Introduction: Teeth loss and its consequences, such as mental discomfort, most often negatively affects one's health and well-being. Dental implants were introduced in an attempt to raise patients' satisfaction and improve health and quality of life in all dimensions. Hence, this study was performed to check the impact of implantation on the oral health indices in patients who were candidates for implant treatment in Isfahan city. Materials & Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, the lifestyle quality of 73 patients who were referred to Isfahan’, s Islamic Azad Dental University (Khorasgan) and its affiliated private centers, was assessed using the OIDP index before and after their implant treatment between 2019 and 2020. Also, data analysis was done using Independent ttest, Paired t-test and analysis of variance ANOVA test (α,= 0. 05). Results: In the current study, the most common problem and with the most effect on oral satisfaction quality were teeth lost and extractions, respectively. Majorly, the effects were evident on the eating habits (83. 6%), satisfaction of communication with others (68. 5%) and quality of smile (64. 4%). In the questionnaire, an attenuated score of OIDP was recorded, before the implant treatment compared to that of post-treatment, which was statistically meaningful (p value < 0. 05). Conclusion: According to the current study data, we can conclude that implant treatment can have a positive effect on the patients' lifestyle quality.

Introduction: The risk of being affected by infectious diseases in dentistry directly depends upon the degree of contact with body liquids, such as blood and saliva, as well as the working tools. Different micro-organisms including the viruses causing AIDS and Hepatitis B as well as oral thrush are possible to be transferred in dentistry. According to the Dental intervention (FDI), it is suggested that all dental patients, in spite of the healthy look, are considered to be infective. Therefore, the health principles and protective and safety methods must be observed in all the sequences to prevent cross-infection. Thus, the present study seeks to investigate the degree to which the dentists in Isfahan respect and approach to such standards.Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. In order to answer the questions of the study (as found in tables 1&2), the data related to the participants’ attitudes and Performance were collected by having them fill out a questionnaire and a checklist. A total of 140 dentists in Isfahan were selected through a random sampling in 1385 (HS). The data collected was then evaluated with SPSS.Results: The mean score obtained from the attitude-related questions was 5.36. Also, the mean score of Performance-related questions was found to be 8.03. No significant relation was found between the dentists` attitudes and the years of service (P=0.092, r=0.17). No significant relation was found between the dentists` Performance and the years of service (P=0.12, r=0.15). No significant relation was found between the dentists` attitudes and their Performance (P=0.1, r=0.16).

The study objective was to evaluate the effects of reducing dietary starch content in fresh cow diets while maintaining NDF levels by substituting barley grain (BG), corn silage (CS), or both with beet pulp (BP) on DMI, lactation Performance, serum mineral and metabolites concentrations, liver enzymes and liver functionality index (LFI), serum insulin and revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (RQUICKI). Thirty-six multiparous cows were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 experimental diets from calving to 21 days in lactation. Experimental diets were a high-starch diet with ground BG (CO; 24.9% starch; 0% BP) and 3 low-starch diets where BP substituted for either BG (BB; 19.6% starch; 7% BP), CS (BC; 20.6% starch; 12% BP) or CS and BG (BCB; 20.3% starch; 12% BP). Relative to CO cows (16.50 kg/d), DMI was greater for BC (17.70 kg/d) and BCB (17.50 kg/d) cows, but it was lesser in BB (15.60 kg/d) cows. Similar to DMI results, milk yields tended to be greater for BC (37.89 kg/d) and BCB cows (37.81 kg/d) compared to CO cows (35.41 kg/d), but BB cows (33.05 kg/d) tended to produce less milk than CO cows. Relative to CO, cows fed BB had lower serum glucose concentrations, whereas cows fed BC and BCB had higher serum glucose. Serum insulin concentrations were lower for BB cows than for other exprimental groups. Relative to CO, serum NEFA and BHB concentrations were lower for BC and BCB, but was similar between BB and CO. The RQUICKI was lower for CO, BC cows than BB cows, and cows in BCB tended to have less RQUICKI compared to BB during postpartum. The concentrations of gamma glutamyl transferase were lower in BC and BCB cows relative to CO and BB cows. The cows fed CO and BB had higher serum bilirubin relative to cows fed BC and BCB diets. Although, LFI for CO cows was similar to cows on BB, BC and BCB, BC cows had higher LFI than BB cows and tended to have greater LFI than CO cows. Overall, reducing dietary starch by replacing CS (BC) or a mix of CS and BG (BCB) with BP positively affected DMI and milk yield and indicated improved energy metabolism and liver function during the first 21 d of lactation compared to when BP was fed instead of BG to reduce starch (BB).

In order to investigate the effect of inorganic selenium replacement with organic selenium from Spirulina algae on Performance and breast meat quality of broilers, a total of 160 one-day-old chicks were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments, eight replicates and five birds per each replicate. The sources of selenium used included sodium selenite and organic selenium from Spirulina algae which were replaced at two levels of 50 and 100 percent. The organic selenium was produced by the culture of Spirulina algae and its enrichment with selenium. The selenium content of different treatments was measured by ICP-Mass method. In this experiment, the feed intake and body weight gain parameters were measured weekly and feed conversion ratio was calculated. At 42 day of age, one bird was slaughtered from each replicate and the weight of carcass ready to cook was measured. The breast meat was sampled for measurement of pH and selenium storage. The results showed that it was not observed any significant difference in Performance traits and ready to cook carcass percentage among different treatments. There was no significant difference in breast muscle pH at 0 and 24 hours after slaughtering. The amount of selenium deposited in breast muscle of birds fed organic selenium had significant increase when compared with other treatments (P<0.05). Generally, the results of this study showed that 100% replacement of sodium selenite with organic selenium from Spirulina algae led to increase in breast muscle selenium deposition without reduction in bird Performance.

In this study, chemical compositions of black seed meals samples were determined. 18 male weaning Zandi lambs with an average body weight of 23.5 ±1.5 kg were used in a completely randomized design in three groups of six in individual pens. Experimental treatments were: 1) control (basal diet with 12% soybean meal and without black seed meal), 2) diet containing 6% soybean meal and 9% black seed meal and 3) diet containing 18% black seed meal and without soybean meal. The concentration of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, NDF, ADF, ADIN, and crude ash of black seed meal samples were 97.53±0.58, 31.26±0.99, 15.16 ± 0.61, 25.95 ± 1.34, 14.2±0.80, 0.69±0.04 and 5.07 ± 0.24, respectively. Replacement of soybean meal with black seed meal in the diet of experimental lambs had no effect on final body weight, daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio, dry matter intake, dressing percentage, tail and total body fat deposition. Albumin and total protein were higher for lambs fed by diet containing 18 % black seed meal compared to other treatments (P <0.05). However, the concentration of blood triglyceride, cholesterol and urea nitrogen were not differed between experimental groups. The digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude fat and protein were not affect by feeding of experimental diets. It seems that black seed meal can be used in the diet of fattening lambs up to 18% without adverse effect on Performance and nutrients digestibility of growing lambs.

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of adding a mixture of peppermint, thyme and rosemary essential oils (EOs) in a ratio of (3:1:2), respectively, to the diet, on growth Performance, rumen and blood parameters of fattening lambs. Twenty-one Mehraban lambs with an average weight of 29.80 kg were randomly allocated to one of three diets: 1) control, 2) base diet+1.25ml of EOs and 3) base diet+2.5ml of EOs. Daily weight gain was greater in the groups receiving the EOs than in the control, although this increase was mainly due to the interactions of treatment over time. Feed consumption and feed conversion ratio compared to the control did not altered. The total concentrations of VFAs and acetate in the groups receiving EOs decreased (P<0.05), while the concentration of propionate increased (P<0.05) at the level of 2.5ml of EOs and isovalerate increased (P<0.05) in both levels of EOs compared to the control. Total population of protozoa, rumen pH and ammonia nitrogen concentration were not affected by treatments. Glucose concentration increased at high level of EOs (P<0.05). Concentrations of urea, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, total protein and albumin did not altered. The number of red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, number and percentage of white cells including lymphocytes and eosinophils were not affected by treatments but the percentage of monocytes decreased (P<0.05) at low level of the EOs. The results of this experiment showed that the addition of mixture of EOs to the diet did not have a significant effect on Performance parameters and immune system of lambs, although it reduced the total concentration of VFA and acetate and increased the concentration of propionate.

Objective Given the importance of skin-to-skin contact between a mother and her baby within the first hour after birth, due to its positive effects on the infant’s health, it is essential to evaluate the implementation of this practice is a crucial step in enhancing the quality of maternity healthcare services, the present study aims to identify the predictors of employee Performance in implementing skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby and initiating breastfeeding within the first hour after birth. Methods This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in 2022 on 99 maternity health workers at Ayatollah Mousavi Hospital in Zanjan, Iran, and 386 mothers who gave birth at this hospital. Employee Performance in implementing skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby and the initiation of breastfeeding within the first hour after birth was measured through self-assessment and interviews with mothers. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test and linear regression analysis. The significance level was set at 0.05. Results Self-assessments of employees showed that 32.3% had good Performance. More than 40% of mothers perceived the health workers ‘ Performance as good. Linear regression analysis revealed that working in the maternity block was significantly associated with good Performance (β=0.24, P=0.001). Additionally, non-participation in training courses was associated with decreased Performance (β=-0.65, P=0.001); Moreover, the regression model showed that mothers with a university education were more likely to perceive health workers’ Performance as good (β=0.22, P=0.001). Also, mothers who did not receive training were less likely to perceive health workers’ Performance as good (β=-0.20, P=0.001).  Conclusion The Performance of maternity health workers working in the study hospital in implementing the skin-to-skin contact guidelines and initiating breastfeeding within the first hour after birth is relatively favorable. However, it is far from ideal level.

Today, simplified travel across the world caused criminals to flee to other count tries after committing a crime in order to escape from punishment. Since the sovereignty of the governments are limited to their own territory, positive mutual collaboration among countries, particularly neighboring countries, could affect the compliance with countries’ requests in the global system and the establishment of a Equitable Penalty System. As a result of this cooperation, criminals couldn’t sense safe and security in the world.This article under title “Interpol Performance Review on Extradition & Its Improvement Solutions” is a descriptive study and efforts to survey Interpol Performance on extradition and its effective factors. The central issues of this paper are to determine problems and barriers to criminals’ extradition, provide solutions, and develop extradition.According to the research bases on Interpol Performance about criminals’ extradition some indexes and characteristics were determined, and research hypotheses (5 hypotheses) have been put forward concerning the effective factors. To gather data, a questionnaire was set, including: 1111 closed questions and one open question, also, a data collecting form which derived from some extradition cases in IP Tehran was applied. A statistical universe sample (consists of 60 experts) completed the forms. Data analysis which accomplished through statistical software SPSS & MINITAB showed that there is a connection between determined indexes and criminals’ extradition from other countries. To carry out a survey into hypotheses One Sample T-Test, Sign Test, and Friedman ANOVA were applied. Statistical analysis and tests confirmed all of five hypotheses and showed a meaningful relationship between mentioned factors and the success of criminals’ extradition.