Criticism and assessment of thought streams of contemporary Iran is affected by how they face with the problem of modernity and tradition. In the confluence of Iranians and modern world, intellectual elites through making a judgment about these two options, at the same time, determined the direction of their theoretical path. In the present article, with referring to the intellectual needs in understanding the three approaches: modernoriented, domestic (or native)-oriented and selective (or eclectic!!)-oriented, the focus will be on the thought of Jalal Ale Ahmad. Ale Ahmad according to his literary, political and intellectual works is a domestic-oriented thinker. This writing intends to discuss this hypothesis that for what reasons the domesticoriented outlook contains paradoxical and poor ideas. It will be argued that Ale Ahmad both in proposing the meanings of the "West" and "Modernity", and more important, the "Eastern" or "Domestic", represents paradoxes and contradictions. In order to confirm the hypothesis in this text, descriptive-analytical method with reference to this author's works will be utilized.

The pioneers of the humanist movement or the third force, particularly Abraham Maslow, rejected the views of the first and second force, i.e. behaviorism and psychoanalysis. They adopted a pretty optimistic view toward human beings and paid attention to personality development and perfection and cultivation of human beings’ hidden talents. With new psychological studies, Maslow, the spiritual leader of this movement, hoped to talk of an elevated form of psychology that is beyond self in near future. This article reviews and analyzes the views based on basic methodology and library studies. There was negative answer to the fundamental research question: Has the humanism of the 20th century led by Maslow resolved psychological and educational issues and problems of the current and future generations? The reason is the basis of the thoughts in this movement is humanistic which ignore human’s natural identity and their potential, innate capabilities and consider the external factors involved in human upbringing. NATIVISM-oriented psychology and education with its hierarchy of human development was the answer to the second research question: Can we have a basic psychological and educational system which is culture-free and provides answer to psychological and educational issues of all human beings? There was also a positive answer to third research question: Can there be a NATIVISM-oriented hierarchy which delineates stages of human development? The author believes there can be a new outlook on human beings by revising and completing humanistic theories. Drawing inspiration from Islamic principles and the theories of prominent Muslim figures like Molavi, the author has proposed NATIVISM-oriented psychology and education as an introduction to the new theory. It is not limited to any specific time period or place and meets the human needs. It also fulfills Maslow’s dream who hoped for a sympathetic and affectionate NATIVISM-oriented psychology which can explore deep recesses and extreme points of human NATIVISM. It seems applying this theory not only paves the way for reaching mental health and healthy personality but also helps humanity rise to peaks of development and perfection.

Sohrab Saeidi is one of the hardworking authors and poets of Hormozgan who has been active in literature field for almost 18 years. He has published seven poetry books, 45 books and more than 120 research papers; He is an M. A. of Persian language and literature, as well as teaching Persian literature in schools. Hence, is acquainted with classical and contemporary Persian literature. Such acquaintance has led to entering his academic literary information and rituals and elements of his hometown’ s literature; the present study examines Sohrab Saeidi’ s blank verse triplets by means of content analysis and library research method. It has been clarified that he is the first poet in Hormozgan province who has versified in blank verse triplets. He is also among the first poets of such form in Iran.

The conflict between tradition and modernity, has led to the identity crisis in Iran's contemporary society. This identity crisis with the arrival and spread of NATIVISM took an anti-western and anti-modern direction. At the beginning it was seemed that Islamism can get both tradition and modernity together and solve the conflict between them. But the Iran's post-revolution experiences has not confirm this idea. A combination of NATIVISM and the critique of development with an anti-modern and anti-western stance, constructed the Islamic Republic of Iran’ s development discourse. Although the forming conditions of the former are very modern, it was trying to enter a traditional and original content, mostly with religious themes, in the meaning of development. And the latter, inspired by non-traditional and largely by western and postmodern thinkers sought to deny and reject modernity and the prevalent meaning of development in favor of the traditional content. Moreover, there are several and antagonistic signifiers in the discourse of the Islamic Republic, as the dominant post revolutionary discourse, that are not articulated firmly and this activated the tradition versus modern debate again. This created conflicts that eventually led to the departure of the Islamic Republic from development discourse.

NATIVISM was a reaction from the intellectuals who aimed at catching the attentions of their addressees to their roots and origins. Many countries experiencing colonialism, turned their attention to the subject, and naturally, different intellectual communities in Iran responded to it, as well. Analysing pre-Revolution literary movements, we can find NATIVISM, a movement usually ignored by the critics. The stories written during this movement criticizes the others, and the government following the others, and draw the people’s attention to their roots. In the present article, reviewing briefly Iran’s historical, social, cultural and literature conditions during the years 1320 to 1357 (S.H.), we have shown the main features of these stories, including, NATIVISM, caring about Iranian-Islamic identity. The research reveals that during the 1320s and 1330s, the feature of NATIVISM fades. The policies of Pahlavi regime in these two decades, and the way he treats the intellectuals create conditions which ultimately leads in their indifference to NATIVISM. But the influence of the intellectual movements, particularly, the thoughts of Al Ahmad and Shari’ati, and the changes in the social condition of the country from 1342 on strengthens it in 1340s and 135s.

NATIVISM is a modern term that emerged in parallel with the process of the independence and liberation of the eastern colonized countries from the domination of the western colonialist countries and at the same time, it emerged in various fields, including fiction. By examining the various definitions of this term and the way they are used in all kinds of literary research, it can be seen that choosing any of these definitions can easily change or deviate the research process and its results. In other words, the lack of a precise and practical definition of NATIVISM can be considered the most important challenge and shortcoming of studies related to this field. In order to achieve such a definition, this article has analyzed and found the roots of the meaning of NATIVISM in Iranian fiction from 1285 to 1400 in a descriptive and analytical way. In this way, at the beginning of the research, all presuppositions about NATIVISM were ignored; then this term was analyzed from social, intellectual and literary aspects. The research results showed that NATIVISM is different from Native writing and other similar concepts in terms of meaning and function. Also, in the redefining of this term, as the most important finding of the research, it was found that NATIVISM in fiction is a two-faceted reaction that deals with both native and colonial components at the same time. Extended Abstract Introduction NATIVISM is a modern term that is linked with concepts such as identity, culture, colonialism, modernity and other. The connection of NATIVISM with these concepts, while revealing the extent of its dimensions and practical aspects, has provided various and different definitions of this concept to researchers, which depending on the way these definitions are applied in studies, may lead to different and possibly conflicting results. Therefore, providing a correct and accurate definition of NATIVISM should be considered as the most important part of research related to this category. Among the various sources that have dealt with NATIVISM and its various dimensions, nativist stories have always been of special importance. The importance of these works from various aspects such as xenophobia, showing the aspects of colonialism and its consequences, revealing the perspective of Iranian story writers against foreign domination, and finally recognizing the components and manifestations of NATIVISM in stories have always been worthy of attention. This importance doubles when we know that in addition to the connection with the mentioned concepts, NATIVISM has an inseparable connection with other social components such as culture, language, religion, history, politics and geography of Iran. In any case, in order to start research in the field of NATIVISM, it is necessary to provide a precise definition of it at the beginning, and then based on that, works should be selected and various aspects of NATIVISM would be examined. In this regard, this paper examines the roots of the meaning of NATIVISM in Iranian fiction through the description and analysis of social, literary and intellectual aspects in the constitutional time period until 1400 AD. There is a need to remind that until now, there has been no significant and specific research on the meaning of NATIVISM in Iranian fiction literature, and its vacancy as a foundational research for other literary researches is quite noticeable. Methodology This research seeks to provide a detailed and practical redefinition of the concept of NATIVISM in Iranian fiction based on previous studies and existing stories. The research method in this paper is based on data description and analysis; It means collecting data from various sources (documentary study) and deducing from data through description, comparison and logical reasoning. Results and Findings Analyzing the meaning of NATIVISM in contemporary Iranian fiction and finding a precise and practical definition for it was the most important goal of this research, and to answer it, the concept of NATIVISM was examined from social, literary and intellectual aspects. The results of this research show that NATIVISM has two origins and two main approaches. the anti-colonial approach with eastern origin, which is mainly related to Asian, African, Latin American countries and Iran; and the anti-immigration approach with Western origins, which is mainly related to the United States and European countries. One of the other findings of this research is the revelation of the semantic difference between the term NATIVISM and other similar concepts, which was examined and analyzed in a separate section. But the most important results of this research are related to the characteristics of nativist stories and its components. We can generally see that NATIVISM is a conscious reaction against the domination and colonization of a foreign country, which usually arises when feeling the danger and critical conditions of the period of domination and colonization. These kinds of stories always have two main and basic aspects that a considerable amount of text is dedicated to them. The first aspect is related to xenophobia and showing various aspects and consequences of domination and colonialism. But the second aspect is related to the representation of Iranian culture and identity and showing the capacities and abilities of the land of Iran, which have occurred in the stories at both national and local levels. Conclusion By comparing the results and summarizing the analysis, it is possible to introduce NATIVISM in contemporary Iranian fiction as follows: NATIVISM is a two-faceted and conscious reaction to the domination and colonization of foreign countries, which, on the one hand, introduces the foreign element and describes the aspects and consequences of colonization and the method of confronting it; And on the other hand, it represents the native culture and identity and shows the capacities and abilities of the land of Iran.

Houshang Moradi Kermani is among fiction writers who is prominent and renowned in Iran who writes in NATIVISM style, however, he thinks universally and due to this fact many of his literary works have been translated into European languages such as Russian, Turkish and recently translated into Arabic. Among his writing characteristics are paying attention to native features and regional characteristics including customs and rituals, folklore literature, ecological conditions such as plant covering and weather conditions. Among these stories which reflect ecological elements and NATIVISM is the novel “You are not a stranger!”. In the present paper, we chose this book due to its application of folklore literature, customs and rituals, and ecological and living conditions of the people who live in deserts of Kerman. We have tried to examine the author’s folklore regarding Kermani people’s regional characteristics and Moradi Kermani’s hometown.

The study of lexical bundles, among types of text analysis, is gaining importance over the others in the last century. The present study employed a frequency-based analysis approach to the use of lexical bundles. The discussion section of 60 political science articles, with corpora around 253,063 words were investigated in three aspects of structure, form, and function of lexical bundles. The present study selected its data pool out of scholarly articles from qualified journals  in the field of political sciences. One part of the data pool was made up of 30 articles written by American native speakers. The second half of the data comprised the 30 articles written by Iranian scholars in political sciences. The findings showed that native and Persian-speaking writers employed the same forms of lexical bundles, and there were significant differences concerning the nativeness and functions. Bearing in mind the findings of the present study, material developers would think of the possibility of the addition of lexical clusters into the materials. It can similarly be valuable for the development of the second language writing strategies, for those who need to write in academic contexts especially political contexts.

Localism is a modern term that emerged in the process of independence and liberation of the eastern colonized countries from the domination of the western colonialist countries and at the same time entered various fields including fiction. In this context, the analysis of fictional works has special importance as one of the most important sources of NATIVISM,because on the one hand it is connected with various social concepts and on the other hand it leads to our understanding of the components of NATIVISM and how to use them in the text. In this regard, this article with the descriptive and analytical method, analyzes the components of NATIVISM in the book "Parandeh dar Baad (Bird in the Wind) ". In this way, first the primary data was collected through documentary study and then it was analyzed in the framework of the definition of NATIVISM and the components of Iranian identity. The results of the research showed that the author highlighted the components of Iranian identity in this book, namely: language, culture, religion, history and geography of the land, as well as foreign-oriented aspects.