One of the first steps in managing an effective class is to recognize the characteristics of disciplined and indisciplined STUDENTS. The main purpose of this research was to compare emotional intelligence and mind reading in disciplined STUDENTS and indiscipline STUDENTS. The subjects consist of 384 high school in 89-90 educational year in Tabriz city who were selected by multi-stage cluster and purposive sampling method. Disciplined and UNDISCIPLINED STUDENTS based on two cut points were used for discipline score of boy and girls and school officials. Sharing emotional intelligence and Baron-cohen mind reading test were used in the research. Data analyses by MANOVA, independent sample t-test. MANOVA test results showed that there is a significant difference between two groups in terms of score, of emotional intelligence and mind reading. Also the results showed that there are significant differences between two groups in terms of mind reading and emotional intelligence, at the end the results of this research showed that high emotional intelligence discipline problems and these STUDENTS who have high mind reading discipline problems.

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the validity, reliability and factor structure of the "How I Think" questionnaire to assess cognitive distortions in Iranian STUDENTS. The present research design is descriptive and psychometric studies. The statistical population of this study included all male high school STUDENTS in city Dezful in the academic year 1399-1400, from which 316 STUDENTS were selected by multi-stage random sampling and completed the How I think and Bass and Perry Aggression Questionnaires (for Convergent validity). Factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha and Pearson correlation were used to analyze the data using SPSS and AMOS 20 software. The results of factor analysis showed that the questionnaire consists of six factors and has good fit indices. The convergent validity of this questionnaire indicated a satisfactory correlation between the dimensions of the scale "How I think" with the Aggression Questionnaire (p <0.01). Cronbach's alpha and Split- half coefficients for the whole scale and its dimensions ranged from 0.66 to 0.92.The conclusion is that the Persian version of the "How do I think" questionnaire for measuring cognitive distortions in Iranian STUDENTS has acceptable psychometric properties and can be used as a valid tool in research, educational and clinical situations.

The Big Five Inventory (BFI) is one of the most widely used personality questionnaires, but very few studies have been conducted on its psychometric properties in Iranian population. This study was carried out with the aim of studying the psychometric properties of the BFI questionnaire. For this purpose, 390 university STUDENTS in Tehran (210 girls and 180 boys) with an age range of 18 to 56 years (M = 27.52; SD = 8.79) were selected using the convenience sampling method and completed BFI and NEO-FFI questionnaires. Cronbach's alpha, multitrait-multimethod matrix, and confirmatory factor analysis were used to estimate the psychometric properties of the questionnaire. The result of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that 15 of the 44 items did not have a strong factor loading (higher than 0.40) on the corresponding factors and were therefore removed from the questionnaire. The fit indices showed that the Persian version of 29 questions (BFI-29) with 5 factors has a good fit with the data. The reliability analysis also showed that the range of Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the factors is from 0.70 to 0.79. The lowest Cronbach's alpha coefficient was related to agreeableness factor and the highest was related to conscientiousness. The findings from the multitrait-multimethod matrix showed that the BFI-29 questionnaire has good convergent and divergent validity with the NEO-FFI questionnaire. In general, based on the results of the present study, it can be said that the BFI-29 questionnaire has desirable psychometric properties and whenever a short tool for personality measurement is needed, this questionnaire can be used.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of generative learning teaching based to pattern cognitive Load on the memorization math of 7th grade STUDENTS of in the academic year of 2021- 2022. The research method is quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test with four groups: two control group and two experimental groups. The statistical population of the study consisted of all 7th grade male and female STUDENTS of District 2 of Mashhad city that 112 person sample was selected by single stage cluster sampling method. The subjects in the experimental group involved in generative learning based to cognitive Load in 16 sessions and the control group did not receive any interventions. The research instrument consisted of a 20-questions researcher-made test. To analyze the obtained data, Multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS version 24 software were used. The results showed that generative learning teaching based to approach cognitive Load have a positive and significant effect on 7th grade STUDENTS' memorization math. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that one of the effective training on math memorization STUDENTS is the use of generative learning on the based load cognitive pattern.

Introduction: The development and empowerment of any society depend on the sound health conditions of the individuals living in that society. In fact, the two factors of health and development are interrelated in a sense that the existence of one gives rise to the other. That is why the present study aims at assessing some physical health indexes among secondary-school male STUDENTS ranging from twelve to fourteen years old in Gachsaran, Iran. The study was carried out during the academic year of 2009-2010. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive research study. The variables assessed in this study include:  physical growth like height and weight, health status of vision, hearing, mouth and tooth, as well as that of the vertebral column. For the purpose of this study, 1000 boys with the age range of twelve to fourteen years old, i.e. from the first to the third grade of secondary high school, were randomly selected for the assessment. The selection was based on multistage sampling. The instruments used for data collection include a questionnaire and observation record sheets. As for the physical examinations, several instruments were utilized as follows: measuring tape, weighing scale, Snellen chart, tuning fork, flashlight, spatulas and disposable gloves.Results: Regarding the assessment of physical growth, the median values for weights and heights of the subjects in all age groups were lower than the median point of NCHS. Generally, the weight of 4.6% of the STUDENTS was below the third percentile of the NCHS chart, 29.2%, fell between the third and the fiftieth percentiles, 54.3% between the fiftieth and the ninety seventh percentiles and 11.9% of their weight was found to be higher than the ninety seventh percentile of the NCHS chart. As for the findings related to the height, 3.2% of the STUDENTS were shorter than the third percentile of the NCHS charts, 32.6%, fell between the third and fiftieth percentiles, 52.3% between the fiftieth and ninety seventh percentiles and 11.9% were taller than the ninety seventh percentile of the NCHS chart. The results of assessing visual conditions show that 25.8% of the STUDENTS with glasses had at least one eye with less than 0.9 visual acuity. Regarding the hearing status, the findings show that 8.4% of the STUDENTS subjected to whisper test were found to have hearing loss in either one or both ears. In relation to health status of teeth, the findings indicated that 72% of the STUDENTS participating in the present study had decayed permanent teeth. Concerning the vertebral column, the results indicate that 6.8%, 2.4% and 3.9% of the STUDENTS in this research had scoliosis, lordosis and kiphosis, respectively. As for demographic specifications, it was found that there was a significant correlation between DMFT index and the fathers’ education as well as the number of children in the familyConclusion: The results of the present study show the importance of paying more attention to STUDENTS’ dental health, nutrition, physical education and health status of visual, hearing and skeletal systems.

Objective: The present study was conducted with the aim of effective school-based self-control skill training on increasing psychological hardiness and self-efficacy of male STUDENTS of the first secondary level.Method: This research is a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study included male STUDENTS of the first secondary school in Qom city, 30 STUDENTS were selected using the available sampling method and divided into two groups of 15 people completely randomly. STUDENTS in the experimental group participated in 8 sessions of the school-based self-control training program, and the control group did not receive training. Before and after the implementation of the intervention, both groups were evaluated using the psychological hardiness scale of Lang and Goulet (2003) and the self-efficacy scale of children and adolescents (SEQ-C). The data was analyzed using spss-22 software and through repeated measures analysis of variance test.Findings: The results showed that school-based self-control skill training has a significant effect on increasing STUDENTS' psychological hardiness and self-efficacy (P<0.01). Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicated that school-based self-control skill training can be an effective intervention in increasing psychological hardiness and self-efficacy in STUDENTS.

Gender socialization, as one of the most basic types of socialization, affects a person's individual and social life, including the stability of his or her marital life. The aim of this study was to explain the relationship between gender socialization and divorce between 178 divorced women and 222 women with emotional divorce, which was conducted by survey method in Bandar Abbas. This study used biological and social theories to explain gender socialization and theories of structural functionalism and the love triangle to explain divorce. In the present study, simple and stratified random sampling proportional to volume was used for women with emotional divorce and chain sampling was used for divorced women. Questionnaire data were collected through interviews and face validity was confirmed through literature review and expert judgment, structural validity was confirmed by factor analysis and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. The results showed that gender socialization of 29.4% of divorced women and 70.6% of women with emotional divorce is traditional, and on the other hand 60.2% of divorced women and 39.8% of women with emotional divorce, Had a modern gender socialization. According to the results of Chi-square test, there is a significant relationship between the type of gender socialization of women, gender values, gender inequality and power relations with the type of divorce. Accordingly, women with emotional divorce have a more traditional outlook than divorced women.

Purpose: The present research was conducted to explain creativity, based on self-management and creative self-efficacy by mediating of educational engagement in elementary school STUDENTS with learning Difficult. Method: The research method was a descriptive-correlation method with a path analysis design in the form of structural equations. The statistics society was included of STUDENTS in 4th to 6th grads with learning problems that were engaged to educate in primary schools of Arak city in the academic year of 1400-1401, which were selected 200 boys’ and girls’ STUDENTS (100 each gender) with learning problems as the research sample by using the purposeful sampling method. Data gathering tools were include Colorado Questionnaire, Shaffer's creativity questionnaire, Karwowski creative self-efficacy, Houghton and Neck's self-management, and Wilborn's educational engagement, which were completed by teachers and parents of STUDENTS with learning Difficult. The collected data were analyzed by using Pearson's correlation coefficients and path way analysis in SPSS and AMOS software. From structural equations modeling method was used to investigate the research model fitness.  Results: The findings showed that the research model have an agreeable fitness. Also acquired coefficients between variables parameters showed that meaningful direct effect of self-management dimensions and creative self-efficacy on educational engagement and creativity. In this means, by increasing the self -management and creative self-efficacy, there is a positive change in the degree of educational engagement and creativity in STUDENTS with learning problems. So, the relationships between the variables of the model drawn in this research were confirmed.