This article aim to investigate image concept from the traditional rethoric point of view and shows how traditional rethoric stopped because of negligible understanding of image notion and focus on shape, without seriously dealing with contents. Although in this respect, Molla Abdolghaher Jorjani is superior to others and has vast attempts, but after him there was no suitable evolution in rethoric. Furthermore, this article tries to show why traditional rethoric failed in releasing itself from details in image and didn’t gain structured view to image where manner of relation of content relationship with these images has been scrutinized. Although Abdolghaher had attempts in this field, which is pioneer of his time, but after him these issues were not followed, even some eloquence experts, narrowed his opinions and decreased their values.The method of this research is investigation of prominent rethoric point of view in traditional eloquence to present a policy of traditional eloquence. Necessity of this research is that it highlights defects and shortages of traditional rethoric and reveals that applied researches based on traditional rethoric are not enough and we must use new theories in rethoric beside them.

Saadi is undoubtedly the master of lyric poem in Persian literature. His Melodious and impressive speech in comparison with other poets' sonnets, is related to many cultural, linguistic, expressive, pictorial factors. Although many elegant points concerning his poems have already been investigated by Henri Masse, Gh.Yousefi, A.dashti, M.Ebadiyan, S.Hamidiyan, T. Poornamdariyan, Z.Movahhed etc., there are still many details about the unique techniques in his sonnets which await further research in order to understand the secret of his beautiful speech and extraordinary impulse. In this article, we have addressed ''addressing'' as a determining factor. The determinative appearance of this factor in Saadi's sonnets has a great role in motivational aspect of his poems. Following a quick introduction of addressing, we present the factors that amplify this sense in saadi's sonnets. He has made the addressing factors in his poems by utilizing artistic techniques and making a presence feeling. It is concluded that the most important effect of "presence feeling" and the "addressing factor" is the audience's excitation. Finally, the addressed factors of saadi's speech are analyzed and presented. In this research, we have used the document analysis method and in the last section we present the distribution of data and statistics of the addressed factors.

Nezami’ s poetry has a great rhetorical value. The poet’ s attention to rhetorical principles and the way of relationship between poet and audience are the most important discourses in Nezami’ s poetry that through the illustration of these discourses we can understand poet’ s ability in his poetical art and his influence on the audience. In Khosro and Shirin versified story the poet has used conversation more than his other works. The audience presence and the poet’ s attention to the audience are completely evident and there is a mutual relationship between the speaker and the listener. Therefore, his poems have many different sentence moods and by analyzing these moods we can perceive their literary and artistic function. One of the sentence syntactic characteristics is “ mood” that has a very important function in rhetorical analyzing literary contexts. The sentence mood indicates the interactive function of language and shows the rate of relationship between author and his audience. Accordingly, the sentence moods are the most effective principles of mobility and polyphony of the context. In declarative sentences the relationship between the author and the audience is one-sided and the sentences have less mobility. However, in interrogative and imperative sentences the audience interacts with the author and this interaction increases the context mobility. In this research the position of sentence mood in Nezami’ s poetry is discussed with emphasis on Khosro and Shirin versified story.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This article introduces and examines the content of the manuscript of the Great Criteria by Mohammad Azim Qureshi. "Azimiyeh Criteria" was written by Mohammad Azim Qureshi in 1130 (twelfth century AH), in vocabulary, rhetoric and grammar. The subject of this work is "Persian language in the subcontinent". This version is written in 414 pages, with annotations and spelling. Existing copies of this manuscript have been registered, one at the Noor Microfilm Center, the library of the Army Progress Association in New Delhi, and two copies in Pakistan, Karachi, Hamdard Collection, and Islamabad, Ganjbakhsh Collection, number 7872. This book is listed in the Guide to the Joint Index of Pakistani Manuscripts, vol. 13, p. This article introduces and examines the content of this collection and explains the issues in the version by citing evidence. METHODOLOGY: The method of this research is descriptive-analytical using the library collection tool as a document research and content analysis data mining method. In this way, we have examined the corrected text of the manuscript of the great criteria, which is itself based on the method of intermediate correction, and we have analyzed its content, grammar and rhetoric. FINDINGS: This text is a rich and useful educational book in the period in question, about Persian grammar, rhetoric and literary crafts, rhyme and prose, as well as other related sciences such as astronomy, logic, theology, etc. In this version, which the author has used all the relevant textbooks up to his period, he has not left out any points about the topics of discussion, and it seems that this book has been an educational book for teaching in schools. CONCLUSION: The Persian language and its development during the rule of the Gurkhanids in India was the concern of writers and rulers, and the writing of this book and similar books and the preparation of subsequent manuscripts from it, proves the necessity of this education and expansion. Although this book belongs to about two centuries ago, but because it is an educational book, it is as easy to understand as possible.

Evaluation of effective teacher training in 's thought and educational implications affected by it. This study examines the characteristics of effective teachers in the educational doctrine of Farabi – the Muslim philosopher and founder of Islamic philosophy-and Rousseau – the great teacher and originator of Western Education. The research methodology is document analysis and the research instrument is note taking form. The reseach concludes that in Farabian educational system the teacher is of two features of innate and acquisitive characteristics. The innate characteristics include rethoric, cleverance and intelligence. Some of teacher acquisitive features include wisdom, strong memorization, and their commitment to religion. Al-Farabi argues that persuasive, discursive, ascending and descending teaching methods are among the most effective teaching methods. In Rousseau educational system the teacher meets the characteristics of youngness, nativeness, coordination with nature and considering individual differences of students. Rousseau proposes exploratory, active, experimentation and scientific tour as the best teaching methods.