Background and Objectives: Blood is a valuable source, and the wastage of blood products could impose severe impacts on healthcare. This study investigates the changes in blood transfusion indices and blood product transfusion from 2018 to 2019 in public hospitals affiliated to Kashan University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross‑, sectional study was carried out using a researcher‑, made checklist across five public hospitals in Kashan, Iran. The amount of cross‑, match/transfusion, transfusion index (TI), and T% (transfusion probability) indices were calculated and analyzed. Results: In 2018, we ordered a total of 19741 blood product units, among which 18, 723 units (94. 8%) were transfused. In addition, we ordered a total of 15, 323 units of blood products in 2019, and 14, 223 units (92. 8%) were transfused. The CT ratio was 1. 04 in 2018 and 1. 06 in 2019, with a 2% increase. The transfused probability (T %) percentage in the studied public hospitals in 2018 was 38. 04%, whereas the rate was 36. 7% in 2019, with a 3. 5% decline. In 2018, the TI in the studied hospitals was 0. 96 and decreased to 0. 85 (11%) in 2019. Moreover, the TI was higher than 0. 5 in hospitals, except for Shahid Rajaei Hospital. Based on the results, the cost of blood products was 74459499405 Rials ($ 690526) in 2018 and 79073079143 Rials ($ 612115) in 2019, with a 6% increase. Conclusions: Blood order and transfusion enjoyed good conditions in public hospitals affiliated to Kashan University of Medical Sciences, though the blood order pattern was unfavorable in Shahid Rajaei Hospital.

Social traditions are divine actions used for the human societies design. Some of Qur'an’ s verses have explained these traditions including turning the blessing into misfortune tradition. The beneficent God has granted many blessings to mankind. As long as a person moves on the path to excellence, he will receive divine gifts, and when he turns away from this area, divine blessings will be transformed into misfortune. In the other side there is the possibility of RETURNING to the divine way for human beings. This paper which has been done by documentary-analytical method, is intended to explain the view of Allameh Tabataba’ i and some Islamic commentators in order to provide a better understanding of this tradition. The result of this research shows the existence system is an interconnected set of objects and human actions are directly related to this system’ s events. Key word: tradition, conversion of blessing, misfortune, Allameh Tabataba’ i.

In this article, RLS method is used to process the information obtained from the tracking of features in order to measure the linear and angular displacement of the camera between image frames and subsequently to measure the speed. On the other hand, camera image registration with reference images is used to measure the INS error in position and attitude. The EKF is used to integrate the measurements of VS with the outputs of the INS. As the accuracy of the VINS is improved, it is possible to achieve a suitable approximation of the camera movement in the time intervals between the image frames. Using this approximation as an initial point leads to the convergence of the RLS to the acceptable answer. To show the effectiveness of the proposed method, the return of a spacecraft and the images of the camera mounted on it are simulated. The INS reports the speed, position and attitude erroneously. By tracking opportunistic features and determining the location of a priori mapped landmarks in image, the errors of the INS are estimated and corrected. The results are validated by comparing them with the values obtained from solving the motion equations as error-free values. The results show that in the defined scenario for the return of the spacecraft and specifications considered for the camera and inertial sensors, the accuracy of 0.02 m/s, 5m and 0.01 deg. respectively in determining the speed, position and attitude is achievable.

State is the most important social institution and sociology is the science of studying social institutions. Most of the analysis of socio-economic evolutions have been so far following the dominant paradigms such as modernization, dependency, and world system, and therefore, mostly disregarding the important role of the state as an affective and effective social institution. This article, benefiting from a comparative institutionalism approach is trying to restudy the state and RETURNING to state, conceptually and henceforth analyzing the role and status of the state in sociological analysis.