Although the high infection rate of microscopic sarcocyst occurs in cattle, to the best of our knowledge, there is no report about the identification of macroscopic sarcocyst in Iran. In this work, SARCOSYSTIS hirsuta was first isolated from slaughtered cattle. In a 2-year-old slaughtered cattle, morphological examination revealed 3-5 mm in length cysts distributed in different striated muscles, particularly intercostalis and diaphragm. In electron microscopy study, ultramicroscopic structure of primary cyst wall based on the presence of cone-shaped villar protrusions confirmed the occurrence of S. hirsuta.

Background: Today hirsutism is one of the problems of patients referring to dermatologic and endocrinologic clinics. Objective: To investigate 100 HIRSUTE women in a period of 12 months in Qazvin. Methods: The following indexes were investigated in 100 HIRSUTE women: age, marital status, weight, rate of fertility, similar problems in first grade relatives, distribution of hirutism, alopecia, history of drug consumption, habit of smoking and coincident diseases. Paraclinical investigations included measurement of serum testesterron, serum prolactic, serum cortisol and DH EA- So 4. Findings: The findings indicated that 13% of the cases had alopeci, 24% had acne, 16% had the history of hormonal drug consumption, 33% had the history of psychotropic drug consumption and 84% had normal paraclinical tests. Conclusion: The etiology of most cases revealed a racial- genetic or idiopathic factor.

Background: Sarcocystosis is one of the common zoonotic diseases caused by the parasites of genus Sarcocystis. Sarcocystis is a two-host intracellular protozoan of the Phylum Apicomplexa. Three known species of SARCOSYSTIS can infect cattle as intermediate host: Sarcocystis cruzi, SARCOSYSTIS HIRSUTE, and SARCOSYSTIS hominis that dogs, cats, and humans are their final hosts, respectively.Methods: In this study, a sample of traditional hamburger was purchased from a street food seller in Yazd, Iran. DNA was extracted by salting-out method. To identify Sarcocystis and by using specific primers, fragment of genomic DNA(18s rRNA) was amplified and results of electrophoresis showed the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product with about 953 bp in length indicating presence of the Sarcocyst isgenus. To identify the species of the parasite, two enzymes, RsaI and BfaI, were used for cutting the amplified fragment. Results of digestion were analyzed using agarose gel electrophoresis.Findings: After digestion with BfaI, the results of gel agarose electrophoresis showed 557 and 397 bp in length bands. Two bands of 577 and 376 bp in length were found after using RsaI that indicated presence of Sarcocystis hirsuta.Conclusion: In this report, Sarcocystis hirsuta was identified in Iranian traditional hamburger that could be related to close association of dogs and cats in farms that is the main reason that food and water are contaminated with feces of cats. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first report of Sarcocystis hirsutainfection in Iranian traditional hamburger.

Two indigenous white rot fungi Trametes hirsuta and Trametes gibbosa were screened for decolorization of two azo dyes, congo red and orange G. The screening experiment was run for 11 days with 15, 25, 50, and 75 ppm dye solutions prepared in Malt extract nutrient medium in triplicate (30 ml flasks). Every 72 h samples were read on their respective wavelengths (λmax) to determine the percent decolorization. It was found that both fungi could effectively decolorized both azo dyes at varying incubation times but best results were shown on congo red (97.7%) at a concentration of 50 ppm and orange G (97.8%) at a concentration of 75 ppm after 11 days by Trametes gibbosa. Trametes hirsuta also showed good decolorization potential on congo red (94.6%) in concentration 75 ppm and orange G (94.8%) in concentration 50 ppm.

Background and aim: Hirsutism is a common disorder in women and is defined as increased growth of terminal hair in abnormal arias. There are different etiologies in HIRSUTE women such as hormonal disorder especially polycystic ovary syndrome, tumoral diseases and idiopathic hirsutism. This study was aimed to delermined the hormonal profile of 127 HIRSUTE women referred to Alzahra laboratory in Shahrekord, Iran. Methods: In this descriptive study, 127 HIRSUTE women who referred to Alzahra laboratory in Shahrekord participated. Blood level of testosterone, DHEASO4, 17 hydroxy progesterone, prolactin, cortizol, insulin, TSH, FSH and LH evaluated with ELIZA and RIA methods. Results: In this study, most of women had 21 until 30 years old and elevation in DHEAS level 15.1% (19 person), 13% blood testeron, 11.6% (14 person) hydroxyl progesterone, 1.7% (2 person) TSH, 8.1% (10 person) prolactin, 3.2% (4 person) insulin and 0.8% (1 person) cortizol. In this study LH to FSH fraction in 28.2% of patient was equal or higher than 2 and suspicious polycystic ovary, in 8.9% of this fraction was equal or higher than 3 that indicated definitive polycystic ovary. Residual person have idiopathic hirsutism. Conclusion: According to this research finding frequency of idiopathic hirsutism was more than other types and regarding to importance of etiologic role in treatment of this disorder, careful hormonal and paraclinical approach in these patients is nessecery.

Introduction: Regarding to the prevalence of polycystic ovarian syndrome and its complication in women at reproductive age, this study was performed with aim to evaluate the relationship between total testosterone and sonographic findings in two groups of married HIRSUTE women with normal and oligomenohrric mensturation in order to find it as a predictor and diagnostic factor to replace with current methods. Methods: This case control study was performed on 93 HIRSUTE patients in two groups of normal and oligomennohric menstruation in 2017-2018. Ferriman-Gallwey checklist was completed after clinical examination by gynecologist and then the patients were evaluated by vaginal ultrasonography and serum testosterone test. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 22) and t-test, Chi-square, Correlation, and regression tests. P<0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The level of total was 0. 02-2. 8 nmol/lit, the mean of testosterone in regular menstruation group was 0. 85 and in irregular menstruation group was 1. 52. In regular menstrual HIRSUTE group, there was significant relationship between hirsutism score in lower abdominal and thigh, and in irregular menstruation group, in lower abdominal and thigh and arm (p<0. 05). In oligomennohric group, direct linear significant relationship was found between Gallwey score and sonographic findings (p<0. 05). In addition, every quantified sonographic markers were checked with age, finally reverse linear relationship was found between mean number of follicles< 6 mm and age which indicates that the number of follicles< 6 mm will decrease with increasing age (p=0. 01) Conclusion: In both groups, the relationship between total testosterone and lower abdominal, thigh and arm hair growth is clear that can be as a predictor factor for total testosterone level. However the sonographic findings are as predictor factor in irregular mensturation patients group.

Obesity is the common clinical sign in hirsutism which can cause metabolic disturbances like dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and hypertension. To investigate relationships of overweight and obesity with hormonal and metabolic parameters in suspected HIRSUTE women, in a cross-sectional study, 184 suspected HIRSUTE women were selected in a reproductive endocrinology outpatient clinic in north of Tehran from February 1997 to May 1999. Weight, height, waist and hip circumferences were measured and serum levels of lipids, hormones and glucose were determined. Overweight and overall obesity (OO-body mass index: BMI >=25 kg/m^2) and android obesity (AO-waist to hip ratio: WHR>0.85) were calculated. Hirsutism score of OO and AO women was higher than that of nonobese women (NO, P<0.001). OO women had significantly lower levels of serum LH, estradiol, HDL and higher levels of triglyceride (TG), LDL and LDL/HDL ratio than nonobese women (P<0.05). In addition, the mean BMI, LH/FSH ratio and serum levels of testosterone (T), dehydroepiandrostenedione sulfate (DHEAS), insulin, and TG of AO women were higher (P<0.05) and their glucose/insulin ratio were lower than nonandroid obese women (NAO: WHR<= 0.85; P<0.03). Multiple regression analysis of the data showed that WHR correlated most significantly with serum cholesterol, LDL and HDL levels; serum androstenedione with LDL/HDL ratio and serum glucose; and less significantly serum LH with serum insulin levels (P<0.02). Metabolic disturbances in these women are mostly due to obesity (especially android obesity), and high serum androstenedione levels.

Relationships among lipids, hormones and anthropometric indices of patients in a reproductive endocrinology outpatient clinic were investigated. Subjects were divided into two groups according to their hirsutism score (HIRSUTE score >= 8, n=102, and nonHIRSUTE score <8, n=83). Weight (Wt), height (Ht), waist (W) and hip (H) circumferences were measured in all women and serum levels of lipids, hormones and glucose were determined in about one half of them. Hisrsute women were heavier and had higher waist to hip ratio (WHR) and waist to height ratio, increased LDL and decreased progesterone levels (in all cases, P<0.04). In 26 subjects with a high serum androgen level (testosterone, and/or androstenedione and/or DHEAS) there was a significant correlation between triglyceride and testosterone levels (P<0.02). Multiple regression analysis showed that WHR was an independent variable for cholesterole and LDL, age for triglyceride, glucose for HDL, and androstenedione for the LDL/HDL ratio. It is concluded that altered blood lipid profiles in women with hirsutism and/or hyperandrogenism may be the result of obesity, testosterone or androstenedione blood levels.

Backgrounds and Aim: Hypoxia brings about detrimental changes in the correct structureand function of the brain. Accordingly, any medication (or compound) which results in thestability and strength of the brain upon hypoxia or ischemia, would be highly remarkablemedically. Anti-hypoxia compounds are effective in treatment and prevention of this problematic. Hypoxia brings significant changes to the activity of various enzymes in body, hencediscovering medical solutions which decrease the death rate seems necessary. Material and Methods: This study analyzes anti-hypoxia activity with a two-extractconcentration through three standard methods in hypoxic mice. In this study 80 male mice aredivided into three groups. Results: In the anti-hypoxia of blood analysis, an intraperitoneal injection through NaNO2 inthe control group, results in the death rate of 8. 013± 0. 827 during the study. Comparing to thecontrol group, both groups of Vicia hirsuta methanol extract had significant impacts(p<0. 05). In hypoxic blood circulation, the intraperitoneal injection of NaF yields significantresults. The compound was more effective at a 100 mg/kg dosage. Extract at a dose of 50mg/kg increased the survival (p<0. 05). In the hypoxic asphyxia, placing the animals in asealed glass container brings on noticeable results. At a dosage of 50 mg/kg of methanolextract of Vicia hirsuta and at a dosage of 100 mg/kg (p<0. 05) mice were kept alive, andcomparing to the control group, these results were revealing and remarkable. Conclusion: according to the results the anti-hypoxia effects of Vicia HIRSUTE extract wasfavorable.

Spironolactone is a diuretic antihypertensive drug which has been shown to produce antiandrogenic effects. The antiandrogenic effects of topical spironolactone have been proved in animals. In this study, we tried to prepare an effective formulation of topical spironolactone and also we evaluated its clinical effects in human. The study was performed in two phases: different formulations of topical spironolactone were examined in the first phase. Spironolactone creams containing 2% drug were prepared in aqueous cream, buffered, vanishing, oily, and cold cream bases and then physico-chemical tests including assessment of visual characteristics (appearance), uniformity, apparent viscosity and spread ability, drug release from the base, and assay of active ingredient were performed on each cream. In the second phase, the best formulation was applied twice daily for 3 months in 12 patients aged 17-50 years who suffered from mild to moderate hirsutism localized to the face. The patients used about 1 gram of the selected cream on one side of their face and did not remove or manipulate hair from that area throughout the study. The 2% spironolactone cream containing aqueous cream base was the best cream with the greatest stability and desirable physico-chemical properties. The clinical trial results from monthly assessments up to 3 months showed a lack of effectiveness of this formulation on hair growth compared with the other side of the face. Hirsutism and hair growth were not influenced by the application of the spironolactone-containing cream during 3 month of treatment. Other formulations or drug doses should be sought in the future studies.