city, in relation to the development of urban tourism services, and practical solutions for improvement. The existing situation and the satisfaction of tourists should be presented as a result.MethodologyThis research is considered to be an applied-developmental goal and a documentary, library, descriptive, analytical, causal and survey method. To conduct the research, first, the information available in written sources and specialized and related organizations was extracted, and in order to complete and update the information, questionnaires and observation of tourism services were used. The statistical population of this research consists of three groups. In the first part, experts, activists and senior managers of the General Department of Fars Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicrafts, professors specializing in tourism in universities, the cultural and social organization of the municipality, as well as private sector activists in Shiraz city were used, and in the second part, executive directors and experts were used. Related institutions and organizations and the third group are tourists The model used in the analysis of the current research is MetaSWOT.Results and DiscussionFinally, in order to formulate the final solutions, it was judged about the amount and possibility of combining important environmental factors with resources and abilities, and it was determined whether the combination of these factors with each other is a way forward in formulating a strategy. Based on this, the most important measures in this direction can be mentioned as follows:One of the important factors in the development of tourism services of Shiraz International Airport is that if it is managed on the basis of autonomous and self-governing management based on meritocracy (administered in the form of a company), that is, the manager collects the revenues in proportion to the expenses. Also, one of the problems in the development of tourism services is the legal and legal contradictions that have always created limitations for this sector; Therefore, it is necessary to review and resolve these contradictions in order to be able to take steps to develop tourism services from the existence of valuable ecological, historical and cultural areas in the context of Shiraz city. Considering that Shiraz is the export hub of engineering and technical services in the south of the country, by increasing the support and cooperation (financial and administrative) between official institutions, private sectors and public institutions, the creation of tourism service centers can be organized and promoted. And by emphasizing the spirit of hospitality of the people of Shiraz, which is divided due to contradictions in social and cultural laws, he strengthened it by setting moral codes in the form of a legal article in a clear and explicit manner. One of the strengths of the city of Shiraz is its uniqueness in terms of medicine and treatment, which has provided the opportunity for branding in this field.ConclusionTourism services as one of the new topics in the world of urban planning have been noticed by many planners and policy makers. In this research, the city of Shiraz was considered as a destination city for tourism services. After examining the strengths and potentials of Shiraz in the direction of developing tourism services and determining the position of this city compared to two important tourism competitors, as well as the results of examining external factors, the most important of which is the wear and tear of facilities, equipment and tools used, including the road network. , hotels and guesthouses, etc., insufficient quantity and quality of facilities, equipment, amenities and service infrastructures in the city of Shiraz, lack of integrity in providing tourism services using information technology, lack of attention to fair distribution of services at the level of tourist attractions , lack of allocation of necessary and sufficient budget for tourism services, weakness in civil manners (human weaknesses, lack of social responsibility, etc.), habitation of addicts, vagabonds and vagrants in the historical and valuable context of the city.