Background: The current study is to evaluate cardiovascular effects of anesthetic medications and volatile anesthetics on cardiac stress using cardiac stress index (CSI) and Rate pressure product (RPP) and to determine which of them in useful in evaluating cardiac stress after comparing results obtained from each method.Materials and methods: 40 patients, 60-80 years old, who were all performed trans abdominal prostatectomy were studied. Patients were divided into two groups, half of patients were placed in group A and the other half in group B. The study was carried out as a blinded study. CSI was measured and evaluated in group A and RPP changes were studied in group B.Results: The mean CSI were 60.25±5.57, 63.05±5.54, 55.75±4.78 and 67.65±4.88 before anesthesia induction, after induction, before surgical incision and in recovery respectively. There was no meaningful difference.RPP mean in four above mentioned stages was 10.15±0.44, 9.9±0.69, 6.8±0.36 and 9.2±0.61 respectively. There was a meaningful difference between RPP in stages before anesthesia induction and before surgical incision (P<0.0001).Conclusion: Considering the obtained results from this study, it can be seen that even in noncardiac surgery, the stress level is high in patients in the stage before surgery. This figure was not clear in RPP index case and was not in accordance with CSI, which means CSI has been able to illustRate existing stress level better and efficiently.

Evaluating the cutting Rate (CR) of stones is important in the cost estimation and the planning of the stone processing plants. This research used regression models to estimate the stones’ CR based on their physico-mechanical characteristics. Stone processing factories in Mahallat City (Markazi province, Iran) were visited, and the CR of diamond circular saws was recorded on six different travertine stones. Next, the stone block samples were collected from the quarries for laboratory tests. Stones’ porosity (n), uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), and Schmidt hammer hardness (SH) were determined in the laboratory as their physico-mechanical characteristics. Correlation relationships of CR with physico-mechanical characteristics were evaluated using simple and multiple regression analyses, and estimator models were developed. Results showed that multiple regression models are more reliable than simple regression for estimating the stones’ CR. The validity of the developed multiple regression models was verified with the published data of one researcher. The findings indicated that these models are accuRate enough for estimating the CR of stones. Consequently, the multiple regression models provide practical advantages for estimating the CR and save time and cost during the planning and design of the stone processing factories.

Background & Aims: Chronic kidney disease is commonly seen with reduced calcium and low-energy fractures. In this study, we investigated the relationship between estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) and low-energy hip fractures. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on patients with renal insufficiency who were referred to Alzahra and Kashani hospitals with a diagnosis of hip fracture in 2016 and 2017. Cr level was extracted from the patient file and the relationship between eGFR and other variables was investigated. Results: Of the studied patients, 203 (48. 6%) had eGFR below 60 and 215 (51. 4%) had eGFR above 60. Female patients with e-GFR below 60 were more common, underlying diseases of diabetes and hypertension were significantly higher in e-GFR below 60, and mean age and creatinine levels in e-GFR below 60 were significantly higher than eGFR above 60. The mean hemoglobin level in subjects with eGFR below 60 was significantly lower than those with eGFR above 60 (p <0. 05). Mortality was significantly higher in subjects with eGFR below 60 than in those with eGFR above 60. There was no significant relationship between eGFR and type of fracture and ischemia (p> 0. 05). Conclusion: Management in the prevention of hip fracture and treatment of patients with renal failure can be effective in the treatment of fracture and reducing its mortality.

The current study aimed to optimize artificial insemination in aged broiler breeder hens in two experiments. In the first experiment, the effect of (two) different diluted semen temperatures (5 and 25 °C) of Hubbard rooster (40 roosters, 58 weeks of age) on fertility, hatchability and sperm penetration (SP) Rate in the perivitelline layer of Hubbard hen (180 hens) were investigated. In the second experiment, three (different) sperm concentrations (100 (C100), 200 (C200), and 400 (C400) million sperm in 0.25 mL per hen) of Hubbard roosters (40 roosters, 62 weeks of age) on fertility, hatchability and SP Rate of Hubbard broiler breeder hens (270 hens) were explored. In the first experiment, the results showed that the temperature of 5 °C of diluted semen compared to the 25 °C, increased percentage of hatchability of set eggs, hatchability of fertile eggs, and SP and decreased early embryonic mortality. The results of the second experiment showed the highest percentage of fertility and SP Rate were observed at treatment C400. Also, in this experiment that highest percentage of hatchability of set eggs and hatchability of fertile eggs and lowest early embryonic mortality were observed at treatment C400. Return on investment (ROI) of the treatments C200 and C400 was approximately 2.9 and 1.4, respectively. In overall, the results of this study showed that (in attention to ROI and hatchability) to optimize artificial insemination of aged broiler breeder hens we can use a sperm concentration of 200 to 400 million in 0.25 mL per hens at 5 °C.

Background: Angioaccess is one of the main treatment procedures for surgeons considering dialysis patients. End stage renal disease patients have to spend most of their lives under dialysis; therefore, given the high expenditure of angioaccess surgeries, this study was conducted to evaluate the patency Rate and complications of arteriovenous access operations.Methods: In this prospective study, 169 patients underwent 311 access surgeries for hemodialysis. Data was collected through questionnaires and analyzed by SPSS.Findings: Life table analysis showed that of 169 patients with fistulas, 84.9% of cases were patent after 2 months, and 80.5% and 73% were patent after 4 and 6 months, respectively. There was no significant difference between diabetic and non-diabetic patients patency Rate in cubital access, but the patency Rate in distal fistulas was significantly lower in diabetics. Different complications were recorded in 48.6% of patients, mainly heart failure and mild edema.Conclusion: Diabetes was higher among our cases than normal population which can be due to poor screening programs and low information on risks and correct follow-up of patients. In diabetic patients, cubital fistulas should be considered prior to distal accesses. Complication Rate in our study was higher than those reported. Since complications are significantly surgeon dependent, more attention to residential education and participating in related workshops can be helpful.

Objective: To Evaluate pregnancy Rate in synchronized dairy herd by Selectsynch procedure and PG.Design: Experimental study.Animals: Three hundred and seventy four dairy cows were randomly allocated to three groups: selectsynch, synchronized with PG and spontaneous heat.Procedure: All cows were cleaned at day 30 after parturition and allocated to the following groups: synchronization by select synch-insemination (n=139), synchronization by PG-insemination (n=125) and natural heat-insemination (n=110). Pregnancy was diagnosed at days 42-50 after insemination.Statistical analysis: Chi-square test.Results: For these methods pregnancy Rate were54 percent, 44.8 percent and 46.4 percent, respectively. Moreover there were not any significant difference among them.Clinical implications: Since selectsynch made an acceptable pregnancy, it can be recommended for dairy herds.

In the nineteenth century recurrent epidemics of cholera and influenza and decreasing cases of diseases in later years produced the question why communicable disease would suddenly produce epidemics and then disappear.Designing one model bases mathematically such as SIR model has been done for the question response. The aim of research survey model has been done on the measles in Iran and determination of outbreaks of measles at 1996 to determine the least vaccine covering for prediction of measles epidemics in the future.With collection of data from disease control centers, the number of suffering with measles, age mean of measles and life expanse was calculated and the amount of R0(Basic Reproduction Rate) resulted. Calculating R0 amount at range 5.5 to 7.49 for the reason R0 resulted in amounts greater than the measles epidemic that occurred in our country and least effective vaccine was 81.8-86.65%. Calculating R0 and the least vaccine predicted for measles epidemics determined that epidemic control vaccine must be more than 82.65% to decrease herd immunity and increase measles age mean under conditions due to another epidemic in the 2005.