Cluster development strategy is one of the prosperous methods for organizing Small & Medium Enterprises. It is three decades that this method has performed developing countries regional development action plans. This research has surveyed theoretical views of tourism clusters and analyzed Shiraz tourism cluster. Due to doing that part of research, four key characters of tourism professions (geographical centralization, sectorial centralization, cooperational relations and common opportunity & threats) has been based. Location Quotient Technique, Cooperation Matrix and Questionnaire forms have been used for analyzing geographical & sectorial centralization, cooperational relations between professions unites and opportunity & threats assessments. Findings show that Shiraz tourism economic sector is basic and the LQ shows 1.12. Tourism professions have common opportunity & threats. Inter-enterprises cooperation relations are weak. At the end, strategic policies are made based on current position and future opportunities of shiras tourism cluster.

A purification procedure of pertussis toxin (PT) from submerged culture of Bordetella pertussis (B.pertussis) strain 134 using adsorption and affinity chromatography was discussed. The yield of the resulting PT was approximately 37.5mg/l of concentrated culture supernatant. The polypeptide pattern of the purified PT was investigated by SOS-PAGE and showed five bands between 11 to 26 KDa using low molecular weight marker. Since PT is the maincomponent of acellular pertussis vaccine,obtaininga good yield of it would be essential for production of the new and safer vaccine generation. The other objective of this study was to determine the effects of PT on murine lymphocytes using MTT test. The effect of various doses of prepared PT on murine lymphocytes showed that the amount of 0.5µg/0.1m1 had the highest proliferation. Furthermore comparison between the resulting PT and phytohemagglutinin showed much higher effect of PT on murine spleen cells. These results indicate that B.pertussis strain 134 is a suitable strain for induction of PT in order to use it for development of acellular vaccine in Iran and also for in vitro studies on proliferation of murine lymphocytes.

Background and Objectives: Diabetic retinopathy and macular edema are the most important cause of severe visual loss. At this study we evaluated the effectiveness of combined Intra Vitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide with panretinal laser photocoagulation on concomitant diabetic macular edema and high risk PROLIFERATE diabetic retinopathy. Materials and Methods: In a non randomized clinical trial, between Aug 2005 to Aug 2006 on 50 diabetic patients with advanced proliferative diabetic retinopathy and CSME were entered. Group 1 received Panretinal Photocoagulation and Macular Photocoagulation and Intra Vitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide (4mg) (right eye) and group 2 received only Panretinal Photocoagulation and Macular Photocoagulation (Left eye). Complete ophthalmologic examination, fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed before intervention and 2, 6 and 9-12 month after intervention in each groups. Results: Two months after intervention Mean BCVA in group 1 was 0.35 0.33 and in group 2 was 0.47 0.28, (P=0.137). Mean centeral forveal thichness after 2, 6 and 9-12 months between two groups were as the following (257.38 73.91 P<0005 vs 341.81 110.380), (280.41 120.54 P<0005 vs 377.86 119.63) and (311.19 97.47 P=0.043 vs 369.62 123.53).Conclusion: Combination of intra vitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection with panretinal laser photocoagulation may be effective treatment on concomitant diabetic macular edema and proliferative diabetic retinopathy.