Most patients with diabetes will present to hospital for a reason not directly related to their diabetes. When a person with diabetes is not cared for properly, hospitalization can become complicated and lead to worse consequences for the patient. In fact, it is important to know how to manage a diabetic patient while in hospital. Therefore, a special organization is needed in hospitals for adaptation to chronic diseases such as diabetes. This study intends to help hospital adaptation to the special needs of diabetic patients by identifying patterns of care delivery in selected countries. This comparative study was performed in 2021. The data collection was conducted by searching in PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Science Direct, Springer, Proquest, and also the websites of the selected countries hospitals. Based on the sampling method, three countries, Turkey, United Kingdom, and the United States, were selected from the countries with eligibility. However, during the study, according to the good practices about special diabetic care of countries such as Australia and Denmark, they were also examined. In this review study, we organized and compared the effective measures taken in selected countries in relation to the management of these patients in the hospital, focusing on the dimensions of service package, human resource, process, structure, equipment/technology, and information system required by diabetic patients.

Most patients with diabetes will present to hospital for a reason not directly related to their diabetes. When a person with diabetes is not cared for properly, hospitalization can become complicated and lead to worse consequences for the patient. In fact, it is important to know how to manage a diabetic patient while in hospital. Therefore, a special organization is needed in hospitals for adaptation to chronic diseases such as diabetes. This study intends to help hospital adaptation to the special needs of diabetic patients by identifying patterns of care delivery in selected countries. This comparative study was performed in 2021. The data collection was conducted by searching in PubMed, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, Science Direct, Springer, Proquest, and also the websites of the selected countries hospitals. Based on the sampling method, three countries, Turkey, United Kingdom, and the United States, were selected from the countries with eligibility. However, during the study, according to the good practices about special diabetic care of countries such as Australia and Denmark, they were also examined. In this review study, we organized and compared the effective measures taken in selected countries in relation to the management of these patients in the hospital, focusing on the dimensions of service package, human resource, process, structure, equipment/technology, and information system required by diabetic patients.

The main scope of this research is to develop a method in order to organize and manage the business process reengineering (BPR) projects. The users of the BPR approaches have always faced different problems in using them. In this study first, the necessity and importance of the BPR design plans within the framework of the scientific approach toward and implementation were defined. Then the main components of BPR plans such as goals, limitation, organization and methodology of the projects were discussed in detail. The further step was the study of the well-known and credited methodology of the international consulting companies. Due to importance, varieties and necessity of localization of the common methodologies, in this study a modified methodology was developed. Finally, sophistication and comprehensiveness of the developed methodology was studied. In addition to the all capabilities of the international methodologies, this methodology consists of much more useful abilities. The considerable aspects, important innovation, and the comprehensiveness of the developed methodology are mentioned in the research conclusion.

Historic urban quarters are considered as special places not only due to the cultural heritage, but also due to their urban structure. Many of such quarters are in danger of losing their traditional identity and function and if serious measures are not taken to stabilize the continuity of such structures the collapse of traditional and cultural discipline would not be farfetched. On the other hand, the attempt to amend the process of adopting appropriate strategies has created a range of approaches which have gained different levels of popularity over time. Therefore, strategic planning can be an asset to offer the final strategy to achieve the ideal aim. This study aimed at investigating a part of Urmia city distressed area, and in so doing, use has been made of SWOT technique which is a very popular model for strategic planning. The results show that this area is highly vulnerable due to some weak points but it has the potential of taking advantage of available opportunities to make remarkable progress.

A philosophy that concretely seeks to answer what cyberspace is and can explain what it does to us is called cyberspace philosophy. Cyberspace in different layers has increasingly covered the needs of our lives and we need to know deeply the different layers of this space because the philosophy of soft technologies is for the doctrine of that technology. Accurate knowledge of this space causes our accurate relativity in the face of it. Cyberspace technology is a kind of soft technology and soft technology is a kind of credit perception, So we can use credit theory to describe in the field of indigenous cyberspace theory. According to Allameh Tabatabai credit perception is a function of "attention" and attention is a function of "natural needs" and "social habits". Social habits are a special form of natural needs that are formed within the culture of society and cyberspace has been created according to the worldview and values ​​of the creative culture, which have shaped social habits including communication. People's attention to cyberspace to meet communication needs leads to a system of needs, this system of needs based on social and cultural habits in the form of communication technology leads to the validation of a communication system. This communication system can be the bedrock of a variety of lifestyles.The soft structures of cyberspace affect the attention, content and communication order of its users. To change and modify these works, we must modify the structure, content and method of dealing with cyberspace.

Considering numerous problems related to the old textures, sustainable development can be mentioned as the most efficient approach to avoid consequent shortcomings. The methodology adopted in the present paper is of analytical–descriptive type. Using the mentioned method, the data were collected through the field and documentary studies. The statistical society of present paper includes specialists in the field of urban planning who played an important role in the renovation of old textures in Amol, a city in the northern part of Iran. By observing the social, economic, and environmental characteristics in the studied region, and by interviewing the residents in Amol‘s old textures, the SWOT analysis, the analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats using qualitative method, was adopted in order to detect the old textures. To analyze the data, SPSS and Excel software programs were used. In this paper, efforts have been made to analyze the renovation of old urban textures as having in mind the sustainable development. To organize the old textures in Amol, the ST type strategy was adopted from diverse strategies in this paper. The mentioned strategy mainly focuses on the internal strengths in order to eliminate the external threats.