Introduction: Evidence shows that some men suffer from Postpartum Depression (PPD), and that the adverse effects of this unknown phenomenon affect them and their family.Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine paternal PPD and its relationship with some factors, especially maternal PPD.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 205 couples who were selected using a random cluster sampling in seven health centers affiliated to the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences six to 12 weeks after childbirth. Data was collected from fathers using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and a demographic questionnaire. The Edinburgh questionnaire was also used for the mothers. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and the Pearson correlation as well as the Chi-square and linear regression.Results: A total of 11.7% of the fathers had depression symptoms. There was a significant and direct correlation between the paternal and maternal PPD scores (r=0.29, P=0.001). Among the sociodemographic and fertility factors, there was a significant relationship only between a family’s livelihood situation, the number of abortions and the number of pregnancies with the parental depression scores (P=0.05). In the regression analysis, maternal PPD (b0.22) and the family’s livelihood situation (ß0.44) predicted paternal depression (P=0.001). This model totally explained about 30% of the changes in paternal PPD (R2=0.298).Conclusion: Considering the significant frequency of depression in fathers and the role of maternal depression as well as the family’s livelihood situation, it is recommended that evaluation should be carried out on paternal PPD and its risk factors in order to prevent and treat it in a timely manner.

Background & Aims: Postnatal depression is a major public health problem. With due attention to potential side effects of it on mother and family, determining and reduction of any of the factors can decrease prevalence of this disorder. This study was done to determine the predisposing factors of postpartum depression.Material & Methods: It was a cross- sectional study with multistage cluster random sampling of 560 women referred to Tabriz health centers 2 mounts after delivery. Data was collected by Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Data related to demographic characteristics, mother- newborn characteristics and social support was also gathered by a research- made tool. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 16 by using descriptive statistics, Chi square, one way ANOVA, independent T test and logistic regression.Results: The results of chi square test showed a significant association between mother age, education, illness of mother during pregnancy, type and number of delivery and desired fetal sex andpostpartum depression(P<0.05). The results of independent T test also showed a significant relationship between illness of newborn, unplanned pregnancy andpostpartum depression (P<0.05). The results of one-way ANOVA indicated that the relation between lack of mother’s readiness to accept the responsibility of newborn and husband’s feelings about recent pregnancy andpostpartum depression was significant (P<0.05). Linear regression showed the most important risk factors of postpartum depression as financial status, educational level, unwanted pregnancy, stress level, newborn illness, and mother’s lack of willingness to accept responsibility (p<0.05).Conclusion: Approaches that will lead to increased willingness of mothers to realize the predisposing factors of this disorder, as well as family support and also social support by health care providers can be effective in preventing postpartum depression.

Introduction: The postpartum period is a dangerous potential time for postpartum depression. Postpartum depression is the reducer instrument for postpartum support. The purpose of the current study is to determine the effectiveness of postpartum supports on the postnatal women depression after childbirth. Methods: This study a semi experimental study was conducted in Marand hospital. Two hundred sixty mothers agreed to take part and were randomly allocated to an intervention group (n = 130) or control group (n = 130). The intervention group received telephone counseling for 20- minute at the first week twice, second week till 6th weeks once at week plus routine care. The control group received only the routine care. Also for evaluation of the unanticipated mother’s needs, 24-hour telephone access to researcher was provided. The main outcome measure was recording demographics data sheet, postpartum problem’s checklist and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) administered by presence interview questionnaire at six weeks after delivery. Control group received general postpartum education. The data were analyzed by χ², Fisher test and T test. Results: At 6 week postpartum, mean of depression was obtained in the intervention group (15/80 ± 5/12) and in the control group (18/43 ± 5/90). On the EPDS scale, in the intervention group was significantly decrease to control group (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: The result of this research showed that Postpartum Fallow Up by midwife could effective to decrease women’s postpartum depression in the pureperium.

Background: Postpartum depression is endangering the health of mothers and has negative impacts on the evolution of social communication and newborns evolution. This study was conducted to determine the effects of Fordyce Happiness program on the postpartum depression.Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental intervention carried out on postpartum mothers that referred to 4 health centers in Isfahan. A total of 133 mothers were selected by convenient sampling and then randomly allocated in two groups (63 and 70 mothers for intervention and control respectively). Maternal depression 3 times before, immediate and 1 months after intervention in both groups was evaluated with Beck Depression Inventory-II-Persian standardized questionnaires. Educational sessions based on the Fordyce happiness program were conducted for intervention group. Data was analyzed in SPSS17 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, Illinois) descriptive and analytic statistical tests at significance level of 0.05.Results: No significant differences in demographic variables between the two groups (P³0.05). No significant differences in depression scores in the two groups before training. However after 2 months a significant difference in depression score was observed between two groups (control group: 19.38±3.94; intervention group: 16.24±4.8; P<0.001). Furthermore in intervention group showed significant differences in depression scores before and after intervention (19.15±3.41 and 16.24±4.83; P<0.001). However in the control group had not any significant change. Conclusion: Fordyce happiness program was effective in reducing postpartum depression in our study. With attention to the effectiveness and low cost of this program, it is recommended that this program might be considered for all mothers after childbirth in health centers or other community-based settings.