The historical texture of the city of Yazd houses various buildings of different periods in its heart and houses related to the Qajar period have a special place. Of these, twelve houses have mirrored decorations (Aina-kari) that embellish various motifs. This research is carried out using historical an analytical descriptive method. To this end, the sources of research, including written sources, have been gathered by library method and have been used to analyze the symbolic meanings of the intended motifs. The most important questions raised in this research are: What symbolic motifs have been used in Mirroring of houses in Yazd? What is the symbolic origin of these motifs? The results of this research show that decorative motifs are classified into four general categories including herbal, animal, geometric and epigraphy. Each of these can include symbolic meanings. Many of these motifs have a special meaning in their pre-Islamic culture and have been used in Islamic culture either with the same concept or with little change as a symbol. Some of the motifs can be observed although they did not exist in pre-Islamic culture of Iran, but they also had an effect on Persian literature and used in applied arts because of their importance and emphasis on Islamic culture. Some of the motifs have important in Persian literature and are considered as symbols. Therefore, three origins can be used as the symbolic source of many motifs used in Mirroring of Yazd city including Iran’ s pre-Islamic culture, the Iranian Islamic culture and Persian literature.

This paper examines the importance of having a multicultural curriculumin amulticultural society. It focuses on the theory of “recognition” and its application in multicultural educational contexts. Recognition is an important social mechanism that needs to be practiced at both personal and social levels. In the public place of school, students of different race, gender, class, and ethnicity need to be recognized for their individuality and distinctness from everyone else so that their identity is not glossed over by the identity of the majority group. Meanwhile, students should be treated all equally as human beings no matter where they are coming from or what their differences are. This is what Charles Taylor calls ‘the politics of difference’ and ‘the politics of equal dignity’. Recognition, whether it is recognition of human differences or it is recognition of human equality, needs to be a central concern of educators and be practiced at schools. This paper examines Taylor’s politics of recognition as well as Charles Bingham’s idea on “Mirroring” which is very much related to the concept of recognition. In addition, using Vivian Paley's teaching experiences, some practical examples will be given to explain recognizing students for who they are and celebrating their heterogeneity in classroom.

The sociological approach to literature examines a literary work with reference to the social milieu of its creator and focuses on the interaction between social milieu and literary work, and it introduces the role of the society in the creation of a work of art.The purpose of this article is as follows: 1. Investigation of the impact of sociology on the Persian Literature.2. A glance at the political and literary milieu in Safavid era.3. Short Introduction to Kalim Kashani and his poetry.4. Investigating social institutions from the sociologists’ perspective.5. Evaluation of social elements in Kashani’s poetry using social institutions as yardsticks in order to illustrate the role of social effects in Mirroring the society of his time.

As the editorial management team of the Journal of Tehran University Heart Center, we are deeply honored to connect with our readers, contributors, and the broader scientific community. We are thrilled to announce a pivotal moment in our journal’s journey: its rebranding to Research in Heart Yield and Translational Medicine (RHYTHM). This change reflects two key objectives. First, we sought a name with greater international appeal, moving beyond the geographical constraints of our former title to align with our growing global audience and influence. Second, the new title better represents our expansive scientific scope, covering all facets of cardiovascular medicine from foundational basic research and clinical investigations to translational medicine, innovative therapies, and their real-world impact. RHYTHM embodies the heartbeat of innovation in cardiovascular science, Mirroring our commitment to advancing discovery and improving patient outcomes worldwide.

This Letter explores the transformative impact of stealth assessment on medical education and its potential to enhance learning outcomes. Stealth assessment, an innovative approach, subtly measures students’ learning progress while the students interact with rich and engaging environments, seamlessly integrating assessment within authentic learning activities. By Mirroring the testing scenario with the learning format, stealth assessment mitigates test-related anxiety and promotes continuous engagement in training. It also plays a pivotal role in evaluating non-cognitive skills and attributes, such as empathy and ethical decision-making, which are often overlooked by traditional testing methods. Stealth assessment offers advantages in scalability andefficiency, leveraging technology and automation to streamline data analysis and feedback generation. The adoption of stealth assessment in medical education holds the promise of nurturing self-directed learning, reflective practices, and the development of nuanced skills necessary for medical practice, ultimately producing competent and well-rounded healthcare professionals.

Many critics believe that Hedayat drives characters of his fictions to death, and this is something arising from his death aware mentality and his pessimistic attitude to life. There are some problems with Critical studies of Hedayat's stories. First, they see the works full of philosophical despair. Secondly, they treat the protagonists as Mirroring the character of the author. However, delving in motives of Hedayat's stories, one can be suspicious about philosophical treatment of death of the fictional characters. Hedayat is among the writers who have especial approach to reveal psychological aspects of the characters in narrative structure of his stories. According to Freud theory of instincts, human behavior was motivated by two biologically energized instincts, respectively termed Eros, the life instinct, and Thanatos, the death instinct. When the life instinct decays as a result of failure, the death instinct takes the place of it. The research tries to study the stories in this framework.

Riddles are the main cultural components in various languages. Besides being entertaining, they play a principal role in transmitting knowledge and social values. In the Taleshi Anbaran language, riddles are part of folklore, Mirroring Taleshi society’s intelligence, creativity, and traditions. The current study examines riddles in the Taleshi language and seeks to analyze their roles in preserving the local tongue and culture. The study has explored their importance for linguistic identity and social communications by studying their linguistic structures, common motifs, and social applications. The study was conducted using a descriptive-analytical approach, and its data were collected in the field and library and were analyzed according to the content analysis. At the end, each riddle with its key words was translated separately. The study’s findings indicate that the common Taleshi riddles in the Anbaran region are representative of its society’s worldview, and they can be classified based on natural, growing, animate, inanimate groups, as well as spiritual, religious, and abstract themes.

This study critically examines Todd Phillips’ Joker (2019) through the theoretical framework of Louis Althusser, identifying a lacuna in Iranian academic discourse—the exploration of political narratives in Hollywood’s comic book adaptations. While Joker achieved commercial success akin to its superhero film counterparts, its nuanced political commentary sets it apart. This paper interrogates the film’s depiction of Althusser’s ideological and repressive state apparatuses within the capitalist milieu of the fictional Gotham City. Through a meticulous analysis of pivotal scenes, the paper elucidates the strategies employed by Gotham’s ruling entities to perpetuate hegemony, drawing parallels with the political landscape of contemporary America. The research employs a qualitative content analysis methodology, enabling a nuanced interpretation of the film’s subtextual elements that resonate with the socio-political climate of the United States, particularly during the Trump era. Conclusively, Joker emerges not merely as a cinematic experience but as a reflective social commentary, Mirroring the class struggle and the political machinations prevalent in American society.